Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a new field of endoluminal
|
|
- Lenard Hensley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Imaging and Advanced Technology Michael B. Wallace, Section Editor Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy MICHAEL B. WALLACE* and PAUL FOCKENS *Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida; and Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a new field of endoluminal imaging that offers extremely high magnification and resolution, approximating white light microscopy. This has the potential to fundamentally change the current algorithms of gastroenterologic diagnosis. A recent consensus conference (International Conference of Cellvizo Users, Miami, FL, Feb 22 23, 2009) on probebased confocal laser endomicroscopy (pcle) held in February 2009, established basic indications, techniques, research priorities and standards for image interpretation. This article summarizes the findings of that meeting. Since the inception of flexible endoscopy, the endoscope has been used as both a diagnostic and therapeutic instrument. The diagnostic component has relied heavily on endoscopically directed biopsy, with histology and all of its subforms serving as the gold standard. Although highly accurate, histology has major limitations including: incremental cost, risk, time delay, lack of in vivo information such as blood flow, and limited ability to predict disease course. In the case of bile duct cancers, biopsy is particularly prone to false-negative results. On the other hand, most endoscopic imaging tools, such as high-definition endoscopes, with or without optical enhancement, are useful for guiding biopsy, but are rarely able to make specific diagnoses of normal or abnormal tissue sufficient to replace biopsy. This paradigm seems likely to change. CLE can be performed currently with 1 of 2 FDA approved devices: 1 integrated into an endoscope (Pentax, Ft Wayne, NJ; herein termed ecle) and 1 as a stand-alone probe (herein termed pcle) capable of passage through the accessory channel of most endoscopes (Cellvizio, Mauna Kea Technologies, Paris, France). This review focuses on the pcle system (Figure 1). A previous column in this section of GASTROENTEROLOGY has discussed the ecle system. 1 pcle has several advantages and disadvantages compared with ecle. Advantages include the greater versatility of pcle probes, which can be used in conjunction with virtually any endoscope (or cholangioscope, bronchoscope, ureteroscope etc), ad hoc usage, such as when a lesion is detected with a normal endoscope, and acquisition at video frame rate of 12 frames/ sec allowing in vivo imaging of capillary flow (Video). Disadvantages include a slightly lower resolution (approximately 1 m compared with 0.7 m for ecle) and smaller field of view ( m). The fiber probes consist of a bundle of 30,000 optical fibers with a distal lens, and proximal precision connector. The fluorescent signal returning from the tissue is converted into an image using a detector (Avalanche Photo Diode), and software/hardware systems for image correction, stabilization, and display. Clinical image acquisition is optimized by use of a contrast agent. Although many previously published images with the ecle system have used topical acriflavine dye, concerns about DNA damage 2 by this and other nuclear stains have reduced its use. Most pcle imaging is performed with intravenous fluorescein, an agent FDA approved for diagnostic fluorescein angiography or angioscopy of the retina andiris vasculature. Fluorescein is a highly safe agent whose major side effects are short term (1 2 hours) and include yellowish skin discoloration and 1 2 days of bright yellow-colored urine. In a safety analysis of IV fluorescein for pcle imaging, no serious complications were observed in 410 consecutive cases. 3 The current potential indications for pcle imaging are broad and include almost all current applications of endoscopic biopsy. Early data suggest that the major capabilities of pcle will be to distinguish non-neoplastic tissue from neoplasia, such as surveillance of nondysplastic Barrett s esophagus (BE), chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), small colorectal polyps, and indeterminate bile duct strictures. Other novel applications include detection of early rejection in small bowel transplantation, detection of residual neoplasia after endoscopic mucosal resection of large flat colorectal polyps, detection of microscopic colitis, and detection of celiac sprue. In most of these, the key role will be to detect nondiseased tissue, Abbreviations used in this paper: BE, Barrett s esophagus; ecle, endoscope-based confocal laser endomicroscopy; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IEN, intraepithelial neoplasia; NPV, negative predictive value; pcle, probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy by the AGA Institute /09/$36.00 doi: /j.gastro GASTROENTEROLOGY 2009;136:
2 Figure 1. The probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pcle) imaging system showing the fiber probe within a standard endoscopic accessory channel, and the laser scanning unit and software interface. and thus eliminate the large proportion of biopsies done, which yield no disease. In all of these applications, pcle will likely need to be used in conjunction with a red flag technology. pcle is a small-field imaging system, and thus is only appropriate for classification of tissue at a site already detected by standard or optically enhanced endoscopy. An example would be use of narrow-band imaging to detect regions of suspicion in BE, followed by pcle to confirm intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN), and guide immediate therapy. Barrett s Esophagus. Current surveillance guidelines for BE call for 4 quadrant random biopsies every 1 2 cm throughout the length of columnar epithelium in the esophagus. In patients without IEN, the annual incidence of high grade IEN or cancer is 1 in 200 per year. The pathology cost to Medicare alone for a single jar of 4 biopsies is substantial. Thus, a technology that could reliably exclude neoplasia has the potential to dramatically reduce the need for, and cost of, random biopsies. Early evidence using pcle for BE has identified key features of neoplasia, and was able to detect IEN with a per-biopsy sensitivity for 2 independent investigators of 75%, and specificity of 89% 91% with good interobserver agreement ( 0.6). 