EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL INTERVAL ENDURANCE TRAINING PROGRAMME ON CARDIO-RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE AND MUSCULAR ENDURANCE OF TRIPURA CRICKETERS

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1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJCET) International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN (Print), ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp IAEME: Journal Impact Factor (2014): (Calculated by GISI) IJCET I A E M E EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL INTERVAL ENDURANCE TRAINING PROGRAMME ON CARDIO-RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE AND MUSCULAR ENDURANCE OF TRIPURA CRICKETERS Dr. Deepak Kumar Dogra Director (Operation), Laxmibai Sports Education & Welfare Society, New Delhi (INDIA) ABSTRACT To examine the effectiveness of 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among selected Tripura cricketers. Pre test post test randomized group design were undertaken for the present study which consist of an experimental group and control group. Equal number of subjects (n= 30) were assigned randomly to both the groups. The experimental group was exposed to 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme whereas, no treatment was given to control group. For the purpose of the present research work a total of 60 cricketers were randomly selected for the present research work. Cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular endurance was selected as a dependent variable and 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme was considered as an independent variable. The data was analyzed by applying analysis of co-variance and post hoc test was used to draw appropriate conclusions and to find out the effect of 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance variables among selected Tripura cricketers. The significance level was set at The results indicated that there was significant difference found in experimental group selected Tripura state cricketers on cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular endurance variables in comparison to control group. The findings of this study showed that 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme was an effective training tool to improve a cricketers cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance abilities. Keywords: Functional, interval, training, cardio-respiratory, and muscular endurance 27

2 INTRODUCTION The primary goal of functional training is to transfer improvement achieve in one movement to enhancing the performance of another movement by affecting the entire neuromuscular system. Functional training is a method of training that is based on preparing the body for real-world challenges such as balance, stability, turning, bending, and lifting. Doing this ensures that the nervous system is working properly and that all parts of the body are used in the appropriate manner with the correct muscles firing at the right time, functional exercises are usually trained in upright positions and involve movements in multiple planes of motion simultaneously just like in sport (i.e. cricket, football, volleyball, athletics, etc.). Furthermore, a cricket-running program should be developing in accordance with the demands of cricket game. The running program should develop cricket-specific endurance using cricket-related skills. Endurance as related to cricket is the ability to sustain maximum speed, agility, and power on each play for an entire game. You want to be as fresh on the last play as you were on the first. While endurance can be limited due to either a neuromuscular or a cardiovascular factor, the limiting factor of endurance for cricket is neuromuscular fatigue rather than cardiovascular failure. Therefore, building an aerobic base is not necessary for cricket endurance. Furthermore, scientific research shows that long, slow distance running causes an athlete s muscles to take on aerobic characteristics. This effect may be desirable for a long-distance runner, but it is counterproductive in developing the explosive, powerful muscle contractions needed for sports specific demands (Michael et. al. 2009). Oliver et. al. (2009) examined the effect of functional balance training on women volleyball players. They found improvement in the fitness level. They recommended that functional balance activity are cost effective and should be added to any form of strength and conditioning program in an attempt to enhancing the programs effectiveness and to develop functional postural activation will not only assist with functional performance, but also in the prevention of injury. The second reason to utilize aerobic training is it's also a good recovery tool. Aerobic fitness work can also used in a manner that allows your body to recover from game or training situations. Even just to give the body a break from the intensity of anaerobic training. Aerobic training in this way assists in the removal of waste products produced from anaerobic training aiding the recovery process. By completing a low intensity, longer lasting physical session sometimes called an active recovery session sparks up the immune system to speed up the regeneration process. Cricketers underestimate the importance of this training point and the majority of you would never have heard of this fact (David, 2009). In wrapping up, please remember that your anaerobic system is going to be your dominant fitness training focus. However if you don't factor in other forms of physical fitness training you could be setting yourself up for a range of negative outcomes i.e., injury, sickness, lethargy and a lack of motivation. All of these factors will affect your fitness negatively and in turn your cricket performances. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among selected Tripura cricketers in order to develop more efficient training methods. METHODOLOGY A total of 60 Ranji and Under 22 Cricketers were randomly selected for the present research work and these entire subjects had represented Tripura Cricket Association (Affiliated to BCCI) in several national tournaments respectively. For the present the study pre test post test randomized group design which consist of experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). Equal numbers of subjects were assigned randomly to both the groups. One group served as 28

