2008 International ANSYS Conference

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1 2008 International ANSYS Conference Simulation of Mandible Biomechanics after Fixation of Subcondylar Fractures Dana Coombs Analytical Engineer Synthes USA 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2 Outline Clinical background Implant design criterion Major muscles of mastication Implant concepts Simulation Geometry preparation Mesh Boundary conditions Contact definition Materials properties Results Strain on mandible Implant stresses Fracture contact pressure Bite location effect Discussion and conclusion 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

3 Clinical Background Subcondylar fractures Common traumatic injury of the mandible Standard treatment is Internal Rigid Fixation Fractures must be reduced with boney contact Fixation must be rigid Implants must also fit into and around anatomy 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

4 Implant Design Criterion Implant design must meet biomechanical loading Understanding biomechanics of mastication Photoelastic analysis of bone deformation in the region of the mandibular condyle during mastication, Christophe Meyer, Jean-Luc Kahn, Philippe Boutemi, Astrid Wilk Analysis of complications in fractures of the mandibular angle a study with finite element computation and evaluation of data of 277 patients, Kay-Uwe Feller, Matthias Schneider, Matthias Hlawitscka, Gunter Pfeifer, Gunter Lauer, Uwe Eckelt 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

5 Major Muscles of Mastication Anterior Bundle Temporal Muscles (AT) Posterior Bundle Temporal Muscles (PT) Masseter Muscles (M) Medial Pterygoid Muscles (MP) Lateral Pterygoid Muscles (LP) Depressor Muscles (L) 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

6 Implant Concepts Ladder plate Medartis plate (competitive) DCP plate (existing solution) 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

7 Geometry Preparation Mandible surface model from Pro/ENGINEER ANSYS DesignModeler Surface regions for muscle attachments Coordinate systems for muscle force direction 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

8 Mesh Default mesh on mandible Mesh convergence performed on implants 1400 Mesh Convergence Max VM Stress - Implant (Mpa) Ladder Plate Medartis Plate DCP Plate Refinement Iteration 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

9 Boundary Conditions Muscle forces based on literature 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

10 Boundary Conditions TMJ represented as a remote displacement Bite constraint in Y direction TMJ Right: Constrained About CSYS Center All Rotations Free All Translations Fixed TMJ Left: Constrained About CSYS Center All Rotations Free Z and Y Translation Fixed, X Translation Free Bite: Constrained Relative to Global Y Translation Fixed 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

11 Contact Definition Bonded contact to bone and plate Frictionless augmented lagrange at osteotomy 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

12 Material Properties Bone modelled as isotropic, homogeneous material based on literature for cortical bone All plate implants modelled with grade 2 commercially pure titanium All screw implants modelled as titanium- 6%aluminum-7%Niobium (TAN) 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

13 Results Validation Strain on Mandible Molar Reaction = 1542N, Literature = 1411N 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

14 Results Implant Stress with and without fracture contact Larger bending without contact 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

15 Results Maximum principal stress 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

16 Results Fracture contact pressure 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

17 Results Bite location effect 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

18 Discussion Loading is primarily bending and torsion Ladder plate best supports both loading conditions Location of bite affects stresses 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

19 Conclusions Simulation of mandible biomechanics provides insights in plate loading and stresses Different plate designs can be compared Ladder style is best of three designs Plates can be optimized for loading conditions Different biting configurations affect stresses Plates can not support full bite forces Post-op patient restrictions 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

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