Maio & Esses. Maio & Esses 2001 NAQ Laresen & Diener, 1987 Taylor, et al., 1985 Cacioppo Petty, 2001 the Need for Affect

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1 March 2015 Maio & Esses 2001 the Need for Affect Mayer & Salovey, 1993 Taylor, Ryan, & Bagby, 1985 Bachorowski & Braaten, 1994 Byrne, 1961 King, 1998 Maio & Esses the Need fo Affect Questionnaire NAQ NAQ NAQ NAQ Maio & Esses 2001 NAQ Laresen & Diener, 1987 Taylor, et al., 1985 Cacioppo Petty, & Kao, 1984Thompson, Naccarato, & Parker, 1989 BIS/BAS Carver & White, 1994 Big Five Costa & McCrae, 1991 BIS/BAS NAQ Maio & Esses 2001

2 120 NAQ NAQ NAQ Appel, Gnambs, & Maio, 2012 NAQ Leone & Chirmbolo, 2008 Schlett & Ziegler, 2014 Conner, Rhodes, Morris, McEachan, & Lawton, 2011 ; Haddock, Maio, Arnold, & Huskinson, 2008 NAQ NAQ Maio & Esses, M SD Maio & Esses 2001 NAQ 26 NAQ Table web web M SD NAQ EIS 2008 Bachorowski & Braaten Toronto Alexithymia Scale TAS ; Taylor, et al., 1985 Schalling-Sifneos Personality Scale SSPS ; Apfel & Sif-

3 March 2015 neos, Gotow Alexithymia Questionnaire Galex Neuberg & Newsom web web 3 web M SD NAQ PANAS Watson, Clark, & Tellegen 1988 PANAS 2001 PA 10 NA NCS 1991 Cacioppo & Petty 1982 NCS NCS BIS / BAS 2005 Carver & White 1994 BIS /BAS BIS/BAS web web web NAQ 1 : : : Maio & Esses Table 1 Amos 22 GFI.80, AGFI.76, CFI.75, RMSEA.09 SPSS 22 4 Table 1 Table

4 120 Table 1 6. S S S S S S S S S S NAQ S NAQ NAQ Appel, et al., GFI.92, AGFI.89, CFI.90, RMSEA.07 NAQ Appel, et al., GFI. 97, AGFI.95, CFI.97, RMSEA.06 r.14 Appel, et al., 2012 ; Maio & Esses, 2001 r

5 March web GFI. 94, AGFI. 91, CFI. 93, RMSEA.07 GFI.96, AGFI.94, CFI.96, RMSEA.06 NAQ 5 6, 17, 18, 19, , 2, 10, 11, NAQ α α.83 α.80 α r.84 p r.78 p r.79 p.001 NAQ NAQ 10 NAQ 26 Maio & Esses, 2001 NAQ 10 Appel, et al., Table 2 NAQ NAQ **p.01 NAQ.83**.83**.89** NAQ.90**.89**.90** Table 1 NAQ NAQ Table 2 Table 2 NAQ NAQ NAQ Table 3 NAQ PANAS NA 2 Maio & Esses, 2001 PANAS PA

6 120 Table 3 NAQ PANAS PA NA BIS/BAS r.20**.39** **.30**.33**.42**.02.17**.28**.05.26**.29**.34**.20**.16** **.39**.06.14*.39**.18**.32**.00.21**.15**.12*.42**.50**.06.20**.09.36** **p.01 *p M SD NAQ Maio & Esses, 2001 NAQ PANAS PANAS PA PANAS NA PA PANAS PA

7 March NAQ Maio & Esses, 2001 NAQ NAQ NAQ Maio & Esses, NAQ NAQ NAQ NAQ Maio & Esses, 2001 NAQ Appel, et al., 2012 NAQ NAQ NAQ Maio & Esses, 2001 NAQ NAQ NAQ 1 r r.14

8 120 NAQ NAQ Apfel, R. J. & Sifneos, P. E Alexithymia : concept and measurement. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 32, Appel, M., Gnambs, T., & Maio, G., A short measure of the need for affect. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, Bachorowski, J. A., & Braaten, E. B Emotional intensity : Measurement and theoretical implications. Personality and Individual Differences, 17, Byrne, D Repression-sensitization as a Dimension of Personality. In B. A. Maher Ed., Progress in experimental personality research pp New York, NY : Academic. Carver,C.S.,&White,T.L Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment : The BIS / BAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, Cacioppo, J. T. & Petty, R. E The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Kao, C. E Theefficient assessment of need for cognition. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, Conner, M., Rhodes, R. E., Morris, B., McEachan, R., & Lawton, R Changing exercise through targeting affective or cognitive attitudes. Psychology and Health, 26, Costa, P. T. Jr. & McCrae, M. M NEO Five- Factor Inventory : Form S. Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources , Haddock, G., Maio, G. R., Arnold, K. & Huskinson, T Should persuasion be affective or cognitive? The moderating effects of need for affect and need for cognition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, , King, L. A Ambivalence over emotional expression : Psychological and Physical correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, BIS/BAS 5, , Larsen, R. J., & Diener, E Affect intensity as an individual difference characteristic : A review. Journal of Research in Personality, 21, Leone, L., & Chirumbolo A Conservatism as motivated avoidance of affect : Need for affect scales predict conservatism measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, Mayer, J. D. & Salovey, P The intelligence of emotional intelligence. Intelligence, 17, Maio,G.R.,&Esses,V.M The need for affect : Individual differences in the motivation to approach and avoid emotions. Journal of Personality, 69, Neuberg,S.L.&Newsom,J.T Personal need for structure : Individual differences in the desire for simple structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psy-

9 March 2015 chology, 65, , PANAS 9, Schlett, C. & Ziegler, R Job emotions and job cognitions as determinants of job satisfaction : The moderating role of individual differences in need for affect. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84, Taylor, G. J., Ryan, D., & Bagby, R. M Toward the development of a new self-report alexithymia scale. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 44, Thompson, M. M., Naccarato, M. E., & Parker, K. E Assessing cognitive need : The development of the personal need for structure and personal fear of invalidity scales. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association, Halifax, Nova Scotia Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect : The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 6,

10 120 Development of the Japanese Version of the Need for Affect Questionnaire ABSTRACT The present study developed and tested an individual difference measure of the Japanese version of the need for affect, which is the motivation to approach and avoid emotion-inducing situations. First we examined the structure of the Japanese version of Need for Affect Questionnaire (J-NAQ) and then demonstrated its test-retest reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity. The results showed the sufficient reliability and validity of the J-NAQ. Finally, remaining questions for future investigation were described. Key Words: need for affect, individual difference, developing scales

Emotional abilities and the development of cross-cultural competence and adjustment.

1 Emotional abilities and the development of cross-cultural competence and adjustment. An empirical study conducted by Patrice A. Reid, Ph.D. Defense Language and National Security Education Office Erin