Black Magic, Evil Eye & Jinn versus Mental Health A T H I A M A N A W A R E V R I A N A G N O S T A R A

Transcription

1 Black Magic, Evil Eye & Jinn versus Mental Health A T H I A M A N A W A R E V R I A N A G N O S T A R A

2 Aims of the Presentation Raise Awareness of what Black Magic means Understand the concept of the Jinn and the Evil Eye Impact on Mental Health

3 What is Black Magic Black magic and Supernatural powers Black and white magic Black magic and ritualistic practices

4 Black Magic and Religion Black magic and religion Satanism Rituals Christianity v Black magic Islam v Black magic

5 What is Evil Eye What is it Cultural beliefs Protective measures

6 Evil Eye and Religion Various concepts Reference found in Old Testament Extended belief in Mediterranean, Middle East and Asian tribes and culturesin translations of the Old Testament. the power to look at people, animals or objects to cause them harm. Preventative measures

7 In Arabic mythology supernatural spirits below the level of angels and devils. They possess the bodily needs of human beings, but they are free from all physical restraints. Jinn delight in punishing humans for any harm done to them, intentionally or unintentionally. They are said to be responsible for many diseases and all kinds of accidents. What is the Jinn

8 salvation or damnation Jinn and Religion good or bad exorcism and mental health treatment s/uk

9 Mental Illness From the perspective of positive psychology or holism, mental health may include an individual's ability to enjoy life, and create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience Cultural differences, subjective assessments and competing professional theories all affect how mental health & illness is defined the capacity to work and to love

10 Some views on Mental Illness I believe it exists however we have the power to heal through praying to the almighty 49 year old female- no input with mental health services There is no such thing and people should not be fooled Anonymous I have suffered in the past and my therapist has helped me through some very difficult times but equally my spiritual needs were addressed by spending time enhancing my religious understanding 23 year old female- 18 months input with a therapist for depression and generalised anxiety Mental illness is a curse and those who have done bad will suffer 30 year old

11 Themes of views on Mental Illness 1. No belief in anything other than mental illness being a psychological phenomenon impacting upon ones health 2. Belief that mental illness did exist however also belief that there was other supernatural powers that could also be a contributing factor 3. No belief in mental illness at all and everything was supernatural

12 Findings on Muslim views Muslim females are more likely to believe in black magic, jinn and evil eye over males A number of Muslims believe in the jinn however their belief is just in their existence but they do not all believe that they can possess humans. schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, personality disorder and various other mental health issues can indeed be caused by black magic, jinn and evil eye. preference : black magic, jinn possession and evil eye be treated by a religious figure rather than a psychiatrist alone or to be treated jointly by a psychiatrist and a religious figure.

13 HCP views I have little understanding of any culture and religion so I just work with everyone in the same way HCA- 3 month s experience Dependent on gender and age you can face a range of issues in relation to black magic and things; however it can also be an eye opener and stop one being so fixed on their own beliefs. I would say the monthly equality and diversity sessions have really helped me to understand better though Charge Nurse- 4.5 years experience

14 HCP Views Families are more often the hindrance than the service user as they are worried about the stigma in regards to mental health and believe it would be better if they can tell people that a loved one has been possessed by the Jinn and this would be more acceptable within the community, this then becomes difficult as we like to involve families with service users care especially when they too want them involved Staff Nurse- 8 years experience I have some understanding of this as I too come from a background where I grew up being told stories about the Jinn especially and the evil eye and how I should protect myself however having come into the mental health field I am more open to other avenues of treatment as well. I believe having some understanding service users are sometimes more able to relate to me HSW- 12 years experience

15 National guidance and approaches Delivering race equality in mental health care: An action plan for reform inside and outside services The Governments response to the independent inquiry into the death of David Bennett cultural awareness training programmes Working together with communities Apply real holistic care

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17 References Endrawes, G., O Brien, L., & Wilkes, L. (2007). Mental illness and Egyptian families. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 16, 178_187. Fakhr El-Islam, M. (1992). Lay explanations of symptoms of mental ill health in Kuwait. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 38(2), 150_156. Khalifa, N., & Hardie, T. (2005). Possession and Jinn. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 98, 351_353. Kleinman, A. (1978). Culture, illness and cure: Clinical lessons from anthropologic and crosscultural research. Annals of International Medicine, 88, 251_258. Pridmore, S., & Iqbal Pasha, M. (2004). Psychiatry and Islam. Australasian Psychiatry, 12(4), 380_385. Saeed, K., Gater, R., Hussain, A., & Mubbashar, M. (2000). The prevalence, classification and treatment of mental disorders among attenders of native faith in rural Pakistan. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35, 480_485. Sheikh, A. (2007). Should Muslims have faith-based health services? British Medical Journal, 334, 74. Sheikh, J., & Farooq, S. (2004). Issues in clinical practice in a South Asian Muslim community. Psychiatric Bulletin, 18, 739_741. Sheikh, A., & Gatrad, A. (2000). Caring for the Muslim patients. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical. Smaje, C., & Grand, L.E. (1997). Ethnicity, equity and the use of health services in the British NHS. Social Science & Medicine, 45(3), 485_496. Thomas, V.J., & Cohen, T. (2006). Communication skills and cultural awareness courses for healthcare professionals who care for patients with sickle cell disease. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53(4), 480_488.

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