4 In the low-risk population studied, this led to a 98.8% negative predictive value (NPV), thus allowing nearly risk-free elimination of the random biopsy when pcle was negative. The features and example images indicative of neoplasia are shown in Table 1. A prospective, multicenter trial is now underway to evaluate the accuracy of pcle in comparison with high-definition white light and narrow-band imaging endoscopy. Potential future applications of pcle take advantage of the unique aspect of real-time in vivo imaging in living tissue. These include the potential for novel biomarkers of risk and prognosis such as angiogenesis, and the ability to image fluorescent-tagged molecular agents. Fundamentally, the field of Barrett s will need to move beyond reliance on histologic intestinal neoplasia alone as a biomarker of risk. Whether this will be accomplished by in vivo imaging markers, genomic biomarkers, proteomic biomarkers, or other means is not yet known. Colorectal Disease. Colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy and polypectomy remains the gold standard for disease prevention. Despite advantages, there are major limitations to the current paradigm including the large number of benign (small distal hyperplastic) polyps, and increased risks and costs associated with polypectomy. Recent studies have shown that polypectomy is the single greatest risk factor for major complications of colonoscopy. 5 Table 1. Nondysplastic Barrett s (with permission from Pohl et al 4 ) Absence of criteria below. IEN Irregular epithelial lining; variable width of the epithelial lining; fusion of glands; presence of dark areas (decreased uptake of fluorescein); irregular vascular pattern. 1510
3 One third to one half of all polyps in the colon are hyperplastic; most of these are small ( 10 mm), distal lesions with extremely low malignant potential. With current methods of endoscopy, even with high-definition, optically enhanced colonoscopes, the accuracy of polyp classification is only 80% 90%. Current guidelines still call for removal and histologic classification of all colorectal polyps. 6 pcle has several potential roles in polyp management. The best-studied application is to distinguish between hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps, thus negating the need to remove hyperplastic polyps. This recognized that some large, proximal, hyperplastic lesions, especially those now being reclassified as serrated lesions, should be removed. In a large, prospective, blinded trial, our group evaluated pcle in 60 patients with 103 polyps and found a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 94% for detection of adenomatous polyps. 7 A key issue for polyp application is the NPV. In a survey of 25 gastroenterologists attending the Miami conference, the majority would require a NPV 95% to leave a polyp in situ and 20% would require an NPV 99%. Such high levels of certainty are likely achievable with pcle, particularly with low-risk lesions. For example, a 6-mm, pale-appearing polyp in the rectosigmoid (estimated pretest probability of adenoma 10%) combined with negative pcle image (estimated sensitivity 80%) has a NPV of 98%. With a sensitivity of 90%, that NPV would exceed 99% and thus make leaving benign-appearing polyps in situ more acceptable. Societal guidelines and more validated studies are clearly needed, however. Surveillance in chronic IBD is recommended after longstanding disease. As is the case in BE, the yield for IEN on random biopsy is low, yet standard endoscopic imaging cannot identify most IEN. Recent studies have shown that targeting biopsies with methylene blue chromoendoscopy significantly increases the yield of IEN. More important, the yield of IEN in chromo-negative sites is 0.1%. Endoscope-based CLE has recently been shown to further increase the yield for IEN above and beyond methylene blue. 8 pcle also has the capacity to differentiate normal from inflamed tissue, and thus target biopsies for the purpose of grading and mapping the extent of colitis. 9,10 The role of pcle in chronic IBD surveillance is likely to be replacement of these random biopsies, particularly in chromo-negative regions, and to further target biopsies in circumscribed lesions detected with optical enhancement methods. Whether or not newer optical contrast methods (narrow-band imaging, AFI, FICE, iscan) will replace chromoendoscopy as the red flag methods, and how accurate these will be, remains to be determined, but early studies are promising. 11,12 It is likely that some highly sensitive methods such as pcle will still be needed to replace the random biopsy. Figure 2. Confocal image of pancreatic acini (B) obtain via endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle (A, arrow) pcle in a pig. pcle may also be valuable in detection of microscopic colitis in patients with chronic diarrhea. Although collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are rare, biopsy is recommended but of very low yield in patients with chronic diarrhea. Recent studies have suggested that confocal endomicroscopy has the capacity to detect both lymphocytic 13 and collagenous 14,15 colitis. Thus, pcle has the potential to replace or direct a large number of random biopsies in patients with chronic diarrhea, where the confocal image is normal. Pancreatobiliary Applications. One of the major advantages of probe-based CLE is the small diameter of the fiber, thus allowing imaging within the biliary or pancreatic duct, and even through fine-needle systems in solid organs and lymph nodes. Fibers as small as 300 m in diameter are currently available for animal imaging and have been used in endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration of solid organs such as the pancreas (Figure 2). 1511
4 Figure 3. pcle images of normal bile duct (A) with fine-regular reticular pattern compared with the dilated irregular dark structures and bright, irregular vessels in cholangiocarcinoma (B). (Courtesy of Professor Alexander Meining.) The major role of pcle in the bile duct is likely to detect cancer in indeterminate bile duct and pancreatic strictures. Biopsy and other methods such as cytologic brushing and needle aspiration have very low levels of diagnostic accuracy in this setting. In the bile duct, confirmation and treatment of cancer is frequently delayed or requires operative intervention or long-term followup. In a pilot study of 14 patients with indeterminate biliary strictures, Meining et al were able to accurately (in fact even more accurately than histologic brushing and biopsy) distinguish malignant from benign strictures using pcle, based on the presence of large, irregular microvessels (Figure 3). Normal bile duct wall had a very regular, reticular pattern. A large, multicenter trial is now underway in the United States and Europe to confirm these findings and further improve the diagnostic criteria for neoplasia. Miscellaneous Applications. pcle imaging has the potential to replace or guide biopsy in almost any condition where biopsy is needed. Several novel applications include detection of rejection in small bowel transplantation where extensive biopsies are often needed, and biopsies carry an increased risk of complication in the transplanted bowel. pcle imaging is well suited to take advantage of recent advances in molecular imaging. Fluorescent tags, nanoparticles, and quantum dots can all be attached to specific monoclonal antibodies, or peptides that bind to specific molecular targets such as cathepsins or matrix metalloproteases. These molecular beacons can be tuned to either visible (488-nm) lasers or near-infrared lasers, which have the advantage of minimal background autofluorescence. Recent studies using a heptamer peptide-linked to fluorescein allowed sensitive and specific imaging of adenomatous colon polyps. 