Short-term effects of anterior cruciate ligament reconsruction with femoral tunnel suspension fixation on bone tunnel and graft change

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1 Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research August 26, 2016 Vol.20, No.35 ( ). [J] (35): DOI: /j.issn ORCID: () Endobutton X MRI CT Peyrache 4 0 < 2 mm1 24 mm2 46 mm3 6 mm Tightrope Endobutton Tightrope Endobutton Tightrope () :R318 :B : (2016) Endobutton Tightrope Endobutton 10 Tightrope(LysholmIKDC ) IKDC Lysholm (P > 0.05)Endobutton 1 (P < 0.05)Tightrope Endobutton Tightrope EndobuttonTightrope 5284 P.O. Box 10002, Shenyang

2 . Ma Wen-juan, Studying for master s degree, Physician, First Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang , Guizhou Province, China Corresponding author: Zhang Kai-wei, Chief physician, Master s supervisor, First Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang , Guizhou Province, China Short-term effects of anterior cruciate ligament reconsruction with femoral tunnel suspension fixation on bone tunnel and graft change Ma Wen-juan, Zhang Kai-wei (First Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang , Guizhou Province, China) Abstract BACKGROUND: Femoral tunnel suspensory fixation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has a certain clinical comparison. However, there are a few fixture researches on the expansion of bone tunnel and graft changes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the short-period effect of femoral tunnel side fixtures Endobutton and Tightrope used in autologous hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on bone tunnel and implant change. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries received one-stage hamstring reconstruction, including 13 cases of femoral tunnel fixation with Endobutton and 10 cases with Tightrope. Tibial tunnel used extrusion screws. We observed operation time, recent effects after operation (Lysholm knee score, IKDC score) and the postoperative change of femoral tunnel diameter and graft length. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Twenty-three cases were followed up for 912 months, averagely 10 months. (2) Joint motion was not limited in both groups. No significant difference in IKDC and Lysholm scores was determined between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Graft length and femoral tunnel diameter were significantly higher in the Endobutton group during final follow-up compared with that at 1 week postoperatively (P < 0.05). (4) These results suggested that the recent effects were similar between Tightrope and Endobutton fixation, but Tightrope fixation device reduces the length of graft and the extent of bone tunnel enlargement. Subject headings: Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Internal Fixators; Tissue Engineering Cite this article: Ma WJ, Zhang KW. Short-term effects of anterior cruciate ligament reconsruction with femoral tunnel suspension fixation on bone tunnel and graft change. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(35): Introduction (anterior cruciate ligamentacl) [1] [2] [3] [4-5] [6] ()( ) (EndobuttonTightrope) 1Subjects and methods (23) (Lachman )MRI 203 () 48 d MRI () ISSN CN /R CODEN: ZLKHAH 5285

3 . Endobutton13(28.32±2.58) 10376IKDC 52.27±9.26Lysholm60.27±8.61Tightrope 10(29.04±2.87)82 64IKDC51.38±8.07Lysholm 59.69± Endobutton 2060 mm 3 Tightrope Arthrex Endobutton Krachow(4) (AL) (AM) mm Blumensaat s6 mm mm 100 (Endobutton Endobutton Tightrope ArthrexTightrope) Lachman h 48 h7 d (15 kg) () IKDC [7] Lysholm-Tegner [8] Webster [3] () (0.5 cm0.5 cm) 3 MRI 1.7 SPSS16.0 t P < Results 2.1 ()IKDCLysholm- Tegner(P > 0.05) 1 1 Table 1 Comparison of basic information of cases in both groups Endobutton (n=13) Tightrope (n=10) (x±s) 28.32± ±2.87 (/n) 10/3 8/2 (/) 6/7 4/6 IKDC (x±s) 52.27± ±8.07 Lysholm-Tegner (x±s) 60.27± ± IKDCLysholm-Tegner( ) (10)Endobutton (121.69±17.25) Tightrope (125.73±15.73) (P > 0.05) Tightrope(59.94±13.74) min Endobutton(74.61±19.37) min (P < 0.05)Endobutton 41Tightrope1 (P > 0.05)IKDCLysholm (P > 0.05) Endobutton P.O. Box 10002, Shenyang