3 experimental group A on which treatment was assigned. The other group served as the control group. The age of the subjects were ranging from 19 years to 31 years. The average age was being 25years. Cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance was selected as a dependent variable and functional interval endurance training programme were considered as independent variable. Cardio-respiratory endurance was recorded in meters rounded off meter by using 200mts track along with distance markers. However, muscular endurance was recorded in maximum repetitions performed in one minute by using electronic digital stop watch (Casio 100-lap). To test cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance of Tripura cricketers, 12 minute run test and one minute sit ups test were respectively administrated. The treatment was administrated three times a week on experimental group at M.B.B. Stadium at Agartala for period of 12 weeks (84 days) while the control group underwent general training and regular cricket practice. Before the administration of functional interval endurance training programme, the 12 minute run and one minute sit ups tests were administrated at same venue on both the groups namely experimental group and control group respectively to collect pre test data. After the completion of 12 weeks of functional interval endurance training again the same 12 minute run test was conducted to collect the post training data. Analysis of Co-variance and Post hoc test were computed to analyze the data and the significance level was set at FINDINGS The findings of the study are given below: Table No. 1.0: Analysis of Covariance on the Data of Cardio-respiratory Endurance (12Minute Run Test) and Muscular Endurance (One Minute Sit Ups Test) among Selected Groups Source of Variance Group Means Experimental Control Sum of Squares Df Mean Sum of Square F Pre Test Means (Cardio-respiratory Post Test Means (Cardio-respiratory B = W = B = W = B = W = B= W = * 38.40* Adjusted Post Test Means (Cardiorespiratory W = W = 57 B= W = * Pre Test Means (Muscular Post Test Means (Muscular Adjusted Post Test Means (Muscular B = W = B = 5.40 W = B = W = N = 30 B = Between Group Variance *Significant at 0.05 level. F 0.05 (1, 57) df = 4.00 W = Within Group Variance W = 57 B = W = B= 5.40 W = B= W = * * 29

4 Table no. 1.0 highlights the result of analysis of covariance of functional interval endurance training programme on cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among experimental group and control group differs significantly, as obtained F value of cardio respiratory endurance (225.03) and muscular endurance (67.55) for adjusted post test means was significantly higher than the tabulated value of 4.00 at 0.05 level. The 'Post hoc' test was applied as an extension of analysis of covariance to find out the paired mean significant difference between adjusted group post test means. The findings related this are presented in table no Table No. 1.1: Adjusted Post Test Means and Difference Between Means of Experimental and Control Group of Cardio-respiratory Endurance (12 Minute Run Test) and Muscular Endurance (One Minute Sit Ups Test) Variable Cardio-respiratory Endurance Muscular Endurance *Significant at 0.05 level. Adjusted Post Test Mean Post Experimental Post Control Mean Difference Critical Difference * * 1.36 Table 1.1 indicates that the specific interval endurance programme induced to experimental group A selected Tripura state cricketers on cardio respiratory endurance variable was found statistically significant in comparison to control group B, since the critical difference (44.12) is higher than the difference between the group mean (301.95*), as shown in table above. The graphical representation of the paired adjusted final means of experimental and control group for cadio-respiratory endurance (12 minute run test) and muscular endurance (one minute sit ups test) are presented in figures (i.e.,1.0 & 1.1). Figure 1.0 Graphical Representation of Paired Adjusted Post Test Mean Differences on Cardio-respiratory Endurance (12 Minute Run Test) among Selected Groups Figure 1.1 Graphical Representation of Paired Adjusted Post Test Mean Differences on Muscular Endurance (One Minute Sit Ups Test) among Selected Groups EXPERIMENTAL GROUP - A CONTROL GROUP - B EXPERIMENTAL GROUP - A CONTROL GROUP - B ADJESTED POST TEST MEAN (CARDIO-RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE) ADJESTED POST TEST MEAN (MUSCULAR ENDURANCE) DISCUSSION The facts could be the reason for highly significant group differences results, as in the experimental group cricketers practiced the cricket functional endurance drills with gears for 12 weeks to develop cardio respiratory and muscular endurance variable (i.e., Duration 3min; 2min and 1 min shuttle drill having Target distance 20 meters; Sets 3 to 5; Recovery between the repetitions 30 to 35 seconds; Recovery between the sets 45 to 60 seconds; Intensity 71-80% 30

