Friday 16 June 2017 Morning

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1 Oxford Cambridge and RSA F Friday 16 June 2017 Morning GCSE GATEWAY SCIENCE BIOLOGY B B732/01 Biology modules B4, B5, B6 (Foundation Tier) * * Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator may be used for this paper. OCR supplied materials: None Other materials required: Pencil Ruler (cm/mm) Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes * B * INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes above. Please write clearly and in capital letters. Use black ink. HB pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. Answer all the questions. Read each question carefully. Make sure you know what you have to do before starting your answer. Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If additional space is required, you should use the lined page(s) at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) must be clearly shown. Do not write in the barcodes. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The quality of written communication is assessed in questions marked with a pencil ( ). The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 85. This document consists of 28 pages. Any blank pages are indicated. [L/601/7588] DC (KN/SW) /3 R OCR is an exempt Charity Turn over

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3 3 Answer all the questions. SECTION A Module B4 1 Look at the equation for a process that occurs in plants. (light energy) carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen (chlorophyll) (a) What is the name of the process shown in the equation?... [1] (b) Carbon dioxide and water enter a plant at different points. Finish these sentences to show where water and carbon dioxide enter plants. Water enters a plant through the.... Carbon dioxide enters a plant through the.... [2] (c) Josh investigates how oxygen levels change in a pond. He uses a probe to measure the levels of oxygen in the pond at different times of the day. The graph shows his results. oxygen levels early morning early evening early morning The pond is full of plant life. Use the equation to explain the pattern in the graph.... [2] Turn over

4 2 Mia investigates the effect of two liquids on animal cells. She puts 5 cm 3 of distilled water into test tube A. She puts 5 cm 3 of concentrated salt solution into test tube B. Mia then adds 3 drops of blood to each of the test tubes. 4 She records the appearance of the test tubes as soon as the blood is added and then again after 2 minutes. Here is her results table. Test tube Contents Appearance at start Appearance after two minutes A distilled water and blood cloudy clear red liquid B concentrated salt solution and blood cloudy cloudy The diagrams show what has happened to the cells in the different liquids. in test tube A in test tube B

5 5 Use ideas about osmosis to explain the results. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question... [6] Turn over

6 3 The photograph shows a great crested newt. 6 Great crested newts live in ponds. Scientists monitor the population of newts in a pond over 5 years. They do this by collecting a sample of newts swimming in the pond. (a) Which piece of apparatus would they use to collect the newts? Put a ring around the correct answer. net pooter quadrat pit fall trap [1] (b) The scientists use the numbers of newts they collect to estimate the population. The table shows their estimates. year Estimate of population in pond

7 (i) Plot the estimates onto the graph. 7 The first two points have been done for you. [1] estimate of population of newts year 6 (ii) Use a line of best fit to predict a population estimate for year 6. estimate =... newts. [1] (iii) The scientists are concerned about the newt population. Use the data to suggest why they might be concerned.... [2] (c) The scientists are studying the population of newts in the pond. The newts are also part of a community living in the pond. Explain the difference between the terms population and community.... [1] Turn over

8 8 4 Transpiration is the loss of water from the leaves of a plant. Look at the diagram. The apparatus in the diagram can be used to measure the rate of transpiration. shoot water to reset bubble fan scale syringe piston rubber tubing capillary tube stopclock h m s air bubble moves up the tube as the shoot takes in water water reservoir Describe how to use the apparatus to investigate how air movement affects the rate of transpiration... [3]

9 5 Farmers can use organic or intensive farming methods to grow crops. 9 (a) Organic farming does not use pesticides but intensive farming does. Write about two other differences between organic and intensive farming methods.... [2] (b) There are different types of pesticides used in intensive farming. Draw a straight line from each of the pesticides to its correct use. pesticides use fungicides kill small animals eating the crops herbicides kill plants competing with the plants insecticides control infections such as mould [1] (c) Some people agree with the use of pesticides and others disagree with the use. Suggest reasons why people may have different opinions.... [2] Turn over

10 6 Look at the diagram of the head of a fish. 10 SECTION B Module B5 X (a) The part labelled X is used by the fish for gas exchange. (i) What is the name of part X?... [1] (ii) Part X has a large surface area. How does having a large surface area affect gas exchange?... [1] (b) In humans, gas exchange happens in the lungs. Asbestosis is a disease that affects the lungs. Describe how asbestosis affects the lungs.... [2]

11 (c) The picture shows an artificial lung. 11 Scientists have developed an artificial lung that can be attached to the heart. The heart pumps blood into the lung. Gas exchange takes place inside the artificial lung. The blood then passes back into the body. (i) Finish these sentences about the artificial lung. Choose words from this list. dialysis fertilisation insemination respiration trauma Someone may need the artificial lung to replace lungs damaged by disease or.... Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood inside the artificial lung. The carbon dioxide is made by the process of.... [2] (ii) Before the artificial lung can be used it has to be tested. Suggest why.... [1] Turn over

12 12 7 The diagram shows two different circulatory systems. valve open circulatory system heart pores valve closed circulatory system heart artery vein artery body cells Write about how open and closed circulatory systems are similar and how they are different. Include ideas about the type of organisms that have open or closed circulatory systems. Use the diagrams and your scientific knowledge to help you. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question... [6]

