Lesson 1 - Drug Classifications Assignments Answer Key

Transcription

1 Lesson 1 - Drug Classifications Assignments Answer Key Assignment 1 - Case Study Review the Case Study on page 196 of the Pharmacy Technician Practice and Procedures textbook. Then answer the following questions. 1. As a pharmacy technician, why is the situation significant to Thomas? Answer: The patient is planning on taking two drugs with the same active ingredient. This represents therapeutic duplication. 2. What should Thomas advise Mr. Lee? Answer: Answers may vary, but Thomas must inform Mr. Lee that he needs to speak with the pharmacist regarding the prescription. 3. What should Thomas say to the pharmacist? Answer: Thomas should tell the pharmacist of the potential risk of therapeutic duplication. Assignment 2 - At Your Service Review the At Your Service scenario on page 197 of the Pharmacy Technician Practice and Procedures textbook. Then answer the following questions. 1. As a pharmacy technician, why should Cynthia be concerned about Mrs. Jones s statements? Answer: Answers may vary, but an acceptable response is that Cynthia knows that some antibiotics can interfere with the activity of oral contraceptives. 2. What should Cynthia say to Mrs. Jones? Answer: Answers will vary, but the technician should ask Mrs. Jones if she recalls the specific antibiotic agent and alert the pharmacist so that Mrs. Jones can receive pharmacist consultation and be professionally advised as to whether or not she should utilize a form of backup contraception. 3. If you were Cynthia, what actions would you take? Answer: Answers will vary, but the pharmacist should be notified immediately. Assignment 3 - Critical Thinking Mr. Simons has called the pharmacy requesting a refill of his cholesterol medication. You know Mr. Simmons is a regular customer and you immediately access his medication profile in the pharmacy computer system. The following list of medications is contained in the patient s profile:

2 Rx # Medication Strength Qty Last Fill Original Fill Refills Timoptic solution 0.25% 5 10/10/2012 1/15/ Zocor tablet 20 mg 30 9/3/2012 6/1/ Amoxicillin 250 mg 30 7/25/2012 7/25/ Lasix tablet 40 mg 30 8/19/2012 9/19/ Slow-K 8 meq 30 8/19/2012 9/19/ You indicate to Mr. Simons that you have access to his medication profile. He says that since you already have it available, is it possible for him to get a refill on his water pills. 1. Which of the medications is the cholesterol medication Mr. Simmons is requesting? Answer: Zocor 2. Provide more technical terms to classify Zocor. Answer: Possible answers: cholesterol-lowering agent, anti-hyperlipidemic agent, or HMG- CoA reductase inhibitor. 3. Which of the listed medications is the water pill? Answer: Lasix 4. Which of the medications should be dispensed with the water pill for potassium supplementation? Answer: Slow-K Assignment 4 - HIPAA Scenario Margaret Sanchez is a patient of Dr. Foster, a cardiologist in a busy private practice. Dr. Foster needs information from Margaret s pharmacy on the number of times she has refilled her medication for hypertension, so he can evaluate any adverse effects or contraindications for other medications he has prescribed for Margaret. Lindsay McCollum, Margaret s niece, is a pharmacy technician intern at the pharmacy Margaret uses for all of her prescriptions. Lindsay also knows Dr. Foster s medical assistant, Tricia. Tricia confided to Lindsay that she has had a difficult time getting the necessary information from Margaret s pharmacy. Lindsay wants to help, so she told Tricia to call the pharmacy and pretend to be Margaret s insurance provider seeking information in order to process the claim. When Tricia called the pharmacy, Lindsay transfers the call to the pharmacist on duty. The unsuspecting pharmacist provided Tricia with Margaret s information. Discussion Questions 1. Since Tricia was seeking medication information on Margaret, which could have a direct effect on her current cardiac treatment, has she broken any laws by using the method in which she obtained the information for Dr. Foster? 2. Should Lindsay and Tricia be disciplined since they were seeking a means to a legitimate end?

