The Dairy Paradox. T Colin Campbell Professor Emeritus Nutritional Biochemistry Cornell University

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1 The Dairy Paradox T Colin Campbell Professor Emeritus Nutritional Biochemistry Cornell University 1

2 The Protein Gap Resolving childhood malnutrition TC Campbell 2

3 The Protein Gap Promoting Solving Greater malnutrition Protein Consumption? TC Campbell 3

4 A Peculiar Observation (anecdotal) The few families consuming the most protein more childhood liver cancer

5 Effect of Dietary Protein on AFB 1 - Initiated Liver Cancer (Rats) Dietary Protein (%) Animals with tumors and hyperplastic nodules 20% (regular) 5% (low) Madhavan and Gopalan, Confirmed by Wells et al, years ago

6 Effect of Dietary Protein on AFB 1 - Initiated Liver Cancer (Rats) Dietary Protein (%) 20% (regular) 5% (low) Animals with tumors and hyperplastic nodules 30/30 (100%) 0/12 (0%) Madhavan and Gopalan, Confirmed by Wells et al, years ago

7 Dietary Protein Increasing and Protein AFB 1 - Initiated Liver Increasing Cancer Cancer? (Rats) Dietary Protein (%) 20% (regular) 5% (low) Animals with tumors and hyperplastic nodules 30/30 (100%) 0/12 (0%) Madhavan and Gopalan, Confirmed by Wells et al, years ago

8 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation) PROGRESSION (Metastasis) PROMOTION (Cell Expansion) TC Campbell 8

9 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index Genetic Mutation Weeks

10 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index Genetic Mutation 5% Weeks

11 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index Genetic Mutation 20% 5% Weeks

12 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index 20% 20% Genetic Mutation Weeks

13 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index 20% 20% 5% Genetic Mutation Weeks

14 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) Cancer Index 20% 20% 5% 20% Genetic Mutation Weeks

15 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman and Campbell, J. Nutr., 1991, Nutr. Cancer, 1992) 20% Cancer Index 20% 20% 5% 5% Genetic Mutation Weeks

16 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman L. MS Thesis. Cornell, 1987) Cancer Index Genetic Mutation 20% 5% Weeks

17 High Dietary Protein and EARLY Cancer (Youngman L. MS Thesis. Cornell, 1987) Cancer Index Genetic Mutation Early Genetic Mutations Don t Disappear 5% 20% Weeks

18 Protein (Casein) Nutrition And HBV(viral)-Induced Cancer Genes! (Hu, J., Cheng, Z. Oncogene, 1997; Hepatology, 1997) TRANSGENIC

19 Protein (Casein) Nutrition And HBV(viral)-Induced Cancer Genes! (Hu, J., Cheng, Z. Oncogene, 1997; Hepatology, 1997) TRANSGENIC

20 Experimental Protein is CASEIN (Main Protein of Cow s Milk) Soy & wheat protein did not increase precancer development, even at 20% of diet calories TC Campbell 20

21 Dietary protein CONTROLS mutations caused by aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus mutations What does this say about environmental carcinogens?

22 Chemical Carcinogens Have Been Considered Main Causes Of Cancer In Food

23 Official Testing For Chemical Carcinogens % Cancer Response 10 2 Very Low 10 1 Human Exposure (what is dose-response?) ? Very High Dose of Suspect Chemical Threshold Dose of Chemical (mg/kg BW)

24 From Animal Data to Human Data? % Cancer Response Casein Increases 10 2 Cancer At Usual 10 1 Intakes ? Very High Dose of Suspect Chemical Threshold Dose of Chemical (mg/kg BW)

25 Casein, an animal-based protein, is the most relevant carcinogen ever identified TC Campbell 25

26 Experimental animal bioassay program does not provide correct answers to human cancer Campbell, T. C. Chemical carcinogens and human risk assessment. Fed. Proc. 39, (1980) A regulatory procedure costing <1% and testing thousands more environmental chemicals Campbell, T. C. A decision tree approach to the regulation of food chemicals associated with irreversible toxicities. Regulatory Tox. Pharm. (1981).

27 This Experimental animal bioassay animal program bioassay still exists, program now expanding does not (?) to effects provide on pregnancy correct answers to human cancer Campbell, T. C. Chemical carcinogens and human risk assessment. Fed. Proc. 39, (1980) Assuming that environmental carcinogens cause human cancer (virtually no evidence) A regulatory procedure costing <1% and testing thousands more environmental deflects attention away from nutrition basis for chemicals cancer in favor of genetic basis for cancer Campbell, T. C. A decision tree approach to the regulation of food chemicals associated with irreversible toxicities. Regulatory Tox. Pharm. (1981).

