Suicide in Missouri: Where We Stand

Transcription

1 Suicide in Missouri: Where We Stand Liz Sale Missouri Ins6tute of Mental Health University of Missouri-St. Louis June 2016

2 Outline Prevalence of suicide World, U.S., Missouri comparisons Trends over 6me Means of suicide Suicidal idea6on and inten6onal self-injury Vulnerable popula6ons

3 Worldwide Suicide Rates 800,000 people die each year to suicide worldwide 15 th leading cause of death (World Health Organiza6on, 2014)

4 Na6onal Suicide Rates In 2010, Missouri s suicide rate was the 22 nd highest in the na6on. In 2014, Missouri s suicide rate was 20 th highest

5 Suicide Rates by County ( ) Rates highest in rural coun0es (DHSS, MICA, 2014)

6 Age Groups Rank Five Leading Causes of Death Missouri, 2014, Ages Uninten6onal Injury Uninten6onal Injury Uninten6onal Injury Uninten6on al Injury Malignant Neoplasms 2 Suicide Homicide Suicide Heart Disease Heart Disease 3 Malignant Neoplasms Suicide Homicide Malignant Neoplasms Uninten6onal Injury 4 Homicide Malignant Neoplasms Heart Disease Suicide Suicide 5 Benign Neoplasms Heart Disease Malignant Neoplasms Homicide Diabetes 10 th leading cause of death for all age groups (CDC, 2014)

7 Comparisons with Other Fatal Injuries: 2014 Number of Deaths Rate (per 100,000) Suicide 1, Motor Vehicles Accidents Homicide

8 Missouri 2014 Largely a white male issue: 80% males 95% Whites 76% White males Highest rates among those and % firearms

9 # of Suicides (2014) by Age Group: Males and Females Females Males

10 2014 Suicide Rates by Age Group Rate per 100,

11 Male Suicide Rate by Age (2014)

12 2014 Suicide Rates by Race and Ethnicity Rate per 100, Caucasian African American Hispanic

13 Suicide Rates by Gender and Race* Rate per 100, Caucasian Males African American Males Caucasian Female African American Females Asian Males * Data aggregated to allow for greater race/gender comparisons

14 Trends

15 Missouri and U.S. Suicide Rates ( ) Rate per 100, MO U.S.

16 Rate per 100, Missouri Suicide Rates ( ) Males and Females Males Females CDC, Wisqars, 2016

17 Missouri Suicide Rates ( ) Caucasians and African Americans Rate per 100, Chart Title Caucasian African American

18 Missouri and U.S. Rates ( ) Year Old Caucasian Males U.S. MO Resistance to help seeking, job loss, divorce, decline in physical health, addic6on

19 Missouri and U.S. Rates ( ) Caucasian Males 75 and Older MO U.S

20 Lethal Means

21 Means of Suicide (All Ages) % 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Firearms Hanging Drugs Jumping Sharp objects Gases and vapors Other

22 Means of Suicide: Males and Females % 80% 60% 40% 20% Males Females 0%

23 Means by Age, Race and Region ( ) 75+ more likely to use firearms than any other age group (80%) African Americans more likely to use firearms than Caucasians (65% vs. 58%) Slightly more likely to use firearms in rural areas

24 % Firearms by Region in Missouri 100% 80% 60% 40% Large Central Large Fringe Medium metro Small Metro Micropolitan Non-core 20% 0% Trend for firearm use to be higher in more rural areas though in all areas, firearms are primary means

25 Missouri and U.S. Rates ( ) % Suicides by Firearms 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

26 Suicidal Idea6on in Youth 11.7% of Missouri middle and high school students reported seriously considering suicide in Rates higher for females than males (16% vs. 7%). Suicidal thoughts highest in 8 th 9 th grade 15% of Missouri college students experienced suicidal thoughts in Middle and high school data: Missouri Student Survey, 2014 College data: Missouri College hhealth Behavioral Survey

27 Inten6onal Self-Injury Over 8,000 Missourians are treated in emergency rooms for inten6onal self-injury every year. Females have highest rates: double the rate for all Missourians (141.5 per 100,000). Poison or drug/alcohol overdose accounted for around 80% of all inten6onal self-injuries. Rate of inten6onal self-injury declines with age regardless of race or gender. MO DHSS MICA database, 2012)

28 Popula6ons at High Risk

29 LGBTQ Community LGBTQ youth are at least 3 to 4 6mes more likely to alempt suicide. Alempts by LGBTQ youth are 4 to 6 6mes more likely to require treatment from a health professional. LGBTQ college students three 6mes more likely to have had suicidal thoughts than their peers. Gay men 6 6mes more likely to alempt suicide Around one-third of transgender youth have alempted suicide

30 U.S. Ac6ve Military Primarily white males under 30 68% used firearms; 92% were not military issued Rates highest in the Army and National Guard Failed relationships number one stressor Rates in military similar to civilian rates Rates slightly lower in 2014 compared to 2012; much lower for National Guard

31 Veteran Suicides In 2010, it was es6mated that 22 U.S. veterans die by suicide every day. Almost all Missouri veteran suicides are male. Rates highest among older veterans. MO Suicide rates stable over 6me, similar to na6onal rates Among veterans under 25, around 25% of those who died, died by suicide. (U.S. Veterans Affairs, 2010; MO DHSS, 2014)

32 Other Vulnerable Popula6ons People with a mental illness, par6cularly untreated depression People with substance use disorders People who are bullied and those who bully People with disabili6es People with terminal illnesses Individuals in juvenile and criminal jus6ce system Homeless

33 Ques6ons?