3 Body System Central Nervous System Answers: Obtaining PHI through unlawful means is punishable under HIPAA law. Although Tricia was not seeking information on Ms. Sanchez for illegal use, she obtained information from her pharmacy profile in an illegal manner by enlisting the help of the pharmacy technician intern. Both Tricia and Lindsay acted in a dishonest manner, a fact that would make any supervisor wary. Tricia and Lindsay s supervisor should ensure that they are counseled thoroughly and understand the possible ramifications of their actions. In the event the Tricia s and Lindsay s supervisors feel that they can no longer trust them, they may have justification to terminate Tricia s and Lindsay s services. Assignment 5 - Internet Activities 1. Go to Click on Product Approvals. On the site, enter the keywords new drug approvals in the search. Choose a new product approval from the list and record what you find. Include the date of the FDA approval, the trade and generic names of the agent, the classification or category of the agent, and the therapeutic use for the agent. Answer: Possible answer may include, Ampicillin for Injection (ampicillin sodium)- Approved December 20, It would be classed in the antimicrobial agents category. Treatment of respiratory tract, urinary tract, and GI infections, bacterial meningitis, septicemia, and endocarditis caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms. 2. Visit to perform each of the following activities. Current Top 200 Drugs: Review the top 200 drugs. Drugs Specific to Body Systems: Create a list of two drugs used to treat each of the body systems. The list should include drug trade name, generic name, body system, indications, and contraindications for each drug. Drugs That Have Multiple Indications: Create a list of 20 drugs that are indicated for effective treatment for more than one body system. The list should include drug trade name, generic name, body system, indications and contraindications. Answer: Some examples include: Drug Generic Name Drug Trade Name Indications Contraindications aripiprazole abilify Treatment of schizophrenia Known in adults and adolescents hypersensitivity (13-17 yrs). Acute treatment reaction to ABILIFY. of manic and mixed Reactions have episodes associated with ranged from bipolar I disorder, both as pruritus/urticaria to monotherapy and adjunct anaphylaxis to lithium or valproate, in adults and pediatric patients (10-17 yrs). Maintenance treatment of bipolar I

4 Central Nervous System Cardiovascul ar System Renal/Vascul ar System disorder, both as monotherapy and adjunct to lithium or valproate, in adults. Adjunctive therapy to antidepressants for treatment of MDD in adults. Treatment of irritability associated with autistic disorder in pediatric patients (6-17 yrs). paliperidone Invega Treatment of schizophrenia in adults and adolescents. Treatment of schizoaffective disorder as monotherapy and an adjunct to mood stabilizers and/or antidepressant therapy in adults. Bivalirudin AngioMax As an anticoagulant in patients with unstable angina undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). As an anticoagulant in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with provisional use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPI). For patients with, or at risk of, heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) or heparin induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis syndrome (HITTS) undergoing PCI. Darbepoetin Alfa Aranesp Treatment of anemia due to CKD, including patients on and not on dialysis. Treatment of anemia in patients with nonmyeloid malignancies where anemia Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic reactions and angioedema, have been observed in patients treated with risperidone and paliperidone. INVEGA Active major bleeding. Uncontrolled HTN, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) that begins after treatment with darbepoetin alfa or other erythropoietin

5 Renal/Vascul ar System Respiratory System Endocrine System Olmesartan Medoxomil Ipratropium Bromide, Albuterol Sulfate Interferon beta-1a Benicar Combivent Avonex is due to the effect of concomitant myelosuppressive chemotherapy, and upon initiation, there is a minimum of 2 additional months of planned chemotherapy. Treatment of HTN alone or in combination with other antihypertensives. Treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on a regular aerosol bronchodilator who continue to have evidence of bronchospasm and who require a 2nd bronchodilator. Treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis to slow the accumulation of physical disability and decrease the frequency of clinical exacerbations. protein drugs. Coadministration with aliskiren in patients with diabetes. Hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives and history of hypersensitivity to soya lecithin or related food products (eg, soybean, peanut). (Vial) Hypersensitivity to albumin (human). Assignment 6 - Apply Your Knowledge Using your skills learned in Lesson 1 to answer the following: 1. For each drug, provide the correct drug classification. A. Amiodarone Answer: Antiarrhythmic B. Nexium Answer: Proton pump inhibitor/anti-ulcer agent C. Celexa Answer: Antidepressant/SSRI D. Aricept Answer: Cholinesterase inhibitor/anti-alzheimer s agent E. Lipitor Answer: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor/cholesterol-lowering agent F. Novolin