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14 14 8 Wrestling is a physical sport in which people often get injured. Some wrestlers were surveyed to find out about their injuries. They were asked to list any injury that had stopped them competing during one year. The table shows the results. Type of injury Number of wrestlers listing that injury bruising 7 dislocation 19 fracture 29 graze 2 open wound 5 sprain 42 no injury 31 (a) Which was the most common injury?... [1]

15 15 (b) 132 wrestlers were interviewed in the survey. Did any of the wrestlers list more than one injury?... Use a calculation to explain your answer.... [2] (c) The X-ray shows the injury of one of the wrestlers. The injury is a fracture in the lower arm. (i) Write about the injury seen in the X-ray. Include ideas about: the type of fracture the names of the bones that have been fractured.... [3] (ii) Which type of joint is seen in the X-ray?... [1] Turn over

16 16 9 The graph shows how life expectancy has changed in England and Wales from 1950 to life expectancy in years women men year (a) Suggest two reasons for the change in life expectancy since [2] (b) Continue the two lines on the graph to predict the life expectancy ages in (i) Write down two conclusions about the predicted life expectancies in [2] (ii) Suggest one reason why any prediction may not be correct.... [1]

17 17 SECTION C Module B6 10 The image shows patterns made from the DNA found at a crime scene and from four suspects. crime suspects DNA (a) What is the pattern called and why can it be used to identify a person?... [2] (b) Which suspect left their DNA at the crime scene? Give a reason for your answer. suspect... reason... [1] Turn over

18 18 11 Look at the diagrams of two different microorganisms. microorganism A microorganism B (a) One of the microorganisms is yeast and one is a bacterium. Which is a bacterium? Choose from A or B... Write down two reasons for your answer [2] (b) After an earthquake, diseases can spread rapidly. Which diseases are often spread by bacteria after an earthquake? Put a ring around two correct answers. athlete s foot chicken pox cholera food poisoning influenza [2]

19 19 12 Many water companies release treated sewage back into rivers in places called sewage outfall. Most sewage outfalls are monitored for pollution by the environment agency. In 1989 there were a number of outfalls not being monitored. These outfalls were identified and named TDC outfalls. Water companies have been told to reduce these TDC outfalls by allowing the environment agency to monitor them. The table shows how the number of TDC outfalls has changed in some areas. Water company progress in reducing TDCs number of TDCs in 1989 number of TDCs in 2016 Anglian Northumbrian 9 9 South West Southern Thames United Utilities Wessex Yorkshire (a) Which water company had made the most progress in reducing the number of TDCs?... [1] (b) Why is it important to reduce the number of TDC outlets?... [2] Turn over

20 13 This question is about biofuels. 20 (a) Gasohol is a biofuel that contains alcohol. Finish the sentences about gasohol. Alcohol can be made using a microorganism called.... To make gasohol the alcohol is then mixed with.... [2] (b) Biogasoline is another type of biofuel that can be made from sugar cane. Look at the pie chart. It shows the amount of biogasoline produced in one year. World: thousand tons Key United States Brazil China Canada France rest of the World (i) Which country produced the most biogasoline in one year?... [1] (ii) Brazil produced 2200 thousand tons of biogasoline. Calculate this as a percentage of World production. Give your answer to three significant figures....% [2]

21 (iii) 21 The rest of the World produced 3.3% of the biogasoline in that year. Compare the percentage produced by Brazil and the rest of the World. Suggest reasons for the difference.... [2] (c) Four friends make these statements about biofuels. Alcohol is used in the production of gasohol. Oliver Mia We should all use biofuel as it is better for the environment. Countries producing gasohol will need large supplies of sugar. Aiko Chen Canada produces a lot less biogasoline than Brazil. Identify one of the friends statements that may only be opinion rather than fact. Use the information in question 13 to explain your answer.... [2] Turn over

22 22 14 The diagram shows organisms in a soil food web. fox hedgehog spiders woodlice earthworms fungi dead plant material Write about the different organisms in this food web. Include ideas about which organisms are detritivores, carnivores or decomposers how earthworms help improve the structure and fertility of the soil. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question... [6]

23 23 SECTION D 15 (a) Look at the graph. It shows the brain mass and body mass of some different animals. A student has drawn a line of best fit on the graph dolphin line of best fit hippopotamus brain mass in g squirrel cat dog pig 1 mouse 0.1 shrew bat body mass in kg (i) Which animal has the smallest brain mass?... [1] (ii) Which animal has the largest body mass?... [1] (iii) Has the student drawn a correct line of best fit? Explain your answer.... [2] Turn over

24 24 (b) Look at the table about some different animals. It shows the mean (average) body mass, brain mass and relative brain mass. The relative brain mass is the percentage (%) that the brain mass is of the body mass. Animal Body mass in g Brain mass in g Relative brain mass (% of body mass) marmoset monkey rhesus monkey chimpanzee gorilla elephant (i) For the marmoset monkey, its brain mass is 2.5% of its body mass. Calculate its brain mass. Use information from the table. You should show your working. answer =... g [2] (ii) Look at the information in the table. What patterns can you see between body mass, brain mass and relative brain mass?... [2]

25 (iii) 25 The mean (average) body mass, brain mass and relative brain mass of a human is shown in this table. Animal Body mass in g Brain mass in g Relative brain mass (% of body mass) human Do humans fit the patterns shown by the other animals? Explain your answer.... [2] END OF QUESTION PAPER

26 26 ADDITIONAL ANSWER SPACE If additional space is required, you should use the following lined page(s). The question number(s) must be clearly shown in the margin(s).

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