Name Date Class. The Immune System. In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question.

Transcription

1 Chapter Test A CHAPTER 37 The Immune System Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question 1 Which is an infectious disease? A asthma B cancer C diabetes D flu 2 Which pathogen causes Lyme disease? A bacteria B fungus C protozoan D virus 3 Which is an example of a pandemic? A several hundred people in a town infected with the same flu B ten percent of people in Saharan African countries with HIV C troop of boy scouts contracting Giardia from infected water D twelve million American citizens with some form of cancer Part B: Matching and Completion Matching Set 1 Write the letter of the correct scientist on the line next to the description of the scientist s accomplishment Answers may be used only once 1 proved that microorganisms in the air could grow in a nutrient solution 2 one of two scientists who discovered AIDS 3 discovered a vaccination for the disease smallpox Matching Set 2 Write the letter of the correct phrase on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once 4 a type of white blood cell 5 makes an antibody for a pathogen in the body 6 would destroy a harmful bacterium in the body A Jenner B Montagnier C Pasteur A B cell B cytotoxic T cell C lymphocyte 7 reduces the chances of a future infection by the same pathogen D memory cell 206 The Immune System CHAPTER 37 Unit 9

2 Chapter Test A CONTINUED Completion Place a check in the correct box to identify each disease as either degenerative, genetic, or inflammatory Specific Disease Degenerative Disease Genetic Disease Inflammatory Disease 8 Allergies 9 Arteriosclerosis 10 Hardening of the arteries 11 Sickle-cell disease Part C: Interpreting Graphs Use Figure 1 to respond to the following question 1 Interpret What do the data show about the effectiveness of the drug penicillin in the treatment of the infectious disease gonorrhea? Use Figure 2 to respond to the following statement 2 Compare and contrast the primary anti-x response with the secondary anti-x response Consider how long it took for each response to occur, the magnitude of each response, and the length of time each response lasted Figure 1 Figure 2 Unit 9 CHAPTER 37 The Immune System 207

3 Chapter Test A CONTINUED Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 List two of the four experimental postulates known as Koch s postulates 2 Differentiate between a human reservoir and a human carrier 3 Define immunization Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each question and statement in the space provided 1 Apply Based on your knowledge of immunity, what steps can you take to avoid contracting West Nile Virus? Include the terms vector and pathogen in your discussion 2 Infer the effect on a person whose body lost the ability to produce the enzyme lysosome 208 The Immune System CHAPTER 37 Unit 9

4 Chapter Test B CHAPTER 37 The Immune System Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which pathogen causes malaria? A mosquito B sporozoan C tick D virus 2 What is the vector for Lyme disease? A bacterium B mosquito C tick D virus 3 A disease reservoir is a A host for a disease pathogen B host of the vector of a disease C source of a pathogen in the environment D source of a vector in the environment 4 Which is an example of an endemic disease? A common cold infecting the majority of Americans each winter B several hundred people in a small town infected with the same flu C ten percent of people in Saharan African countries with HIV D troop of boy scouts contracting Giardia from infected water 5 During anaphylactic shock, a person would experience A a coma-like state B a fever and chills C arthritic symptoms D difficulty breathing Part B: Matching and Completion Matching Set 1 Write the letter of the correct scientist on the line next to the description of the scientist s accomplishment Answers may be used only once or not at all 1 designed experiments to prove that microorganisms in the air could contaminate and grow in a broth 2 developed experimental guidelines for determining the microorganism that causes a specific disease A Hahn B Koch C Jenner 3 one of two scientists who discovered AIDS 4 discovered that patients vaccinated with a cowpox virus were immune to the disease smallpox D Montagnier E Pasteur Unit 9 CHAPTER 37 The Immune System 209