6 Answer: Insulin/antidiabetic agent G. Zyrtec Answer: Antihistamine/anti-allergy H. Famvir Answer: Antiviral I. Gleevec Answer: Oncologic agent/chemotherapeutic agent J. Actos Answer: Thiazolidinedione/antidiabetic agent 2. Go to Print the most recent top 200 drug list. For each drug on the list, and from memory, classify each drug listed. How did you do? 3. As an additional exercise, classify each of the top 200 drugs and to identify the brand name (if the generic is printed on the list) or generic name of each drug on the list. Assignment 7 - Practice Your Knowledge Randomly select some medication bottles around your home. Use a timer or stopwatch to determine how long it takes you to classify or identify a particular disease state for which each agent is used. Keep track of your responses on a sheet of paper. Were you able to accurately classify each medication? Evaluation Form Practice the task until you are able to obtain a fair or excellent self-evaluation. Task Variety of randomly selected agents Correct responses for identifying classifications of agents Timeliness of responses for identifying agents Pronunciation of agents and classifications Correct replacement of agents on the shelves Timeliness of replacement of agents Self-Evaluation Rating Excellent Fair Poor Answers: Practice until you can perform the tasks quickly, with a high degree of accuracy.

7 Assignment 8 - Pharm Facts Research Choose a category of medications from the chapter in which you have interest; for example, antifungal s or antihypertensives. 1. Provide brand and generic names of the agents currently available in this category and provide the indications for the use of these agents. 2. Identify ways you might assist the pharmacist in providing quality pharmaceutical care to patients who are taking agents from this category. Answers: Answers will vary. Some examples may include. Brand Name Generic Name Indications Aralen Chloroquine Phosphate Treatment of acute attacks and suppressive treatment of malaria due to P. vivax, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum. Treatment of extraintestinal amebiasis. Mefloquine Mefloquine HCl Treatment and prophylaxis of mild to moderate acute malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and/or Plasmodium vivax. Flagyl Metronidazole Treatment of symptomatic/asymptomatic trichomoniasis, asymptomatic consorts, acute intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abscess, and anaerobic bacterial infections (following IV metronidazole therapy for serious infections) caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms. Treatment of intra-abdominal, skin and skin structure, bone/joint, CNS, lower respiratory tract, and gynecologic infections, bacterial septicemia, and endocarditis caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms. Alinia Nitazoxanide Treatment of diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia or Cryptosporidium parvum in patients 1 yr of age (Sus) and 12 yrs of age (Tab). Nebupent Pentamidine Isethionate Prevention of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in high-risk, HIV-infected patients that have history of 1 episode of PJP and/or have peripheral CD4+ (T4 helper/inducer) lymphocyte count 200/mm3. Daraprim Pyrimethamine Treatment of toxoplasmosis in combination with a sulfonamide. Treatment of acute malaria; it should not be used alone. Chemoprophylaxis of malaria. Primaquine Primaquine Phosphate Radical cure (prevention of relapse) of vivax malaria. Qualaquin Quinine Sulfate Treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

8 Assignment 9 - Calculation Corner You receive a prescription for Amoxil (amoxicillin) suspension 200 mg every 8 hours for 10 days. You have in stock Amoxil 125 mg/5 ml suspension and Amoxil 250 mg/5 ml suspension. Which suspension will you use and why? Answer: The best choice is Amoxil 250 mg/5 ml suspension, as list product is necessary to fill a prescription. If the student shows Amoxil 125 mg/5 ml, the milliliters required for each dose equals 8 ml per dose. Every eight hours equals three doses per day, therefore the patient will take 24 ml/day. Over a period of 10 days of treatment, the patient will take ml = 240 ml. If this didn t shows Amoxil to 50 mg/5 ml, the milliliters required for each dose equals 4 ml per dose. Every eight hours equals three doses per day, therefore the patient will take 12 ml per day. Over a period of 10 days of treatment, the patient will take ml = 120 ml.