1) The subcutaneous injection is given in the arms, abdomen, or thighs. 1)

Transcription

1 Exam Name TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) The subcutaneous injection is given in the arms, abdomen, or thighs. 1) 2) Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is transmitted by contaminated serum in blood transfusions or through the use of contaminated needles or instruments. 2) 3) Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease. 3) 4) Pertussis is a disease of the nervous system and is caused by a bacterium that enters into the body through a break in the skin. 4) 5) Although the Hib disease is not well known, a recent statistic from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicated that one out of every 200 children in the United States under the age of 5 contracts Hib. 5) 6) There are two types of polio vaccines: inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and live oral polio vaccine (OPV). 6) 7) Hepatitis B, which is caused by a virus, is the most common type of hepatitis in the United States. 7) 8) The pneumococcal vaccine was not, until very recently, licensed for children under the age of 12. 8) 9) The polio vaccine has been available since 1955, which has resulted in the disappearance of the disease in the United States. 9) 10) The intradermal injection, in which a minute amount of material is injected within the top layer of skin to determine a patient s sensitivity to it, is commonly used for allergy testing. 10) 11) Portabella, also called chickenpox, is probably one of the most common childhood diseases. 11) 12) The Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given to children to protect them from developing measles, mumps, and rubella. 12) 13) Immunizations or vaccines are given to humans in order to increase the susceptibility to disease. 13) 14) Tetanus, also known as whooping cough, is a respiratory disease that is most common in children under the age 4. 14) 1

2 15) The Q-track method is used when a medication is irritating to the subcutaneous tissues or the medication may discolor the skin. 15) MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. Match each term to the correct statement. 16) are small, sealed glass bottles containing a single dose of medication. A) rectus femoris B) vastus lateralis muscle 16) 17) injections are given in the muscles. 18) are prefilled single-dose cartridges that fit with a special cartridge holder. 19) The is located on the upper outer surface of the upper arm. 20) are used for dispensing oral medication into the respiratory tract. 21) The is on the outer portion of the upper thigh and is part of the quadricep. C) intramuscular D) deltoid muscle E) prefilled cartridge injection systems F) inhalation medications G) dorsogluteal site H) parenteral medication administration I) ampules J) ventrogluteal site 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) The is the middle region of the thigh. 22) 23) The is most commonly used for large-volume, deep intramuscular (IM) injections or irritating viscous (thick) medications. 23) 24) The is considered safer than the dorsogluteal muscle because there are no major nerves or blood vessels in this muscle. 24) 25) means administering a medication through injection. 25) 2

3 SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 26) The pathogens standard has provisions for the follow-up procedures for health-care workers who are exposed to a needle stick with a contaminated needle. 26) 27) can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 27) 28) According to the law, all medical offices must have a puncture-proof, rigid, container labeled with an international biohazard sticker for the disposal of sharps. 28) 29) When the large biohazard container that is in a central location in the office is two-thirds to three-quarters full, it should be replaced and disposed of using a waste removal service contracted to incinerate or autoclave the contents. This waste removal service will give the office a document of, which should be kept and filed at the office. 29) 30) Any time a medical assistant has the potential of coming into contact with any body, such as saliva, blood, or other substances, Standard Precautions must be observed and followed. 30) 31) When administering any parenteral medication, it is important for the medical assistant to wear. 31) 32) If a patient needs to receive a liquid medication such as a lotion or suspension, the bottle should be well and then applied as directed. 32) 33) Many medications are prescribed for the pediatric patient, because of the ease of administration. 33) 34) Needles are categorized according to both length and gauge (how large the barrel of the needle is). 34) 35) If a medical assistant is accidentally stuck with a contaminated needle, the should be notified immediately. 35) 36) There is a much greater chance of developing than of developing HIV/AIDS from a contaminated needle stick. 36) 37) Syringes come in a variety of sizes. The smallest syringe is called a syringe, and the measurements are calibrated in 1/100 of a milliliter. 37) 38) Syringes are used with needles to give injections. 38) 39) Medication that is given by enters the bloodstream more rapidly than medication given by other methods. 39) 3