28 How does casein work? 1970s-1990s

29 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Diet On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) TC Campbell 29

30 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) TC Campbell 30

31 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use TC Campbell 31

32 What Mechanism Explains High Protein INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Feeding On Cancer? Reversibility! Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use TC Campbell 32

33 C MFO Enzyme * * * * * DNA GENE INITIATION (Seeding) PROTEIN EFECTS C-DNA (Damaged Gene) * Repair (Normal) EARLY CANCER * * * NK Cell (Normal) DIAGNOSED CANCER 33 PROMOTION (Growth)

34 Skim Milk and Prostate Cancer

35 MS vs. Parkinson s Disease Lux, W.E. Kurtzke J.F. Neurol. 37, , 1987

36 Brain lesions (red areas) in elderly humans, associated with higher consumption of vitamin D and calcium Science News Online. Week of June16,2007; Vol. 171, No. 24. Nutrients linked to brain lesions Janet Raloff reporting. ME Payne (Duke Univ Med Ctr)

37 Cow s Milk vs. Multiple Sclerosis

38 BREAST CANCER, per 100K R=0.82 Same with Uterine Cancer MILK CONSUMPTION, g/day Ganmaa and Sato, 2005

39 Hip Fractures, 100,000-1 Animal Protein + Ca = Cow s Milk? 39

40 Atherosclerosis, Cholesterol and Animal Protein (Clarkson S Newburgh MD, 1926) this elevation of blood cholesterol in the diet..[is]..directly referable to the excess of protein in the diet and not to its cholesterol content. 40 T Colin Campbell, Cornell

41 Casein or Soy Protein Effects on Atherosclerosis (Rabbits) Diet (# Animals) Sclerotic Severity Casein (26) 2.08 Soy (22) 0.41 Meeker & Kesten, (in Gibney and Kritchevsky, 1983) 41

42 Dietary Protein Correlates of Plasma Cholesterol (males) Cholesterol Animal Protein Plant Protein Total LDL Apo B ** *** ** ** * * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001 Female correlates, same direction, less magnitude 42

43 Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/ or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Cardiovascular Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Kidney Stones Osteoporosis Diabetes (I and II) Rheumatoid Arthritis Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Macular Degeneration Hypertension Acne Migraine Lupus Depression Alzheimer s Disease Cognitive Dysfunction Pain* *Mostly anecdotal

44 Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/ or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Cardiovascular Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Kidney Stones Osteoporosis Diabetes (I and II) Rheumatoid Arthritis Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Macular Degeneration Hypertension WFPB nutritional effect is broad *Mostly anecdotal Acne Migraine Lupus Depression Alzheimer s Disease Cognitive Dysfunction Pain*

45 Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/ or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Cardiovascular Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Kidney Stones Osteoporosis Diabetes (I and II) Rheumatoid Arthritis Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Macular Degeneration Hypertension WFPB nutritional effect is broad *Mostly anecdotal and rapid Acne Migraine Lupus Depression Alzheimer s Disease Cognitive Dysfunction Pain*

46 Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/ or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Cardiovascular Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Kidney Stones Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Macular Degeneration Hypertension WFPB nutritional effect is broad Acne Migraine Osteoporosis Lupus Diabetes if dietary (I and II) change is Depression sustained Rheumatoid Arthritis Alzheimer s Disease *Mostly anecdotal and rapid Cognitive Dysfunction Pain*

47 Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Prevents, Suspends and/ or Cures All (Peer-reviewed research findings) Cancers Cardiovascular Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Kidney Stones Obesity Erectile Dysfunction* Macular Degeneration Hypertension WFPB nutritional effect is broad Acne Migraine Osteoporosis Lupus Diabetes if dietary (I and II) change is Depression sustained Rheumatoid Arthritis Alzheimer s Disease *Mostly anecdotal and rapid WFPB treats illness and disease with no side effects Cognitive Dysfunction Pain*

48 ß-Carotene, An Unexpected Finding (NEJM, 330:1029, 1994) 29,000 male smokers (5-8 yrs follow-up) Food ß-carotene decreases lung cancer: -19%* Supplement ß-carotene increases lung cancer: +18%*

A Cell 10-100 trillion cells in our body!