16 Although most research to date compares confocal imaging with histology, pcle also offers the potential to image structure and function that cannot be seen in excised tissue. By imaging in vivo, moving structures can easily be seen, particularly vascular flow (Video). Such information may allow new biomarkers of disease, prognosis, and prediction to be developed beyond histologic capabilities. Probe-based CLE is a rapidly emerging field of gastroenterology that bridges the interface between endoscopy and histology. It further expands our ability to image living tissue in real time and to provide therapy in the same setting. The immediate impact will be the ability to target biopsies much more precisely, and eliminate a large number of noninformative random biopsies. Longterm impacts will be a rethinking of the dependence on histology as our biomarker of choice for detection, prognostication, and prediction of gastrointestinal disease and therapy. Supplementary Data Note: To access the supplementary material accompanying this article, visit the online version of Gastroenterology at and at doi: /j.gastro References 1. Wallace M. Leeuwenhoek meets Kussmaul: the evolution of endoscopist to endo-pathologist. Gastroenterology 2006;131: Iwamoto Y, Itoyama T, Yasuda K, et al. Photodynamic DNA strand breaking activities of acridine compounds. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 1993;16: Wallace M, Meining A, Miehlke S, et al. Safety of intravenous fluorescein for probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pcle): a multicenter study. Gastroenterology In press. 4. Pohl H, Roesch T, Vieth M, et al. Miniprobe confocal laser microscopy for the detection of invisible neoplasia in patients with Barrett s esophagus. Gut 2008;57: Rabeneck L, Paszat LF, Hilsden RJ, et al. Bleeding and perforation after outpatient colonoscopy and their risk factors in usual clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2008;135: e
5 6. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Fletcher RH, et al. Guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after polypectomy: a consensus update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer and the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin ;56: Buchner AM GM, Murli K, Wolfsen HC, et al. High resolution confocal endomicroscopy probe system for in vivo diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia [abstract]. Gastroenterology 2008;135: Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Lammersdorf K, et al. Chromoscopy-guided endomicroscopy increases the diagnostic yield of intraepithelial neoplasia in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2007;132: Watanabe O, Ando T, Maeda O, et al. Confocal endomicroscopy in patients with ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23(suppl 2):S Trovato C, Sonzogni A, Fiori G, et al. Confocal laser endomicroscopy for the detection of mucosal changes in ileal pouch after restorative proctocolectomy. Dig Liver Dis 2008 Nov 12 [Epub ahead of print]. 11. van den Broek FJC, Fockens P, van Eeden S, et al. Endoscopic tri-modal imaging for surveillance in ulcerative colitis: randomised comparison of high-resolution endoscopy and autofluorescence imaging for neoplasia detection; and evaluation of narrowband imaging for classification of lesions. Gut 2008;57: Dekker E, van den Broek FJ, Reitsma JB, et al. Narrow-band imaging compared with conventional colonoscopy for the detection of dysplasia in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis. Endoscopy 2007;39: Meining A, Schwendy S, Becker V, et al. In vivo histopathology of lymphocytic colitis. Gastrointest Endosc 2007;66: Zambelli A, Villanacci V, Buscarini E, et al. Collagenous colitis: a case series with confocal laser microscopy and histology correlation. Endoscopy 2008;40: Kiesslich R, Hoffman A, Goetz M, et al. In vivo diagnosis of collagenous colitis by confocal endomicroscopy. Gut 2006;55: Hsiung PL, Hardy J, Friedland S, et al. Detection of colonic dysplasia in vivo using a targeted heptapeptide and confocal microendoscopy. Nat Med 2008;14: Reprint requests Address requests for reprints to: Michael B. Wallace, MD, MPH, Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida Wallace.michael@mayo.edu. Acknowledgments The authors thank the faculty of the International Conference of Cellvizio Users (ICCU) whose lectures provided a basis for this review article: Alexander Meining, MD, PhD; Prateek Sharma, MD; Yang Chen, MD; Marc Giovannini, MD; David Carr-Locke, MD; Julian Abrams, MD; Tom Wang, MD, PhD; Greg Lauwers, MD; Anna Buchner, MD, PhD; Christopher Thompson, MD; Adam Slivka, MD; and Simon Lo, MD. Conflicts of interest Dr Wallace receives research funding from Mauna Kea Technologies but no consulting or speaker s bureau fees. 1513
Advances in Endoscopic Imaging
Advances in Endoscopic Imaging SGNA meeting February 20, 2010 Amar R. Deshpande, MD Asst Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Objectives To recognize
More informationChromoendoscopy and Endomicroscopy for detecting colonic dysplasia
Chromoendoscopy and Endomicroscopy for detecting colonic dysplasia Ralf Kiesslich I. Medical Department Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Cumulative cancer risk in ulcerative colitis 0.5-1.0%
More informationReview Article Confocal Endomicroscopy of Colorectal Polyps
Gastroenterology Research and Practice Volume 2012, Article ID 545679, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2012/545679 Review Article Confocal Endomicroscopy of Colorectal Polyps Vivian M. Ussui and Michael B. Wallace
More informationHow to characterize dysplastic lesions in IBD?