4 40) has established very specific guidelines regarding the disposal of contaminated needles and syringes. 40) 41) List five types of topical medications that can be applied to mucosal membranes. 41) 42) List the four muscular sites where intramuscular injections can be given. 42) 43) Explain Z-track injection. 43) 44) Explain what a subcutaneous injection is. 44) 45) Explain what an intradermal injection is. 45) 46) Discuss the types of needles used for medication administration. 46) 47) List the two most common forms of injectable medications. 47) 48) Define ampules and prefilled cartridge injection systems. 48) 49) Discuss the two types of polio vaccines. 49) 50) Explain the Hepatitis B vaccine. 50) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 51) Intramuscular injections (IM) are given in one of four sites. These sites include all of the following muscles except the. A) dorsogluteal B) deltoid C) biceps D) vastus lateralis 51) 52) Medications may be administered in which of the following ways? 52) A) topically B) by inhalation C) rectally D) all of the above 53) Medical assistants do not administer which of the following? 53) A) chemotherapy drugs B) narcotics C) medications by intravenous fluids D) all of the above 54) Topical drugs for dermal application and mucosal application come in various forms. For skin conditions that require treatment, topical drug forms include which of the following? A) creams and ointments B) skin patches C) lotions D) all of the above 54) 55) Oral medication administration is giving medication through the gastrointestinal system. These medications can be which of the following? A) syrups B) pills C) liquids D) all of the above 55) 56) There are different types of liquid medications, including all of the following except. 56) A) suppositories B) elixirs C) suspensions D) emulsions 4

5 57) Equipment used for the dispensing of liquid medication includes all of the following except. A) calibrated cups B) spoons C) droppers D) forks 57) 58) Parenteral medication administration means administering a medication through injection, through all of the following routes except. A) intravenous B) intramural C) intramuscular D) subdermal 58) 59) Another type of syringe is the insulin syringe. Units are used for insulin administration, done with a small needle, and injected directly under the skin (subcutaneous injections). These injections are typically done in all of the following areas except the. A) B) abdomen C) thighs D) feet 59) 60) Larger syringes are calibrated in 2 cc (ml), 3 cc (ml), 5 cc (ml), 10 cc (ml) and larger, and up to 60 cc (ml). The most commonly used size is the cc syringe, because it is the most accurate with small doses of medication. A) 3 B) 2 C) 10 D) 5 60) 61) Needle length is very important and varies from inch to inches in length. The needle length will depend on the route used and the area of body to be injected. A) 5 B) 4 C) 3 D) 2 61) 62) All needles and syringes should be placed in a sharps container, needle down, as soon as they are used. A) red B) blue C) white D) green 62) 63) As OSHA standards become stricter, more facilities will adapt to using needles, where a protective cover can quickly and safely be engaged to protect the user from exposure to a contaminated needle. A) smaller gauge B) shorter length C) larger gauge D) safety 63) 64) No needle should be disposed of in any receptacle except a container. 64) A) meads B) shapes C) sharps D) shots 65) Intramuscular injections (IM) are given in one of four sites. These sites or muscles include all of the following except the. A) triceps B) vastus lateralis C) dorsogluteal D) deltoid 65) 66) Intramuscular injections are always given at a -degree angle. 66) A) 120 B) 30 C) 90 D) 45 67) The subcutaneous injection is given just under the skin in the fat (adipose) tissue. This method is used for small doses of non-irritating medications for all of the following except. A) antibiotics B) analgesics C) insulin D) immunizations 67) 68) The subcutaneous injection is usually given at a -degree angle to the skin surface. 68) A) 45 B) 60 C) 30 D) 90 5

6 69) Patients receiving allergy injections should remain in the office after their injection per the office protocol, usually, to ensure that the patient is not having any type of allergic reaction. A) 5 or 6 hours B) 20 or 30 minutes C) 2 or 3 hours D) 2 or 3 minutes 69) 70) When giving a medication using the -track method, you need to pull the skin to the side before inserting the needle. A) P B) C C) Z D) T 70) 71) Antibodies are substances and are produced by lymphocytes in the spleen, lymph nodes and tissue, and the bone marrow. A) bone B) protein C) liquid D) fatty 71) 72) active immunity is the result of receiving vaccinations with inactive (dead) or attenuated (weakened) organisms. A) passive B) genetic C) artificial D) reactive 72) 73) Each year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that certain individuals receive the influenza vaccination. These individuals usually include all of the following except. A) household contacts and out-of-home caregivers of children aged > 6 months B) residents of long-term-care facilities C) pregnant women D) persons aged > 65 years with comorbid conditions 73) 74) Immunizations or vaccines are produced by taking a infectious agent of a disease and injecting it into the human body. A) dead B) live C) hibernating D) toxic 74) 75) A(n) recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule is issued by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the CDC, and the American Academy of Family Physicians. A) monthly B) weekly C) quarterly D) annual 75) 76) Hepatitis B is a form of viral hepatitis, is contagious, and can be fatal. 76) A) highly B) not C) mildly D) slightly 77) It is recommended that all infants soon after birth be given the first dose of hepatitis B. A child should receive a total of doses of the vaccine. The last dose should not be given to the infant before age 24 weeks. A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 2 77) 78) The vaccine for diphtheria is given to children in five separate doses. The fifth dose is given to children between the ages of. A) 2 and 4 B) 6 and 8 C) 8 and 10 D) 4 and 6 78) 6

