1. Types of Cardiac Arrhythmia

Transcription

1 Defibrillators

2 Structure 1. Types of Cardiac Arrhythmia 2. Modes and Waves 3. Evolution 4. external Defibrillator I. Structure & Function II. Sequence of Operation 5. Internal Defibrillator I. Short-Term Electrodes II. Long-term Implanted Defibrillator (ICD) 6. Future Prospects 7. Summary 8. Sources

3 1. Types of Cardiac Arrhythmia Defibrillation is a treatment method against the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation. Strong current pulses restore normal heart activity.

4 2. Modes and Waves Modes: defibrillation against ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation cardioversion against atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation Waveforms: monophasic Current runs between paddle only in one direction (200J) biphasic technical further development of the monophasic form, current changes the direction (120J-150J)

5 3. Evolution In 40 AD, current pulses of eels were used to treat patients in 1744, the effect of electric current on the body was explored In 1888, Prevost and Batelli started experiments on dogs. They caused ventricular fibrillation and terminate it with current pulses In 1946, the first defibrillation at the open heart 1956 Paul Zoll performed the first external defibrillation In 1969 Mirowski introduced the first model of an implantable automatic defibrillator In 1980, it was first implanted into a human being

6 4. external Defibrillator Manual defibrillator used in emergency services Semi automatic defibrillator defibrillation recommendation is displayed and the user triggers pulse output Automatic external defibrillator (AED) layperson defibrillator automatic ECG can be found in all public rooms newer devices also support users in heart pressure massage Completely automatic defibrillator solves the defibrillation itself

7 I. Structure & Function HeartSine samaritan PAD Automatic external defibrillator Anyone can use this defibrillator Step by step instructions by voice and lamps Waveforms: biphasic Modes: cardioversion and defibrillation

8 II. Sequence of Operation 1. Affected person must be unconscious and don t breath anymore 2. Device reminds you to call the emergency physician 3. Glue the adhesive electrodes as shown on the body 4. The device measures the electrocardiogram 5. in case of a cardiac arrhythmia, an electric shock will be prepared press the orange button, to trigger the shock (no body contact!) 6. heart pressure massage 7. If necessary, another electrical impulse

9 5. Internal Defibrillator

10 I. Short-Term Electrodes Spoon-electrodes Catheter electrode

11 II. Long-Term Imp. Defibrillators Systems: One-chamber system Two-chamber system Three-chamber system Functions: Pacing antitachycarde Pacing ATP cardioversion defibrillation

12 6. Future Prospects More defibrillators in public more cost-effectively Networking energy retention and durability

13 7. Summary

14 8. Literary Sources B. Hug, R. Haag: Hochfrequenzchirurgie, in: Medizintechnik. Verfahren Systeme - Informationsverarbeitung, hrsg. v. Rüdiger Kramme, 2011, S Adolf Faller, Michael Schünke: Der Körper des Menschen, Einführung in Bau und Funktion, 17. Auflage

15 8. Image Sources B. Hug, R. Haag: Hochfrequenzchirurgie, in: Medizintechnik. Verfahren Systeme - Informationsverarbeitung, hrsg. v. Rüdiger Kramme, 2011, S