Summer 2017 Second Update Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C.

Transcription

1 Summer 2017 Second Update Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 1

2 AD/HD All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 2

3 AD/HD Children Medication and Sports American scientists found that AD/HD children ages 5 through 12 improved their skills, knowledge of, and enjoyment of badminton as well as became less frustrated with the sport with coaching in the sport. With medication these children additionally were able to follow rules better, demonstrated better sportsmanship and a better understanding of the rules of the sport. They suggested children with AD/HD use medication while playing sports. Altszuler, A.R., et al. (January 19, 2017). The Effects of Stimulant Medication and Training on Sports Competence Among Children With ADHD. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 3

4 ADHD and Circadian Function Irish professors through a review of the literature related to children with ADHD and circadian sleep functions that they had significantly more problems with becoming sleepy later than their non-impaired peers, later in the day chronotype, and delayed dim light melatonin onset, and sleep onset. They also found that melatonin treatment may help this. However, the scientists concluded there is significant circadian rhythm difficulty in children with AD/HD. Coogan, A.N., et al. (January 7, 2017). A Systematic Review of Circadian Function, Chronotype and Chronotherapy in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. DOI: %2Fs All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 4

5 AD/HD and Sensory Perception Dutch and German researchers found that children and adults with AD/HD have heightened sensitivity to smells, but lower levels of visual and speech perception than do their normally developing peers. Hupen, P., et al. (April 11, 2017). Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. DOI: /s All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 5

6 AD/HD and Alcohol Use American scientists found that they were directly able to predict the level of social and personal difficulties caused by alcohol use by college students with AD/HD, by their level of inattention, impulsivity/hyperactivity and impairment. Elmore, A., et al. (April 26, 2017). Positive alcohol expectancies mediate associations between ADHD behaviors and alcohol-related problems among college students. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. DOI: /s z. All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 6

7 AD/HD and Parkinson s Desease German researchers found the candidate genes for AD/HD do not appear to overlap those connected to Parkinson's disease. Geissler, J.M., et al. (February 7, 2017). No genetic association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Parkinson s disease in nine ADHD candidate SNPs. Attention Deficit. DOI: /s All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 7

8 AD/HD + Autism = Dysgraphia Investigators from Penn State University found that children and adolescents with AD/HD and autism commonly have comorbid dysgraphia. Mayes, S.D., et al. (July 25, 2017). High Prevalence of Dysgraphia in Elementary Through High School Students With ADHD and Autism. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 8

9 Mindfulness and AD/HD Canadian scientists were able to improve the Theda/Beta brain wave ratios in 11 to 17 year old individuals with AD/HD through mindfulness training. They interpreted this as meaning the subjects developed improved attention abilities through the training. Sibales, A., et al. (July 27, 2017). An EEG Investigation of the Attention-Related Impact of Mindfulness Training in Youth With ADHD: Outcomes and Methodological Considerations. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 9

10 Emotional Lability and AD/HD Spanish professors found that the level of emotional lability experienced by adults with AD/HD during childhood predicted the level of adult impairment cause by their AD/HD. They suggested that emotional lability should be assessed when assessing for AD/HD. Gisbert, L., et al. (July 31, 2017). The Impact of Emotional Lability Symptoms During Childhood in Adults With ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 10

11 Brain Waves AD/HD Vs. Sluggish Cognitive Tempo University of Alabama scientists found that children with AD/HD have significant Theda/Beta brain wave anomalies in their frontal and frontocentral brain regions during attentional tasks. Those with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo do not. Jarrett, M.A., et al. (August 11, 2017). An EEG Study of Children With and Without ADHD Symptoms: Between-Group Differences and Associations With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 11

12 AD/HD, Inattention, and Depression Professors from UCLA discovered children with AD/HD are more at risk for comorbid depression when they have higher levels of inattention. Fenesy, M.C., et al. (August 11, 2017). Association of ADHD and Executive Functioning With Childhood Depression. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 12

13 AD/HD & Autism A population study of the co-occurrence of AD/HD and autism in adults was conducted by scientists from Great Britton. They found the higher the inattention scores the adults reported the more social and communication difficulties they had. From this they concluded there is somewhat of a common etiology in AD/HD and autism. Panagiotidi, M., et al. (August 11, 2017). Co-Occurrence of ASD and ADHD Traits in an Adult Population. Journal of Attention Disorders. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 13

14 AD/HD and Bulimia British investigators discovered AD/HD is positively associated with bulimia, but they could not infer the direction of causation. Kaisari, P., et al. (April 2017). Review: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and disordered eating behaviour: A systematic review and a framework for future research. Clinical Psychology Review. DOI: doi.org/ /j.cpr All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 14

15 Iron Levels and AD/HD Chinese scientists discovered that children with AD/HD tend to have lower serum ferritin levels than their non-impaired peers. Wang, Y., et al. (January 3, 2017). Iron Status in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. DOI: /journal.pone All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 15

16 AD/HD and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Scientists discovered that bilateral prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of adults with AD/HD does not successfully treat AD/HD. Paz, Y., et al. (January 31, 2017). Randomised Sham-Controlled Study of High-Frequency Bilateral Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dtms) to Treat Adult Attention Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD): Negative Results. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 16

17 Neurofeedback and AD/HD A recent randomized controlled study in the Netherlands indicated that neurofeedback treatment did not improve AD/HD symptoms in AD/HD children. However, stimulant medication was found to do so. The scientists as a result could not recommend neurofeedback for AD/HD. Gelade, et al. (2017). An RCT into the effects of neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning compared to stimulant medication and physical activity in children with ADHD. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. DOI: /s x. All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 17

18 Preschool, Medication, and AD/HD Researchers for the university of Florida found as they followed preschoolers the number of medications they were placed on to treat their AD/HD and comorbid disorders grew substantially until they reached school age. Part of this was due to new symptoms developing as the child developed, but part may be due to overmedication of symptoms. Winterstein, A.G., et al. (July 5, 2017). Polypharmacy Use in Children Diagnosed With ADHD as Preschoolers. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. DOI: /JCP.16m All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 18

19 Miscellaneous All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 19

20 Children s Health and Pets Research conducted by the RAND corporation found that previous research that indicates that children who have pets are healthier have significant bias in them. When confounding variables are stringently controlled they found no significant difference between the health of children with and without pets. Miles, J.N.V., et al. (August 3, 2017). A Propensity-Score-Weighted Population-Based Study of the Health Benefits of Dogs and Cats for Children. Anthrzoos. DOI: / All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 20

21 Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy & Football American researchers autopsied 111 brains of former professional football players and found the 99.9, or 110 of them suffered from CTE. Mez, J., et al. (July 25, 2017). Clinicopathological Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Players of American Football. Journal of the American Medical Association. DOI: /jama All Rights Reserved Kevin T. Blake, Ph.D., P.L.C. 21