CLEARVIEW HOSPITAL SERVICES

Transcription

1 INFORMATION SOURCE 2 DIABETES Informational Packet for Patients and Families CLEARVIEW HOSPITAL SERVICES Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 1

2 Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 1

3 Sick Day Guidelines For Persons Who Take Diabetes Medication Minor illnesses such as a cold or the flu raise the blood sugar of a person with diabetes. There may be times when you are sick and cannot eat solid food. The following are guidelines to follow on sick days to help control your blood sugar level. 1. DO NOT STOP TAKING YOUR INSULIN OR ORAL MEDICATION. During illness your blood sugar will increase causing a greater than normal need for insulin. 2. Test your blood sugar and your urine for ketones every four hours. Keep a record. High blood sugar results are often accompanied by signs which include: increased thirst, frequent urination, weakness, blurry vision, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting. If your urine contains ketones or if your blood sugar is high, call your doctor. 3. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration (examples: coffee, tea, broth). 4. Eat carbohydrates. Often an illness will cause you to lose your appetite. However, to help you recover and prevent low blood sugar, you must eat some food. If you are too ill to follow your regular meal pattern and/or cannot tolerate solid food, sip liquids which contain sugar throughout the day (one-half cup every half hour). Call your doctor or go to an emergency room if you are unable to keep down food or sweetened beverages. As soon as you are able, use your meal pattern to plan breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks. The following suggestions may help you select foods to eat when you are sick: Milk Group Eggnog Plain yogurt Sugar-free pudding Sweetened custard Serving Size Equal to One Milk 1 cup Starch Group Serving Size Equal to One Starch Bread/toast 1 slice Cooked cereal Ice cream Mashed potatoes Popsicle 1 Saltine crackers 6 squares Sherbet ¼ cup Soup 1 cup Sweetened gelatin Vanilla wafers 6 Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 2

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5 Fruit Group Applesauce, unsweetened Banana Honey Juices: apple, grapefruit, orange, pineapple, cranberry, grape, prune Popsicle Sweetened soda pop Serving Size Equal to One Fruit ½ 2 tsp. ¼ cup ½ If tolerated, include meat servings such as scrambled eggs, soft cooked eggs, cottage cheese, lean meats or baked chicken. Fat servings may be eaten if you want them. Sample Menu Breakfast: Lunch: Dinner: Bedtime Snack: oatmeal 1 slice toast apple juice coffee, tea 1 cup soup 6 saltine crackers sweetened gelatin soda pop 1 cup chicken broth 6 saltine crackers applesauce, unsweetened ice cream 6 vanilla wafers sweetened custard 2 graham cracker squares soda pop Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 4

6 DIABETES PATIENT EDUCATION CLASSES FOR: LOCATION: FOR MORE INFORMATION: Patients and their families and/or friends Room 203 in the Main Building Diabetes Education Ask Operator to page OFFICE: NUTRITION SERVICES: MONDAY: 10:00 AM - 11:30 AM DIABETES MELLITUS What is Diabetes? How is it managed? Urine Testing Long Term Complications Hypertension Retinopathy Films Slides Lecture 1:1 Instruction TUESDAY: 10:00 AM - 11:30 AM USE OF INSULIN AND ORAL AGENTS Slides HOME BLOOD SUGAR MONITORING Lecture- WEDNESDAY: 10:00 AM - 11:30 AM DIET Introduction to the Diet for Diabetes Meal Planning Using Food Groups Food Purchasing Dining Out THURSDAY: 10:00 AM - 11:30 AM TOPICS Treatment Low Blood Sugar Exercise and Diet Sick Day Menu Travel Use of Alcohol FRIDAY: 10:00 AM - 11:30 AM ACUTE EMERGENCIES Ketoacidosis Hypoglycemia Travel Foot Care Complications, Chronic Slides Lecture 1:1 Slides Lecture 1:1 Film Lecture 1:1 Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 5

7 COMPARISON OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HYPO AND HYPER GLYCEMIA HYPERGLYCEMIA - HYPOGLYCEMIA - HIGH BLOOD SUGAR LOW BLOOD SUGAR 1. Slow onset days - weeks - months 1. Sudden onset - minutes 2. Skin flushed - dry - hot 2. Skin - cold - pale - wet 3. Blood Sugar Elevated 3. Blood Sugar 60 mgm or lower Urine check Positive for Sugar Urine check Negative for sugar and possible Acetone 4. Thirst 4. Pounding heart beat 5. Excessive urine especially at night 5. Weakness 6. Blurred vision - difficulty focus 6. Hunger - extreme 7. Itching skin 7. Dull headache 8. Tired 9. Headache Sudden change in disposition As blood sugar gets higher, onset of flu like symptoms 8. Anxiety 9. Irritable - hostile 10. Crying or emotional liable 10. Nausea - vomiting 11. Nausea - but no vomiting 11. Joint pain 12. Double vision 12. Abdominal Pain 13. Drunk - not making sense 13. Diarrhea 14. Numbness about mouth 14. Rapid breathing 15. Loss of concentration 15. Odor of Acetone on breath 16. Person can think but not act 16. Stupor - sleeping lots 17. Loss of consciousness 17. Coma 18. Seizures 18. Death 19. Coma 20. Death NOTE: If a diabetic becomes unconscious, treat for low blood sugar always. Extra sugar will not harm patient and it may save life. Appendix Information Source 2 A 2 6

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