How to characterize dysplastic lesions in IBD? Name: Institution: Helmut Neumann, MD, PhD, FASGE University Medical Center Mainz What do we know? Patients with IBD carry an increased risk of developing
More informationConfocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Policy Number: 2.01.87 Last Review: 3/2018 Origination: 3/2013 Next Review: 9/2018 Policy Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City (Blue KC) will not provide coverage for
More informationConfocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Colon
clinical imaging Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Colon Dan Ionut Gheonea, Adrian Saftoiu, Tudorel Ciurea, Carmen Popescu, Claudia Valentina Georgescu, Anca Malos Research Center of Gastroenterology
More informationMiami Classification for Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Miami Classification for Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation
More informationChromoendoscopy or Narrow Band Imaging with Targeted biopsies Should be the Cancer Surveillance Endoscopy Procedure of Choice in Ulcerative Colitis
Chromoendoscopy or Narrow Band Imaging with Targeted biopsies Should be the Cancer Surveillance Endoscopy Procedure of Choice in Ulcerative Colitis Bret A. Lashner, M.D. Professor of Medicine Director,
More informationMedical Policy. MP Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Medical Policy BCBSA Ref. Policy: 2.01.87 Last Review: 11/15/2018 Effective Date: 11/15/2018 Section: Medicine Related Policies 2.01.80 Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation or Cryoablation for Barrett Esophagus
More informationFEP Medical Policy Manual
FEP Medical Policy Manual Effective Date: April 15, 2018 Related Policies: 2.01.87 Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy 6.01.32 Virtual Colonoscopy/CT Colonography Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy
More informationConfocal Laser Endomicroscopy. Populations Interventions Comparators Outcomes Individuals: With suspected or known colorectal lesions
Protocol Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (20187) Medical Benefit Effective Date: 07/01/13 Next Review Date: 03/19 Preauthorization No Review Dates: 03/13, 03/14, 03/15, 03/16, 03/17, 03/18 Preauthorization
More informationCOLON: Innovations 3 steps, 3 parts..
COLON: Innovations 3 steps, 3 parts.. Detection: I see an abnormality (usually a polyp) Characterization: Is this abnormality neoplastic? (for example: an adenoma) Treatment: it is neoplastic. Can I treat
More informationThe Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters.
Real-Time Increased Detection of Neoplastic Tissue in Barrett s Esophagus with Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Final Results of an International Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled
More informationCorporate Medical Policy
Corporate Medical Policy Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy File Name: Origination: Last CAP Review: Next CAP Review: Last Review: chromoendoscopy_as_an_adjunct_to_colonoscopy 7/2012 11/2017
More informationDiagnostic techniques for surveillance of dysplasia
January 27th 2017, 8th Gastro Foundation Weekend for Fellows; Spier Hotel & Conference Centre, Stellenbosch Diagnostic techniques for surveillance of dysplasia Gerhard Rogler, Department of Gastroenterology
More informationConfocal Laser Endomicroscopy. Description
Subject: Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Page: 1 of 15 Last Review Status/Date: June 2016 Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Description Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), also known as confocal fluorescent
More informationGastrointestinal Imaging
Endoscopic Imaging of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Kerry B Dunbar, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Abstract
More informationPage 1. Is the Risk This High? Dysplasia in the IBD Patient. Dysplasia in the Non IBD Patient. Increased Risk of CRC in Ulcerative Colitis
Screening for Colorectal Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Francis A. Farraye MD, MSc Clinical Director, Section of Gastroenterology Co-Director, Center for Digestive Disorders Boston Medical Center
More informationChromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy
Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy Policy Number: 2.01.84 Last Review: 1/2018 Origination: 7/2017 Next Review: 7/2018 Policy Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City (Blue KC) will not provide
More informationAccepted Article. Parikh 1 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
In-vivo classification of colorectal neoplasia using high-resolution microendoscopy: improvement with experience 1 Running Title: HRME for colon polyps Neil D. Parikh M.D. 1 ; Daniel Perl B.A. 2 ; Michelle
More informationFEP Medical Policy Manual
FEP Medical Policy Manual Effective Date: April 15, 2018 Related Policies: 2.01.80 Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation or Cryoablation for Barrett Esophagus 2.01.84 Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy
More informationDescription. Section: Medicine Effective Date: July 15, Subsection: Original Policy Date: September 13, 2012 Subject: Page: 1 of 17
Page: 1 of 17 Last Review Status/Date: June 2016 Description Chromoendoscopy refers to the application of dyes or stains during endoscopy to enhance tissue differentiation or characterization. When used
More informationBENEFIT APPLICATION BLUE CARD/NATIONAL ACCOUNT ISSUES
Medical Policy BCBSA Ref. Policy: 2.01.84 Last Review: 11/15/2018 Effective Date: 11/15/2018 Section: Medicine Related Policies 2.01.87 Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy 6.01.32 Virtual Colonoscopy/Computed
More informationFEP Medical Policy Manual
FEP Medical Policy Manual Effective Date: April 15, 2017 2.01.80 Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation or Cryoablation for Barrett Esophagus 2.01.84 Chromoendoscopy as an Adjunct to Colonoscopy 6.01.32 Virtual
More informationComputer aided optical diagnosis of polyps. Dr Michael Byrne Vancouver General Hospital University of British Columbia
Computer aided optical diagnosis of polyps Dr Michael Byrne Vancouver General Hospital University of British Columbia Conflict of Interest/disclosures Satis Operations Inc (partner in ai4gi venture)----ceo
More informationEndoscopy in IBD. F.Hartmann K.Kasper-Kliniken (St.Marienkrankenhaus) Frankfurt/M.