5 and Training method Intensive Interval. In this functional conditioning program, the session training load and intensities were increased progressively after every two weeks (such as 3 rd ; 5 th ; 7 th ; 9 th &11 th week respectively). However, control group underwent their general training and regular cricket practice. Newton et. al. (2011) studied the effects of stair climbing on selected endurance parameters such as, cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among football players and the result of this study reported that the stair climbing programme improves cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among football players as compared to control group. Moreover, Rosch et. al. (2000) examined that the effectiveness of functional training on football performance. They founded that flexibility, power, speed, endurance and football skills improved after functional training. Weiss et al. (2010) also indicated similar results in 7-weeks of functional training on fitness abilities outcomes in young adults. Further, Shaik et. al. (2011) observed a significant improvement of physical fitness components (speed, endurance, muscular endurance, strength, explosive power, flexibility and agility). This study suggested the similar facts that functional training exercises could serve as an alternative and potentially more creative method for improving sports performance in sports persons. CONCLUSION The results indicated that there was a significant improvement had exhibited by experimental group Tripura cricketers on cardio respiratory endurance and muscular variable in comparison to control group selected subjects had shown no significant improvement in same variable. The findings of this study showed that 12 week functional interval endurance training programme was an effective training tool to improve a cricketer s cardio respiratory endurance and muscular ability. REFERENCES 1. David, V. (2009). How three types of fitness training will both improve and compliment your cricket fitness. Cited in 2. Michael, A. & Bryan, Bailey. (2009). Conditioning : Complete conditioning for football. Human kinetic. 3. Newton, S. & Senthilvelan, S. (2011). Effect of stair climbing on selected endurance parameters among football players. Journal of Experimental Sciences. 2: 5 4. Oliver, G. D. & Brezzo, R. (2009). Functional balance training in collegiate women athletes. Journal of Strength Conditioning Research. 7: Shaikh, A. & Mondal, S. (2012). Effect of functional training on physical fitness components on college male students-a pilot study. Journal of Humanities and Social Science.1: (2): Rosch et al. (2000). Assessment and evaluation of football performance. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 28: (5): Weiss et al. (2010). Effect of functional training resistance training on muscular fitness outcomes in young adults. Jour Ex Erc Sci Fit. 2: Dr. K. Devaraju, Impact of Plyometric Training on Selected Physical Fitness Variables Among Ball Badminton Players International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering & Technology (IJARET), Volume 5, Issue 2, 2014, pp , ISSN Print: , ISSN Online: Vilas Naik, Prasanna Patil and Vishwanath Chikaraddi, Action Event Retrieval From Cricket Video Using Audio Energy Feature For Event Summarization International journal of Computer Engineering & Technology (IJCET), Volume 4, Issue 4, 2013, pp , ISSN Print: , ISSN Online:

Effect of Functional Training on Physical Fitness Components on College Male Students-A Pilot Study

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSRJHSS) ISSN: 2279-0845 Volume 1, Issue 2 (Sep.-Oct. 2012), PP 01-05 Effect of Functional Training on Physical Fitness Components on College Male Students-A