49 A Cell trillion cells in our body! Finis Each cell, not visible, can easily sit on a pin head Each cell, not visible, is a micro-universe And cells can communicate with each other 41

50 Glycolysis Krebs Cycle 50 31

51 Can one reaction tell all, without side effects? Thank You 31 51

52 Can one reaction work, multiple side effects? Thank You DRUG PROTOCOL NUTRITION PROTOCOL Multiple reactions, no side effects? Known for 200+ years

53 Present System Average cost of developing a new cytotoxic chemotherapy agent $ billion (2014) For 22 different cancer types, increase in 5-year survival of 2.1%

54 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use TC Campbell 54

55 What Mechanism Explains High Protein Feeding On Cancer? INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair Precision Medicine Initiative core activity ($4.8 billion) PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use TC Campbell 55

56 What Mechanism Explains High Protein INITIATION (Mutation Phase) Feeding On Cancer? Should there be a drug for each of these mechanisms? Increases cell entry of carcinogen, increases MFO synthesis and alters MFO structure, increases binding of C+DNA (mutation), DNA repair Precision Medicine Initiative core activity ($4.8 billion) PROMOTION (Cell Expansion Phase) Lowers NK cell activity, increases cell replication, increases oxygen radicals, IGF-2, alters calorie use TC Campbell 56

57 (W)holistic Nutrition Multiple nutrients Multiple mechanisms Multiple disease reversals Multiple health improvements Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet 57 57

58 (W)holistic Nutrition This is a Multiple highly interactive, nutrients integrated, Multiple wholistic mechanisms system Multiple disease reversals Multiple health improvements Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet 58 58

59 (W)holistic Nutrition This is a Multiple highly interactive, nutrients integrated, Multiple wholistic mechanisms system Multiple disease reversals Multiple health improvements This is a wholistic system where animal protein does not determine diet choice Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet 59 59

60 REDUCTIONISM: Medicine Specific causes (chemical carcinogens, specific genes) Specific biomarkers (blood cholesterol, blood sugar) Specific diseases unique ICD codes Encourages discovery and use of specific drugs, i.e., foreign chemicals used out of context, with lots of side effects

61 Reductionist Medicine One disease, one cause, one mechanism, one drug treatment (foreign chemical, side effects) This is why wholistic nutrition is not taught in reductionist medical schools, is not a medical specialty and there is no dedicated Institute of Nutrition at NIH 61 1

62 Recently published, peer-reviewed papers (2017), all open access 62 1

63 Campbell, T. C. The past, present, and future of nutrition and cancer: Part 1-Was a nutritional association acknowledged a century ago? Nutrition and Cancer 69, (2017) 63

64 Campbell, T. C. The past, present, and future of nutrition and cancer: Part 1-Was a nutritional association acknowledged a century ago? Nutrition and Cancer 69, (2017) Campbell, T. C. Nutrition and cancer: an historical perspective--the past, present, and future of nutrition and cancer. Part 2. Misunderstanding and ignoring nutrition. Nutritional Cancer, 1-7 (2017) 64

65 Campbell, T. C. The past, present, and future of nutrition and cancer: Part 1-Was a nutritional association acknowledged a century ago? Nutrition and Cancer 69, (2017) Campbell, T. C. Nutrition and cancer: an historical perspective--the past, present, and future of nutrition and cancer. Part 2. Misunderstanding and ignoring nutrition. Nutritional Cancer, 1-7 (2017) Campbell, T. C. A plant based diet and animal protein: questioning dietary fat and considering animal protein as the main cause of heart disease. J. Geriatric Cardiol. 14, (2017) 65

66 Campbell, T. C. Nutrition renaissance and public health policy. Journ. Nutr. Biology In press (2017) 66

67 Campbell, T. C. Nutrition renaissance and public health policy. Journ. Nutr. Biology In press (2017) Campbell, T. C. Cancer prevention and treatment by wholistic nutrition. J. Nat. Sciences Oct 3(10), all: e448 (2017). 67

69 Why are you doing this to me? You re not my calf!

70 Karen L. Campbell Madame 70

71 Plant-Based Nutrition Certificate In partnership with ecornell, a subsidiary of Cornell Research-based content Continuing education credits (including CMEs) World-renowned faculty Interactive, expert instructor team Call eCornell or info@ecornell.com

72 Thank you 72

Health Maintained and Restored Begins With Nutrition

Health Maintained and Restored Begins With Nutrition T. Colin Campbell Professor Emeritus Nutritional Biochemistry Cornell University 1 1 To The Future From The Present Hi Carb:Lo Fat:Lo Prot Lo Carb:Hi