Meat examinations. Trichinella in population of wildboars in Poland. Results of examination /06/2013

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1 Activity of the Reference Laboratory for trichinellosis in Poland National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy, Poland Department of Parasitology and Invasive Disease Trichinellosis Reference Laboratory Meat examinations All slaughtered pigs, horses and hunted or farmed wild boars are tested for trichinela. Methods: Magnetic stirrer method for pooled sample digestion is used for official analysis and for private use. The trichinoscopic examination is allowed only there is no possibilities to do examination with a digestive method According to our knowledge less than 0,1% of samples examined with trichinoscopic method PhD Różycki Mirosław Results of examination 2012 Species Examined animals Trichinella Positive Pigs Private ,00005 Official Total Wild boar Private ,27 Official Total Horses Private Official Total % Trichinella in population of wildboars in Poland Obtained meat samples 204 Trichinella positive 204 PCR positive 184 (90%) Trichinella spiralis 150 / 65,5% Trichinella britovi 43 / 21 % T.spiralis/T.britovi 7 Wildboars sera Obtained samples Trichinella positive

2 Pigs ELISA (targeted sampling) 2012 obtained sera negative 1 positive Wagrowiec I Wągrowiec II Wągowiec II 24 - negative 1 - positive 35 - negative 6 - negative 2

3 PCR In our laboratory for genus identification used 15 positive samples from pigs and 381 from wild boars. In Multiplex PCR T. spiralis was found in all samples from pigs. Results obtained by examination of samples from wild boars shown occurrence of T. spiralis in 75%, T. britovi in 24% and in 1% coinfection T.spiralis- T.britovi was found. Number of samples used for genus identification T. spiralis T. britovi Coinfection T. spiralis T. britovi Pigs % - - Wild boars % 24% 1% - T. britovi in wild boar. - T. spiralis in wild boar 3

4 - Mixed infections T. spiralis and T. britovi. Epidemiological status of Trichinella in population of red foxes in Poland In 2010 in Poland, a program to monitor the prevalence of Trichinella spp. in the red fox population was launched. After two years, Trichinella spp. larvae were detected in 44 (2.7%) out of 1,634 tested foxes. The number of larvae per g of muscle ranged from 0.02 to 0.6 (median 0.12 larvae/g). Trichinella spp. larvae from 41 (93.2%) foxes were successfully identified at the species level. T. britovi larvae were detected in 31 foxes (75.6%), T. spiralis in eight foxes (19.5%), T. nativa in one fox (2.4%), and a mixed T. britovi/t. spiralis infection in one fox (2.4%). Map of Germany and Poland showing the geographical origin of Trichinella infected red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Open square, Trichinella spiralis; open triangle, Trichinella nativa; open circle, Trichinella britovi; open cross, Trichinella pseudospiralis; filled circle, T. britovi/t. spiralis mixed infection; filled triangle, T. nativa/t. spiralis mixed infection; and filled cross, T. pseudospiralis/t. spiralis mixed infection. The geographical origin in Germany is based on the geographical identification system data of the locality where the fox was hunted. The geographical origin in Poland is based only on the province of the fox origin. German federal states: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, MV; Berlin, BE, Brandenburg, BB; Hessen, HE; Thuringia, TH; Saxony, SN; Baden-Württemberg, BW. Polish provinces: Lover Silesia, LS; Lubusz, LUV; Łódź, LV; Małopolska, ML; Mazovian, MZ; Opole, O; Podkarpacie, PK; Podlasie Province, PP; Świętokrzyskie, SP; Warmia-Masuria, WMP; Greater Poland, GP; West Pomeranian, WP; Lublin, LBP; Pomeranian, POV. Acknowledgements We are very grateful to the personnel of the Polish district laboratories (ZHW) and local laboratories of the German Federal States who collected the fox samples for the investigation. The work in Rome was in part supported by the DG SANCO of the European Commission. Provinces N. of Trichinella sp. infected/sampled foxes (%) T. spiralis T. nativa T. britovi T. spiralis and T. britovi Lover Silesia (LS) 0/ Lubusz (LUV) 5 a /104 (4.8) Łódź (LV) 1/36 (2.8) Małopolska (Ml) 2/26 (7.7) Mazovian (Mz) 2/83 (2.4) Opole (O) 2 a /55 (3.6) Podkarpacie (PK) 2/141 (1.4) Podlasie Province (PP) 4/28 (14.3) Świętokrzyskie (SP) 3 a /383 (0.8) Warmia-Masuria (WMP) 14/400 (3.5) Greater Poland (GP) 3/100 (3.0) West Pomeranian (WP) 2/137 (1.5) Lublin (LBP) 1/61 (1.6) Pomeranian (POV) 3/10 (30) Total 44/1634 (2.7) Prevalence of Trichinella spp. infection in foxes (Vulpes vulpes) of Polish provinces in the years

5 Thank you for your attention ACKNOWLEDGMENT 5