F.Hartmann K.Kasper-Kliniken (St.Marienkrankenhaus) Frankfurt/M. F.Hartmann@em.uni-frankfurt.de Indications for endoscopy Diagnosis Management Surveillance Diagnosis Single most valuable tool: ileocolonoscopy
More informationUse of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pcle) in gastrointestinal applications. A consensus report based on clinical evidence
Original Article Use of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pcle) in gastrointestinal applications. A consensus report based on clinical evidence United European Gastroenterology Journal 2015, Vol.
More informationPredict, Resect and discard : Yes we can! (at least in some hands)
Diminutive polyps : Real time endoscopic histology Predict, Resect and discard : Yes we can! (at least in some hands) Robert Benamouzig Hôpital Avicenne AP-HP & Paris 13 University France Why it is important?
More informationUtility of Probe-based (Cellvizio) Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Gastroenterology
Review articles Utility of Probe-based (Cellvizio) Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Gastroenterology Elías Alfonso Forero Piñeros, MD, 1 Héctor José Cardona, MD, 2 Kunal Karia, MD, 3 Amrita Sethi, MD,
More informationDysplasia 4/19/2017. How do I practice Chromoendoscopy for Surveillance of Colitis? SCENIC: Polypoid Dysplasia in UC. Background
SCENIC: Polypoid in UC Definition How do I practice for Surveillance of Colitis? Themos Dassopoulos, M.D. Director, BSW Center for IBD Themistocles.Dassopoulos@BSWHealth.org Tel: 469-800-7189 Cell: 314-686-2623
More informationQuality in Endoscopy: Can We Do Better?
Quality in Endoscopy: Can We Do Better? Erik Rahimi, MD Assistant Professor Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition UT Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School Ertan Digestive
More informationManagement of Barrett s: From Imaging to Resection
Management of Barrett s: From Imaging to Resection Michael Wallace, MD, MPH, FACG Professor of Medicine Mayo Clinic Florida Goals of Endoscopic Evaluation in Barrett s Detect Barrett s and dysplasia Reduce/eliminate
More informationIdentification of gastric atrophic changes: from histopathology to endoscopy
Evidence in perspective 533 Identification of gastric atrophic changes: from histopathology to endoscopy Authors Mário Dinis-Ribeiro 1,2, Ernst J. Kuipers 3 Institutions Bibliography DOI http://dx.doi.org/
More informationColon Polyps: Detection, Inspection and Characteristics
Colon Polyps: Detection, Inspection and Characteristics Stephen Kim, M.D. Assistant Professor of Medicine Interventional Endoscopy Services UCLA Division of Digestive Diseases September 29, 2018 1 Disclosures
More informationDiagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches to Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches to Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Parakkal Deepak, M.B.B.S., M.S. Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology John T. Milliken Department
More informationAmerican Journal of Gastroenterology. Volumetric Laser Endomicroscopy Detects Subsquamous Barrett s Adenocarcinoma
Volumetric Laser Endomicroscopy Detects Subsquamous Barrett s Adenocarcinoma Journal: Manuscript ID: AJG-13-1412.R1 Manuscript Type: Letter to the Editor Keywords: Barrett-s esophagus, Esophagus, Endoscopy
More informationAlberta Colorectal Cancer Screening Program (ACRCSP) Post Polypectomy Surveillance Guidelines
Alberta Colorectal Cancer Screening Program (ACRCSP) Post Polypectomy Surveillance Guidelines June 2013 ACRCSP Post Polypectomy Surveillance Guidelines - 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Background... 3 Terms, Definitions
More informationExperience and challenges of implementing optical diagnosis into clinical practice UK and European Perspective
Experience and challenges of implementing optical diagnosis into clinical practice UK and European Perspective WEO Image Enhanced Endoscopy San Diego, USA Dr James East Consultant Gastroenterologist Honorary
More informationAdvanced Imaging and the Colon- Which Technology Should I Adopt?
Advanced Imaging and the Colon- Which Technology Should I Adopt? Michael B Wallace MD, MPH, FACG Mayo Clinic Florida Learning Objectives Identify imaging and education methods to increased adenoma detection
More informationNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE SCOPE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE 1 Guideline title SCOPE Colorectal cancer: colonoscopic surveillance for prevention of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis, Crohn
More informationColorectal Cancer Screening
Recommendations from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer Screening Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, Giardiello FM, Johnson DA, Kaltenbach T, Levin TR, Lieberman D, Robertson
More informationChromoendoscopy - Should It Be Standard of Care in IBD?