5 Chapter Test B CONTINUED Matching Set 2 Write the letter of the correct phrase on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once or not at all 5 arteriosclerosis 6 caused when a pathogen is passed between organisms 7 sickle-cell disease 8 an abnormal response by the body to environmental antigens 9 uncontrolled cell division occurring in the body Completion Write the term or phrase that best completes each statement A cancer B degenerative disease C genetic disease D infectious disease E inflammatory diseas F metabolic disease 10 The body s initial barrier protecting against the invasion of microorganisms is the 11 Proteins produced by B lymphocytes that specifically react with a foreign antigen are called 12 is a disease that causes the immune system to fail and has become a worldwide health problem Part C: Interpreting Graphs Use Figure 1 to respond to each question 1 Interpret What do the data show about the effectiveness of the drug penicillin in the treatment of the infectious disease gonorrhea? 2 Speculate What was the percentage of penicillin-resistant gonorrhea strains recorded in the year 1970? Explain Figure The Immune System CHAPTER 37 Unit 9

6 Chapter Test B CONTINUED Use Figure 2 to respond to the following statement 3 Compare and contrast the primary anti-x response with the secondary anti-x response Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided Figure 2 1 List three of the four experimental postulates known as Koch s postulates 2 Infer the effect on a person whose body lost the ability to produce lysozymes, mucus, and hydrochloric acid Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each question and statement in the space provided 1 Apply Based on your knowledge of immunity, what strategies could you use to prevent an infection from the common cold? 2 A bowl of peanuts sits on a kitchen countertop It is spring, and a breeze carries particles into the kitchen from outside A dog wanders into the kitchen and lies on a pillow in the corner Identify the potential allergens and the source of each allergen Unit 9 CHAPTER 37 The Immune System 211

7 Chapter Test C CHAPTER 37 The Immune System Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which describes the cause of an infectious disease? A a pathogen that causes the immune system to fail B a pathogen that disrupts the body s homeostasis C a vector that causes the immune system to fail D a vector that disrupts the body s homeostasis 2 Which is a carrier of athlete s foot disease? A a person with the disease who does not have symptoms B a shower floor containing the infectious fungus C the environmental location where the fungus originated D the type of fungus that causes the disease 3 Which disease cannot be treated with an antibiotic? A giardia B gonorrhea C influenza D strep throat Part B: Completion 4 Which is the cause for an interferon in the body? A chicken pox virus B complement protein C spinal meningitis bacteria D white blood cell 5 Lymphocytes are produced in the A spleen B tonsils C lymph nodes D red bone marrow 6 Which is the immunization for tetanus? A DPT B HBV C HIB D MMR Write the term or phrase that best completes each statement 1 Soil containing the bacteria known to cause tetanus is called a(n) 2 The annual outbreak of the flu disease during the winter months is referred to as a(n) 212 The Immune System CHAPTER 37 Unit 9

8 Chapter Test C CONTINUED 3 A complex series of events involving immune cells and chemicals to enhance the body s immune system is called a(n) 4 A macrophage attacking a sporozoan in the bloodstream is an example of the process of 5 An example of a disease caused by both genetic and environmental factors is 6 After a person who has an allergy to animal dander handles a cat, his or her body produces the chemical Part C: Interpreting Graphs Use Figure 1 to respond to each question 1 Interpret What do the data show about the effectiveness of the drug penicillin in the treatment of the infectious disease gonorrhea? 2 Hypothesize Why might the percentage of recorded penicillin-resistant gonorrhea strains significantly decline by the year 2010? Explain the reasons for your hypothesis Use Figure 2 to respond to the following statement 3 Analyze the data from the graph to explain why the varicella immunization is an effective preventive measure to take against chicken pox Figure 1 Figure 2 Unit 9 CHAPTER 37 The Immune System 213

9 Chapter Test C CONTINUED Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Infer the effect on a person whose body lost the ability to produce the primary chemical defenses of the body 2 Contrast the following noninfectious disorders: genetic disease, degenerative disease, metabolic disease, cancer, inflammatory disease Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Infer the precautions you could take to avoid contact with the vectors for Lyme disease and West Nile virus 2 Describe A peanut butter and jelly sandwich sits on a kitchen countertop next to an open window It is spring, and a breeze carries particles into the kitchen from outside A dog wanders into the kitchen and lies on a pillow in the corner Identify the potential allergens and the source of each allergen 3 Infer a preventative measure you could take to limit a person s exposure to each allergen in the scenario in question The Immune System CHAPTER 37 Unit 9