Criterion validity of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) after traumatic brain injury
|
|
- Andrew Potter
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) Criterion validity of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) after traumatic brain injury Monica L. Jacobs, Jacobus Donders Psychology Service, Mary Free Bed Rehabilitation Hospital, 235 Wealthy, S.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49503, United States Accepted 6 December 2006 Abstract The California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) was performed by 200 participants, divided into moderate severe traumatic brain injury (n = 43), mild traumatic brain injury (n = 57) and demographically matched control (n = 100) groups. Participants with complicating premorbid histories or who scored below 15/16 on the CVLT-II forced choice recognition trial were excluded. There were statistically significant (p <.0001) effects of group status on the CVLT-II total recall discriminability and recognition discriminability indices. Logistic regression revealed that, in the classification of control versus moderate severe traumatic brain injury, CVLT-II variables were accurate 66 71% overall, but false positive rates ranged from 49 to 54%. In conclusion, average scores on the CVLT-II differ meaningfully between patients with various degrees of severity of traumatic brain injury and controls, but this test should not be used in isolation to determine the presence or absence of acquired memory impairment National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Learning; Memory; Traumatic brain injury The California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II; Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 2000) is an updated version of the original California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT; Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 1987), and is used to evaluate learning and memory in persons ranging in age from 16 to 89 years. The CVLT demonstrated sensitivity to a broad range of clinical conditions, and had seen especially widespread application in the evaluation of sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI; Crosson, Novack, Trenerry, & Craig, 1988; Curtiss, Vanderploeg, Spencer, & Salazar, 2001; Wiegner & Donders, 1999). Compared to its predecessor, innovations on the CVLT-II include the addition of a forced choice trial to assess level of effort, and the inclusion of recall discriminability indices, which are based not only on the number of correct words recalled but also take into account intrusions (i.e., words that were not from the original list). The reliability of the CVLT-II appears to be acceptable, with values of internal consistency ranging from.78 to.94, and the normative base is much more representative of the general U.S. population than that for the CVLT (Delis et al., 2000). The goal of the current study was to assess the criterion validity of the CVLT-II in patients with TBI. Criterion validity pertains to whether or not a psychometric variable of interest is meaningfully related to a relevant, external dimension or standard (American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education, 1999). In this case, this has to do with whether or not Corresponding author. Tel.: ; fax: address: jacobus.donders@maryfreebed.com (J. Donders) /$ see front matter 2006 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi: /j.acn
2 144 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) scores on the CVLT-II are related to the presence and severity of brain injury. Several recent studies have provided support for the potential utility of the CVLT-II in various clinical samples. Baldo, Delis, Kramer, and Shimamura (2002) examined the CVLT-II profiles of 11 patients with focal frontal lobe lesions as compared to a control group. They found that the patients with frontal injuries learned fewer words, made more intrusion errors, and also had impaired yes/no recognition performance. Delis et al. (2005) compared the new recall discriminability indices to traditional scores (i.e., those based exclusively on target items correctly recalled) in the discrimination of patients with Huntington s disease and Alzheimer s disease. In their study, the recall discriminability indices distinguished the groups better, primarily because the patients with Alzheimer s disease made more intrusion errors, which affected the recall discriminability scores but not the traditional indices of accurate recall. Neither of these two studies addressed the sensitivity, specificity, or general predictive value of the CVLT-II. Although such data was not germane to the primary goal of those studies, information about this kind of classification is typically more important for clinical practice than knowledge about differences between group means (Ivnik et al., 2001). Furthermore, to our knowledge, no studies have examined the criterion validity of the CVLT-II in a large sample of patients with TBI. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the extent of group differences in average performance on the CVLT-II between patients with various degrees of severity of TBI and demographically matched controls, and also to provide more detailed information about diagnostic classification accuracy when trying to predict group membership on the basis of the CVLT-II. It has been well established that deficits in learning and memory are fairly common after moderate to severe TBI, such as those injuries that are associated with prolonged loss of consciousness and/or acute intracranial lesions on neuroimaging (Hanks, Ricker, & Millis, 2004; Vakil, 2005). Both dominant temporal and prefrontal involvement may be especially detrimental in this regard (Baldo et al., 2002; Crosson, Sartor, Jenny, Nabors, & Moberg, 1993). However, there is some controversy about the possibility of persisting cognitive difficulties in persons with mild, uncomplicated TBI (Bigler, 2001; Mittenberg & Strauman, 2000; Ruff, Camenzuli, & Mueller, 1996). Most recent literature reviews suggest that although some deficits in learning and memory may occur early in the recovery from mild TBI (i.e., without coma and with negative neuroimaging findings), it is unusual to have such difficulties persist for extended periods of time in the absence of premorbid or comorbid complicating factors such as psychiatric history or financial compensation-seeking (Iverson, 2005; Larrabee, 2005; Schretlen & Shapiro, 2003). Based on the above-described literature, we hypothesized that (1) patients with moderate severe brain injury would have statistically significantly lower average scores on the CVLT-II than either patients with mild TBI or demographically matched controls, and (2) the average CVLT-II performance of patients with mild TBI would not be statistically significantly different from that of demographically matched controls. This was considered to be a first step in the establishment of criterion validity of the instrument. It was also determined a priori that, in order to be clinically useful as a tool in the classification of individual patients, the CVLT-II should have a likelihood ratio (sensitivity/[1 specificity]) 2. This has been suggested as a reasonable standard for clinical decision making, particularly when there are no strong reasons to value sensitivity disproportionately higher than specificity, or vice versa, on a routine basis with a particular medical diagnosis (Grimes & Schulz, 2005). 