Chromoendoscopy - Should It Be Standard of Care in IBD? John F. Valentine, MD, FACG Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Utah What is the point of
More informationNovel Optical Research at UPMC
Novel Optical Research at UPMC Randall Brand, MD Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Background Patients with UC and CD of
More informationBarrett s esophagus. Barrett s neoplasia treatment trends
Options for endoscopic treatment of Barrett s esophagus Patrick S. Yachimski, MD MPH Director of Pancreatobiliary Endoscopy Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
More informationThe Usefulness Of Narrow Band Imaging Endoscopy For The Real Time Characterization Of Colonic Lesions
Acta Medica Marisiensis 2016;62(2):182-186 DOI: 10.1515/amma-2016-0004 RESEARCH ARTICLE The Usefulness Of Narrow Band Imaging Endoscopy For The Real Time Characterization Of Colonic Lesions Boeriu Alina
More informationScreening & Surveillance Guidelines
Chapter 2 Screening & Surveillance Guidelines I. Eligibility Coloradans ages 50 and older (average risk) or under 50 at elevated risk for colon cancer (personal or family history) that meet the following
More informationNew Developments in the Endoscopic Diagnosis and Management of Barrett s Esophagus
New Developments in the Endoscopic Diagnosis and Management of Barrett s Esophagus Prateek Sharma, MD Key Clinical Management Points: Endoscopic recognition of a columnar lined distal esophagus is crucial
More informationApproach to the Biliary Stricture
Approach to the Biliary Stricture ACG Eastern Postgraduate Course Washington DC June 8, 2014 Steven A. Edmundowicz MD FASGE Chief of Endoscopy Division of Gastroenterology Professor of Medicine Disclosures
More informationDevices To Improve Colon Polyp Detection
Devices To Improve Colon Polyp Detection ACG/VGS Regional Postgraduate Course Sep 10-11, 2016 Williamsburg, VA VIVEK KAUL, MD, FACG Segal-Watson Professor of Medicine Chief, Division of Gastroenterology
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLES ALIMENTARY TRACT
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2007;5:1261 1267 ORIGINAL ARTICLES ALIMENTARY TRACT In Vivo Histopathology for Detection of Gastrointestinal Neoplasia With a Portable, Confocal Miniprobe: An Examiner
More informationIn Vivo Analysis of Colorectal Polyps
Medical Policy Manual Medicine, Policy No. 104 In Vivo Analysis of Colorectal Polyps Next Review: October 2018 Last Review: October 2017 Effective: December 1, 2017 IMPORTANT REMINDER Medical Policies
More informationAccurate endoscopic determination of the histology of
GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013;144:81 91 Real-Time Optical Biopsy of Colon Polyps With Narrow Band Imaging in Community Practice Does Not Yet Meet Key Thresholds for Clinical Decisions URI LADABAUM, 1,2 ANN FIORITTO,
More informationChromoendoscopy is an image-enhanced endoscopic technique
The Role of Chromoendoscopy in Evaluating Colorectal Dysplasia Anna M. Buchner, MD, PhD Dr Buchner is an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology at the University of Pennsylvania
More informationRomanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology 2006, 47(3):
Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology 26, 7(3):239 23 ORIGINAL PAPER Predictive parameters for advanced neoplastic adenomas and colorectal cancer in patients with colonic polyps a study in a tertiary
More informationSurveying the Colon; Polyps and Advances in Polypectomy
Surveying the Colon; Polyps and Advances in Polypectomy Educational Objectives Identify classifications of polyps Describe several types of polyps Verbalize rationale for polypectomy Identify risk factors
More informationCASE DISCUSSION: The Patient with Dysplasia: Surgery or Active Surveillance? Noa Krugliak Cleveland, MD David T. Rubin, MD
CASE DISCUSSION: The Patient with Dysplasia: Surgery or Active Surveillance? Noa Krugliak Cleveland, MD David T. Rubin, MD Disclosure Statement NKC: No relevant conflicts to disclose. DTR: No relevant
More informationASGE and AGA Issue Consensus Statement on Surveillance and Management of Dysplasia in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
ASGE and AGA Issue Consensus Statement on Surveillance and Management of Dysplasia in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease DOWNERS GROVE, Ill., (March 5, 2015) The American Society for Gastrointestinal
More informationDetermining the adenoma detection rate and adenomas per colonoscopy by photography alone: proof-of-concept study
Original article 245 Determining the adenoma detection rate and adenomas per colonoscopy by photography alone: proof-of-concept study Authors Institution Douglas K. Rex, Kyle Hardacker, Margaret MacPhail,
More informationVolumetric laser endomicroscopy can target neoplasia not detected by conventional endoscopic measures in long segment Barrett s esophagus
E318 Volumetric laser endomicroscopy can target neoplasia not detected by conventional endoscopic measures in long segment esophagus Authors Institution Arvind J. Trindade, Benley J. George, Joshua Berkowitz,
More informationEndoscopic Corner CASE 1. Kimtrakool S Aniwan S Linlawan S Muangpaisarn P Sallapant S Rerknimitr R
170 Endoscopic Corner Kimtrakool S Aniwan S Linlawan S Muangpaisarn P Sallapant S Rerknimitr R CASE 1 A 54-year-old woman underwent a colorectal cancer screening. Her fecal immunochemical test was positive.
More informationOne of the major frontiers of translational gastroenterological
Editorials Colonoscopy and Optical Biopsy: Bridging Technological Advances to Clinical Practice See Endoscopic trimodal imaging detects colonic neoplasia as well as standard video endoscopy, Kuiper T,
More informationUniversity Mainz. Early Gastric Cancer. Ralf Kiesslich. Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany. Early Gastric Cancer 15.6.