7 79) Transmission of diphtheria is by direct and indirect contact and is diagnosed by obtaining a culture. A) anal B) throat C) eye D) skin 79) 80) Pertussis is caused by and is transmitted by direct and indirect contact. 80) A) bacteria B) fungi C) virus D) all of the above 81) Tetanus is contagious and rarely occurs in individuals living in the United States. 81) A) extremely B) not C) slightly D) moderately 82) When children receive a vaccine for tetanus, it is usually given in combination with a vaccine for which of the following (also known as the DTaP vaccine)? A) pertussis B) diphtheria C) tetanus D) all of the above 82) 83) Rubella, also known as measles or 3-day measles, is typically a mild disease that affects an individual for about 24 hours. A) Greek B) French C) German D) American 83) 84) Chickenpox, named this because the blisters that accompany it look like, is caused by a virus and is spread through the air. Chickenpox, although an uncomfortable disease, is usually not serious. A) chickpeas B) fried chicken C) frozen peas D) raw chicken 84) 85) According to the CDC, the bacteria kills more people in the United States each year than any other vaccine-preventable disease. A) hepatitis A B) pneumococcal C) AIDS D) hepatitis B 85) 86) Polio is caused by a virus and is spread through contact with the of an infected person. A) air B) blood C) feces D) saliva 86) 87) In addition to the influenza vaccination, adults years of age and older should receive the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV). A) 35 B) 45 C) 65 D) 55 87) 88) The medical assistant and the physician are for all medications that are administered to the patient. A) liable B) unanswerable C) irresponsible D) released 88) 89) Never give medications to a pediatric patient without permission from. 89) A) the patient B) the next-of-kin C) an adult D) a parent or guardian 90) Elderly patients typically take medications than younger patients do. 90) A) more B) the same C) different D) less 7

8 91) When giving injections to elderly patients, keep in mind that they may have skin and smaller muscles. Use a smaller needle, and take care to not tear the skin or damage the muscle. A) dryer B) thinner C) thicker D) rougher 91) 92) The first step in the method for correctly withdrawing medication from a single-dose and a multiple-dose vial should be the following. A) select the syringe and needle based on the type of medication and location for the injection site B) thoroughly wash hands with soap and running water C) compare the medication vial (bottle) against the physician s order D) remove needle from vial 92) 93) At 1½ years of age a child should be scheduled for all of the following immunizations except a(n). A) Oral Polio Booster B) TB test C) DPT Booster D) Rubeola (measles) one dose only 93) 94) The first step of in being able to correctly administer SC and IM injections without error should be the following. A) apply nonsterile gloves and follow universal blood and body-fluid precautions. B) select the correct medication using the three befores C) position the patient depending on the site you are using D) thoroughly wash hands with soap and running water (i.e., perform hand hygiene). 94) 95) A virus causes measles, and before the measles vaccine, almost all children came down with the measles. Measles is extremely serious and can result in all of the following conditions except. A) death B) brain damage C) liver disease D) deafness 95) 96) Hib is caused by a bacterium, is spread through, and enters into the lungs or bloodstream. A) drinking water B) spoiled food C) bodily waste D) the air 96) 97) Meningitis, which is a result of Hib, affects about children a year. 97) A) 12 B) 12,000 C) 1200 D) ) DTaP shots are required to fully protect a child. The last booster is given to children between the ages of 4 and 6. A) five B) nine C) seven D) three 98) 99) Individuals with diphtheria typically experience symptoms such as all of the following except. A) sore throat B) headache C) fever D) red eyes 99) 100) Topical medications can be applied to which of the following mucosal membranes? 100) A) nose B) ear C) eye D) all of the above 8