Forensics Final Review. 1. Fill in the following table about search methods. Search Method Picture When it is Used Strip or Line Search

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1 Name: Forensics Final Review Unit 1-Scientific Method, Observation, and Eyewitness Reporting 1. Fill in the following table about search methods. Search Method Picture When it is Used Strip or Line Search Grid Search Spiral Wheel/Ray Quadrant or Zone 2. What are the minimum types of documentation that should be done when processing a crime scene? 3. What types of information should be included in a crime scene sketch? 4. What types of information should be included in crime scene notes? 5. What are the four types of photographs that should be taken at a crime scene? Give an example of when each would be used. 1

2 6. Fill in the following table about memory. Type of Memory Definition Example Sensory Memory Short Term Memory Long Term Memory 7. What are some ways you can become a better observer? Unit 2: Fingerprinting 1. State the three fundamental principles of fingerprints. 1 st : 2 nd : 3 rd : 2. How did the following people contribute to the modern use of fingerprinting? a. Alphonse Bertillon b. Henry Fauld c. Francis Galton d. Dr. Juan Vucetich 2

3 3. Define the following words: a. Visible print: b. Plastic print: c. Latent print: 4. What is AFIS? Who goes into AFIS? 5. How many friction ridge characteristics are needed in order to establish a positive match between two prints? 6. Fill in the following chart about the methods to develop latent prints. Method Type of Surface Used On How it Works (What does it adhere to?) Powders Ninhydrin Super Glue Fuming 7. What layer of skin is responsible for creating the ridge pattern? 8. Identify each of the following fingerprints as one of the following: A. Loop D. Plain Arch B. Plain Whorl E. Tented Arch C. Whorl Double Loop F. Central Pocket Loop Unit 3-Hair and Fibers Answer the following questions. 1. What is Locard s Exchange principle? How does it apply to the collection of hair and fiber evidence? 3

4 2. Label the parts of the hair in the diagram below. (Follicle, Papilla, Root, Shaft) 3. Label the three parts of the hair shaft below. 4. Identify the scale pattern in the following pictures. 5. What is the medullary index and why is it important when identifying hairs? 6. What part of the hair are you looking at when trying to determine if it was pulled out or fell out naturally? What will each look like? 7. How can you tell if a fiber is natural or synthetic? 8. What is the most common natural fiber? Synthetic fiber? 9. Label the following weave patterns. 10. How can you tell the difference between a twill weave and a satin weave? 4

5 11. What is paper chromatography used for? Unit 4-DNA Analysis 1. How do you reduce contamination of DNA evidence at a crime scene? 1. What is the purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)? 2. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP s) a. What is the purpose of restriction enzymes in RFLP? b. How many restriction enzymes are typically used in RFLP? 3. Gel Electrophoresis a. What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis? b. Where are smaller fragments found on the results? Where are larger fragments found on the gel? 4. Short Tandem Repeats (STR) a. STR s are usually how many base pairs long? b. What is a loci? c. How many loci are used to evaluate DNA using STR s? d. Why are STR s reported as two different numbers? 5. CODIS a. What is CODIS? b. Whose DNA goes into CODIS? 5

6 Unit 5-Serology 1. Fill in the following table about the components of blood. Part of Blood Components Percentage Solid Liquid 2. Fill in the following table about blood types. Blood Type Antigens Present Antibodies Present A B AB O Rh + Rh - Can Donate To Can Receive From 3. Describe the process used to determine an unknown blood type. 4. Fill out the following table about the velocity of blood spatter. Speed of Force Size of Blood Drop Example Low Velocity Medium Velocity High Velocity 5. Describe what happens to a blood drop as you increase the height at which it was dropped. 6. Describe what happens to a blood drop trail as the source of blood increases the speed of movement. 6

7 7. On the drops below, draw an arrow to indicate the direction the blood was moving when it hit the surface. 8. Estimate the angle of impact in the previous blood drops based on their shape. 9. Fill out the table below about types of blood spatter patterns. Description Types Example Passive Transfer Projected 7