BNG-345 Orthopaedic Biomechanics Exam 3 November 17, Name: SOLUTION. This exam is closed book, closed notes. There are 6 sections/questions.

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1 BNG-345 Orthopaedic Biomechanics Exam 3 BNG-345 Orthopaedic Biomechanics Exam 3 November 17, 2016 This exam is closed book, closed notes. There are 6 sections/questions. Grade: #1 / 10 #2 / 11 #3 / 25 #4 / 16 #5 / 28 #6 / 10 Final Grade / of 9

2 1. Complete the crossword puzzle using the clues. Each answer is worth 1 pt. Total 10 pts 1 k 2 s y p h o t i t e 3 b a n k a r t o s i 4 s c o l 5 i o s i s m 6 g 7 e r e c t o r s p i n a 8 e l i x e n t n g 9 d e l t o i d e n i m s d e i 10 a c r o m i o n o t n Across 3. Labral tear that is below the midline of the shoulder (bankart) 4. Abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis) 7. Most important extensor muscle group in the spine (erector spinae) 9. Muscle that abducts the shoulder (deltoid) 10. The acromioclavicular joint is between the clavicle and this process of the scapula (acromion) Created on TheTeachersCorner.net Crossword Maker Down 1. Type of curve made by the thoracic spine (kyphotic) 2. Narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis) 5. Limits range of motion of shoulder due to tendonitis or bursitis (impingement) 6. Socket of shoulder joint (glenoid) 8. Type of spinal fracture where the vertebrae are pulled apart (extension)! 2 of 9

3 BNG-345 Orthopaedic Biomechanics Exam 3 2. Label the parts of the vertebra. 11 pts 3 of 9

4 3. Analyze the following images. (a) Name the ligaments. 5 pts (b)what injury is depicted in this MRI? What is a treatment for this type of injury? 4 pts This shows a flexion fracture, specifically an axial burst fracture. Two types of treatments are kyphoplasty where a needle is inserted into the fractured vertebra and a vertebroplasty where cement is injected directly into the narrowed vertebra. 4 of 9

5 (c) Label the structures/injury the arrows are pointing to? What tissues are involved in this injury? What is the function of the tissue that is injured? 10 pts This MRI shows a herniated disc. This involves the annulus fibrosis and the nucleus pulposus. The nucleus pulposus helps absorb impact of the body s activities and helps keep the vertebrae separated. The annulus fibrosis helps to act as a ligament to hold the vertebrae together and allows slight movement. (d) Fill in the name of the muscles. For the middle box, name the group, then the 3 muscles in the order of top arrow to bottom. 6 pts Multifidus 5 of 9

6 4. Name the ligaments and structures of the shoulder labeled A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. 16 points Labrum 6 of 9

7 BNG-345 Orthopaedic Biomechanics Exam 3 5. (a) Name the muscles at A, B, C, D, E, and F. 10 pts (b) What injury is depicted in this MRI? What is the name of the other type of injury of this tissue and where is that injury typically located (hint: draw the clock and label)? 6 pts This is a bankart tear. The other type of injury that happens in the labrum is a SLAP tear. 7 of 9

8 (c) You are a doctor doing an initial assessment of a patient who has complained of pail while sleeping, pain and weakness when lifting the arm, as well as a clicking sensation when moving their shoulder around. You ask the patient to do the following test: What injury does he likely have? What are the two main causes? What two factors contribute to the injury? What are two nonsurgical treatments? What are two surgical treatments? 10 pts He likely has a rotator cuff tear. The two main causes are acute tears or degenerative tears. Factors that contribute to these tears are dislocation and broken collar bone for acute tears, and repetitive stress, lack of blood supply, and bone spurs for degenerative tears. Nonsurgical treatments are rest, NSAID, PT, and steroid injection. Surgical treatments are arthroscopic surgery and open surgery. 8 of 9

9 6. (a) Name 5 complications with prosthetic healing. 5 pts Healing delay Healing without proper amount of soft tissue around the bone Problems with shape of residual limb Chronic wound sinus Contractures Pain Insensitive skin Bony overgrowth Degenerative arthritis in the opposite limb Fracture (b) What are 3 of the issues with wearing a prosthetic? 3 pts Pressure, sores, blisters, and swelling. (c) Name two of the types of sensors used in prosthetics. 2 pts Biosensors and mechanical sensors 9 of 9

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