Ralf Kiesslich Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany DIAGNOSIS Unmask lesions - Chromoendoscopy -NBI Red flag technology - Autofluorescence Surface and detail analysis - Magnifying endoscopy - High
More informationIn Vivo Colorectal Polyp Analysis Archived Medical Policy
Applies to all products administered or underwritten by Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana and its subsidiary, HMO Louisiana, Inc.(collectively referred to as the Company ), unless otherwise provided
More informationDIAGNOSTICS ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME
DIAGNOSTICS ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME Evidence overview Virtual chromoendoscopy for real-time assessment of colorectal polyps during This overview summarises the key issues for the diagnostics advisory committee
More informationWe are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors
We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 3,800 116,000 120M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our
More informationOptical biopsy of early gastroesophageal cancer by catheter-based reflectance-type laser-scanning confocal microscopy
Optical biopsy of early gastroesophageal cancer by catheter-based reflectance-type laser-scanning confocal microscopy Madoka Nakao, M.D. 1, Shigeto Yoshida, M.D. 2, Shinji Tanaka, M.D. 2, Yoshito Takemura,
More informationProbe-based confocal endomicroscopy is accurate for differentiating gastric lesions in patients in a Western center
Original Article Probe-based confocal endomicroscopy is accurate for differentiating gastric lesions in patients in a Western center Adriana Vaz Safatle-Ribeiro, Elisa Ryoka Baba, Rodrigo Corsato Scomparin,
More informationThe Use of Pancreatoscopy in the Diagnosis of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor Lesions of the Pancreas
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2005;3:S53 S57 The Use of Pancreatoscopy in the Diagnosis of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor Lesions of the Pancreas KENJIRO YASUDA, MUNEHIRO SAKATA, MOOSE
More informationVirtual Chromoendoscopy with I-Scan and its Application for Detection and Characterization of Colon Polyps
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.127 Virtual Chromoendoscopy with I-Scan and its Application for Detection and Characterization of Colon Polyps Henry Royero G., MD. 1 1 Internist and Gastroenterologist
More informationEndoscopic Management of Barrett s Esophagus
Endoscopic Management of Barrett s Esophagus Sammy Ho, MD Director of Pancreaticobiliary Services and Endoscopic Ultrasound Montefiore Medical Center Barrett s Esophagus Consequence of chronic GERD Mean
More informationEndoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has assumed an important role
EUS-Guided Needle-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: A Novel Technique With Emerging Applications Manoop S. Bhutani, MD, Pramoda Koduru, MD, Virendra Joshi, MD, John G. Karstensen, MD, Adrian Saftoiu,
More informationMagnifying Endoscopy and Chromoendoscopy of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Magnifying Endoscopy and Chromoendoscopy of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Alina M.Boeriu 1, Daniela E.Dobru 1, Simona Mocan 2 1) Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy;
More informationHistopathology of Endoscopic Resection Specimens from Barrett's Esophagus
Histopathology of Endoscopic Resection Specimens from Barrett's Esophagus Br J Surg 38 oct. 1950 Definition of Barrett's esophagus A change in the esophageal epithelium of any length that can be recognized
More informationColorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue in
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2010;8:371 378 In Vivo Diagnosis and Classification of Colorectal Neoplasia by Chromoendoscopy-Guided Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy SILVIA SANDULEANU,* ANN DRIESSEN,
More informationPhilip Chiu Associate Professor Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Application of Chromoendoscopy, NBI and AFI in Esophagus why, who, and how? Philip Chiu Associate Professor Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Cancer of
More informationBarrett s Esophagus. Abdul Sami Khan, M.D. Gastroenterologist Aurora Healthcare Burlington, Elkhorn, Lake Geneva, WI
Barrett s Esophagus Abdul Sami Khan, M.D. Gastroenterologist Aurora Healthcare Burlington, Elkhorn, Lake Geneva, WI A 58 year-old, obese white man has had heartburn for more than 20 years. He read a magazine
More informationColon Cancer Screening with Image-Enhanced Endoscopy
FOCUSED REVIEW SERIES: Endoscopic Screening and Surveillance for Gastrointestinal Cancer Clin Endosc 2014;47:504-508 Print ISSN 2234-2400 / On-line ISSN 2234-2443 http://dx.doi.org/10.5946/ce.2014.47.6.504
More informationQuality Measures In Colonoscopy: Why Should I Care?