4 . A D 1 Figure 1 Images in patients in both groups ABC Endobutton A BC 1 DEF Tightrope D EF 1 2 IKDC Lysholm (x±s) Table 2 Operation time, IKDC and Lysholm scores in both groups Endobutton (n=13) Tightrope (n=10) 3 1 (x±s) Table 3 Comparison of femoral tunnel diameter and graft length 1 week postoperatively and during final follow-up (min) 74.61± ±13.74 (cm) (mm) IKDC 86.29± ±8.61 Lysholm 88.41± ±2.86 Endobutton P < Endobutton (n=13) 2.74± ± ± ±0.48 Tightrope (n=10) 3.27± ± ± ± P < 0.05 (7.47±0.31) mm (8.09±0.48) mm(p < 0.05) 1(2.74±0.56) mm (3.21±0.72) mm(p < 0.05) Tightropu1 (7.69±0.55) mm(7.82±0.32) mm (P > 0.05)1 (3.27±0.83) mm(3.32±0.65) mm (P > 0.05) d (1A)3 Endobutton 1DRMRI(1BC) d(1d) 3 Tightrope1DRMRI( 1EF) 3Discussion [9] AAOS [10] [11-12] [13] Webster [3] 50% 6 36 Peyrache [14] 3 36 ISSN CN /R CODEN: ZLKHAH 5287

5 . 1 MRI 612 Weber [15] Weber 1 Endobutton Ttihtropu Jagodzinsk [16] Struewer [17-18] 25% [19-20] 2 6 Endobutton Tightrope Endobutton [21] Tightrope Endobutton MRI Endobutton Tightrope (P < 0.05) Tightrope Endobutton Tightrope (P < 0.05) Endobutton Endobutton 2 Endobutton 4 1 Tightrope 1 Endobutton Tightrope CNKI 3 ( ) 5288 P.O. Box 10002, Shenyang

6 . 4 References [1] Lohmander LS, Englund PM, Dahl LL, et al. The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis.am J Sports Med. 2007;35(10): [2] Schindler OS. Surgery for anterior cruciate ligament deficiency: a historical perspective. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(1):5-47. [3] Webster KE, Feller JA, Hameister KA. Bone tunnel enlargement following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised comparison of hamstring and patellar tendon grafts with 2-year follow-up. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001;9(2): [4] Akoto R, Müller-Hübenthal J, Balke M, et al. Press-fit fixation using autologous bone in the tibial canal causes less enlargement of bone tunnel diameter in ACL reconstruction--a CT scan analysis three months postoperatively. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2015; 16: 200. [5] ärvelä T, Moisala AS, Paakkala T, et al. Tunnel enlargement after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective, randomized study. Arthroscopy. 2008;24(12): [6] Frank CB, Jackson DW. The science of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79(10): [7] Hefti F,Drobny T,Hackenbusch W,et al.evaluation of knee ligament injuries:the OAK and IKDC forms. In:Jakob RP,Staubli H-U,eds.The knee and the cruciate ligament. Berlin:Springer,1990; [8] Lysholm J, Gillquist J. Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale. Am J Sports Med. 1982;10(3): [9] Schindler OS. Surgery for anterior cruciate ligament deficiency: a historical perspective. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(1):5-47. [10] Carey JL, Shea KG.AAOS Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Evidence-Based Guideline. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015;23(5):e6-8. [11] Xu Y, Ao Y, Wang J, et al. Relation of tunnel enlargement and tunnel placement after single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. 2011;27(7): [12] Dave LY, Leong OK, Karim SA, et al. Tunnel enlargement 5 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a radiographic and functional evaluation. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2014;24(2): [13] Foldager C, Jakobsen BW, Lund B, et al. Tibial tunnel widening after bioresorbable poly-lactide calcium carbonate interference screw usage in ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010;18(1): [14] Peyrache MD, Djian P, Christel P, et al. Tibial tunnel enlargement after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1996;4(1):2-8. [15] Weber AE, Delos D, Oltean HN, et al. Tibial and Femoral Tunnel Changes After ACL Reconstruction: A Prospective 2-Year Longitudinal MRI Study. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(5): [16] Jagodzinski M, Geiges B, von Falck C, et al. Biodegradable screw versus a press-fit bone plug fixation for hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective randomized study. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38(3): [17] Struewer J, Frangen TM, Ishaque B, et al. Knee function and prevalence of osteoarthritis after isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone graft: long-term follow-up. Int Orthop. 2012;36(1): [18] Struewer J, Ziring E, Frangen TM, et al. Clinical outcome and prevalence of osteoarthritis after isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring graft: follow-up after two and ten years. Int Orthop. 2013;37(2): [19] Franceschi F, Papalia R, Di Martino A, et al. A new harvest site for bone graft in anterior cruciate ligament revision surgery. Arthroscopy. 2007;23(5):558.e1-4. [20] Maak TG, Voos JE, Wickiewicz TL, et al. Tunnel widening in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2010;18(11): [21] Lubowitz JH, Ahmad CS, Anderson K.All-inside anterior cruciate ligament graft-link technique: second-generation, no-incision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. 2011;27(5): ISSN CN /R CODEN: ZLKHAH 5289

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