Quality Measures In Colonoscopy: Why Should I Care? David Greenwald, MD, FASGE Professor of Clinical Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, New York ACG/ASGE Best
More informationREPORT. McMahon Publishing Group. PENTAX Medical i-scan Technology for Improved Endoscopic Evaluations
Brought to You by MAY 2014 PENTAX Medical i-scan Technology for Improved Endoscopic Evaluations Endoscopy plays a vital role in the diagnosis and clinical management of diseases of the gastrointestinal
More informationDiagnostic values of dual focus narrow band imaging and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in FAP-related duodenal adenoma
E450 THIEME Diagnostic values of dual focus narrow band imaging and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in FAP-related duodenal adenoma Authors Rapat Pittayanon 1, Rungsun Rerknimitr 1, Boonlert
More informationQuantitative analysis of high-resolution microendoscopic images for diagnosis of neoplasia in patients with Barrett s esophagus
Washington University School of Medicine Digital Commons@Becker Open Access Publications 2016 Quantitative analysis of high-resolution microendoscopic images for diagnosis of neoplasia in patients with
More informationOptical Molecular Imaging in the Gastrointestinal Tract. * corresponding author after publication. # corresponding author for proofs
Optical Molecular Imaging in the Gastrointestinal Tract Jennifer Carns 1a#, PhD, Pelham Keahey 1b, BS, Timothy Quang 1c, BS, Sharmila Anandasabapathy 2d, MD, Rebecca Richards-Kortum 1e*, PhD * corresponding
More informationPatologia sistematica V Gastroenterologia Prof. Stefano Fiorucci. Colon polyps. Colorectal cancer
Patologia sistematica V Gastroenterologia Prof. Stefano Fiorucci Colon polyps Colorectal cancer Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine 18 Ed. 2012 Colorectal cancer 70% Colorectal cancer CRC and colon
More informationWhen is a programmed follow-up meaningful and how should it be done? Professor Alastair Watson University of Liverpool
When is a programmed follow-up meaningful and how should it be done? Professor Alastair Watson University of Liverpool Adenomas/Carcinoma Sequence Providing Time for Screening Normal 5-20 yrs 5-15 yrs
More informationGuidelines for Colonoscopy Surveillance After Screening and Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer
Guidelines for Colonoscopy Surveillance After Screening and Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer David A. Lieberman, 1 Douglas K. Rex, 2 Sidney J. Winawer,
More informationCitation for published version (APA): Wijkerslooth de Weerdesteyn, T. R. (2013). Population screening for colorectal cancer by colonoscopy
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Population screening for colorectal cancer by colonoscopy de Wijkerslooth, T.R. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Wijkerslooth de Weerdesteyn,
More informationProgram Schedule Template Monday, February 23, 2015 Time Topic 7:00 a.m. Registration and Continental Breakfast 7:30 a.m. Welcome and Introductions
Program Schedule Template Monday, February 23, 2015 7:00 a.m. Registration and Continental Breakfast 7:30 a.m. Welcome and Introductions William Sanchez, M.D., Shabana F. Pasha, M.D. and Michael F. Picco,
More informationDiagnostics guidance Published: 10 May 2017 nice.org.uk/guidance/dg28
Virtual chromoendoscopy to assess colorectal polyps during colonoscopy Diagnostics guidance Published: 10 May 2017 nice.org.uk/guidance/dg28 NICE 2017. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights
More informationWe will be announcing this year s award winner of the Yang K. Chen Fellowship Program.
Welcome to Dear Colleague, ICCU 2011 will be focused on how to improve and adapt diagnosis and therapeutic interventions with pcle. The program has been designed to build on the knowledge we have obtained
More informationINTRODUCTION. Key Words: Gastroesophageal reflux; Agreement; Experience. ORiginal Article
Gut and Liver, Vol. 8, No. 2, March 2014, pp. 154-159 ORiginal Article Endoscopic Experience Improves Interobserver Agreement in the Grading of Esophagitis by Los Angeles Classification: Conventional Endoscopy
More informationUNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY OF CRAIOVA DOCTORAL SCHOOL DOCTORAL THESIS ABSTRACT
UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY OF CRAIOVA DOCTORAL SCHOOL DOCTORAL THESIS ABSTRACT EVALUATION OF ANGIOGENESIS IN HUMAN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA BY USING EX VIVO - IN VIVO CONFOCAL LASER ENDOMICROSCOPY
More informationBarrett s Esophagus: Old Dog, New Tricks
Barrett s Esophagus: Old Dog, New Tricks Stuart Jon Spechler, M.D. Chief, Division of Gastroenterology, VA North Texas Healthcare System; Co-Director, Esophageal Diseases Center, Professor of Medicine,
More informationColonic Polyp. Najmeh Aletaha. MD
Colonic Polyp Najmeh Aletaha. MD 1 Polyps & classification 2 Colorectal cancer risk factors 3 Pathogenesis 4 Surveillance polyp of the colon refers to a protuberance into the lumen above the surrounding
More informationEndoscopic treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis: Is there something new?
Endoscopic treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis: Is there something new? Arnaud Lemmers, MD, PhD Gastroenterology Department, Erasme Hospital, ULB, Brussels BASL December 1st 2017 AGENDA Introduction
More informationTitle Description Type / Priority
Merit-based Incentive Payment system (MIPS) 2019 Qualified Clinical Data Registry (QCDR) Measure Specifications Summary Listing of QCDR measures supported by the NHCR Measure # NHCR4 NHCR5 GIQIC12 GIQIC15
More informationComparison of the Diagnostic Usefulness of Conventional Magnification and Near-focus Methods with Narrow-band Imaging for Gastric Epithelial Tumors
ORIGINAL ARTICLE ISSN 1738-3331, http://dx.doi.org/10.7704/kjhugr.2015.15.1.39 The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research, 2015;15(1):39-43 Comparison of the Diagnostic Usefulness
More informationBarrett s Esophagus Burn, Resect, Freeze, or Just Watch Strategies for Evaluation and Surveillance of Barrett s Amitabh Chak, MD OBJECTIVES: NOTES:
Speaker 1 Barrett s Esophagus Burn, Resect, Freeze, or Just Watch Strategies for Evaluation and Surveillance of Barrett s Amitabh Chak, MD 1. List the epidemiology of Barrett s esophagus. 2. Review the
More informationInterobserver Agreement of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for Bladder Cancer
Page 1 of 20 Interobserver Agreement of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for Bladder Cancer Authors: Timothy C. Chang, M.S., 1 Jen-Jane Liu, M.D., 1 Shelly T. Hsiao, B.A., 2 Ying Pan, Ph.D., 1 Kathleen E.
More informationWEO CRC SC Meeting. Barcelona, Spain October 23, 2015
WEO CRC SC Meeting Barcelona, Spain October 23, 2015 Identification of serrated polyposis syndrome in the context of population-based CRC screening programs Evelien Dekker Academic Medical Center Amsterdam,
More information