1. Method 1.1. Participants After receiving institutional review board approval, 100 clinical participants were obtained retrospectively from approximately four years of consecutive clinical referrals to a Midwestern rehabilitation facility. Candidates included in the study met the following criteria: (1) diagnosis of TBI through external force to the head with associated alteration of consciousness, (2) age between 17 and 80 years at the time of assessment, (3) evaluation with the CVLT-II within 1 year after injury, (4) absence of a premorbid history of special education, substance abuse, neurological impairment or psychiatric illness, (5) performance in the valid range (i.e., score of at least 15/16) on the forced choice recognition trial, a measure of effort and motivation (Moore & Donders, 2004), and (6) not currently involved in disputed financial compensation seeking. Only four potential participants who had not already been excluded for ongoing litigation or prior psychiatric history, were eliminated for failing the forced choice recognition trial of the CVLT-II. Three of them had sustained mild injuries, as defined below, and only one had extended length of coma. All of the remaining participants also completed and passed one or more of the following measures of effort: Word Memory Test, Test of Memory Malingering, and/or Reliable Digit Span. Only initial evaluations were used in this study. During the course
3 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) Table 1 Demographic characteristics of control (n = 100), mild TBI (n = 57) and moderate severe TBI (n = 43) groups Variable Control Mild Moderate severe Age (years; M, SD) (16.64) (13.66) (18.09) Days since injury (M, SD) (87.12) (61.38) Gender (%) Female Male Ethnicity (%) African Asian Caucasian Latino Education (%) 11 years years years years Note. TBI: traumatic brain injury. Control data are from the standardization sample of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II). Copyright 2000 by Harcourt Assessment, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved. of this investigation, the CVLT-II was routinely included in neuropsychological assessments of patients with TBI at the facility where this research was completed, except under circumstances that would have invalidated the test results (e.g., not fluent in English). Most of the clinical participants had been injured in a motor vehicle accident as a driver (n = 52), passenger (n = 23) or pedestrian (n = 2). Other injury conditions included falls (n = 9), recreational activities (n = 7), and other (n = 7). The average time since injury at the time of assessment was days (SD = 77.61, range = ). Several potential measures of injury severity were initially considered, including the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), length of posttraumatic amnesia (PTA), and length of coma. GCS scores were often affected by sedation, and tended to be quite variable in the first 24 h; making this an unstable index of injury severity. Length of PTA needed to be estimated retrospectively in a considerable proportion of the sample, and such estimates may not be reliable. For these reasons, injury severity was based on length of coma (defined as the number of days until verbal commands were followed), combined with results from neuroimaging of the brain in acute care, consistent with previously established criteria (Donders, Tulsky, & Zhu, 2001). Patients with moderate severe TBI (n = 43) had evidence of an acute intracranial lesion in neuroimaging studies (n = 38) or duration of coma of at least 24 h (n = 25), or both. Injuries were classified as mild (n = 57) if there was no evidence of acute intracranial lesions on neuroimaging studies and coma was less then 24 h. Twenty of the 47 participants in the moderate severe TBI group had also been included in a previous study that examined the psychometric characteristics of recall discriminability indices for the short and long, free and cued recall CVLT-II variables (Donders & Nienhuis, in press). That particular study was based on a much smaller sample, and did not include patients with mild TBI. After selection of the clinical sample, a demographically matched control group (n = 100) was obtained from the CVLT-II standardization sample. The control sample did not include any persons with self-reported neurological or psychiatric disorders (Delis et al., 2000). Background characteristics of the complete clinical and control samples are presented in Table Procedure The CVLT-II was administered according to standardized procedures to clinical participants as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Almost all of the participants had been assessed as outpatients, with evaluations done on an inpatient basis only when it would have been unfeasible for them to return for evaluation as an outpatient (e.g., living in a remote area without reliable access to transportation). All of the participants were evaluated only when they were medically stable and could recall meaningful information from day to day. Clinical patients 18 years
4 146 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) and older provided informed consent, and participants under the age of 18 assented with the consent of their parents. CVLT-II raw scores were converted to age and gender corrected z (M =0,SD = 1) and T (M = 50, SD = 10) scores, using commercially available software (Delis & Fridlund, 2000) Materials The CVLT-II is an individually administered list-learning task, which is used to examine several variables with regard to the ability to learn and remember verbally presented information. It also includes a forced choice trial administration that is intended to assess level of effort and motivation on the test. The main variables of interest for the purpose of this investigation were the following. The total A 1 5 T score reflects accurate recall over the five learning trials of the first list, and is most often used as a summary index of learning on the CVLT-II, with higher scores reflecting better performance. However, this index does not take into account recall errors. For this reason the z score for the total number of Intrusions across learning and recall trials was also considered. Higher scores reflect worse performance (i.e., more recall errors) on this variable. It was determined a priori that if there would be statistically significant group differences in terms of both accurate recall (total A 1 5 T score) and inaccurate recall (Intrusions), subsequent analysis of diagnostic classification accuracy would focus on the z scores for the recall discriminability indices, which consider the balance of accurate and inaccurate recall. The recall discriminability indices take into account the total number of words recalled on a trial, possible number of target words, the number of intrusions reported, and the number of possible intrusions (16). In this way, someone who has a large number of correct responses, but also has large number of intrusions will have a lower score then someone who has a large number of correct answers, but relatively few intrusions. Conversely, someone who recalls relatively few target words, but who also has relatively few intrusions will also have an impaired discriminability score, but it will not be as poor as that of someone who recalls few correct words and provides many intrusive errors (Delis et al., 2000). In addition, we planned to include in the analyses the z score for recognition discriminability index derived from the yes/no Recognition trial because it was considered possible that some patients might show improved performance under a recognition format, as opposed to free or semantically cued recall. Higher z scores reflect better performance for all discriminability variables Statistical analyses Mean group differences on the CVLT-II were evaluated with analysis of variance. In order to balance the risk of Type I and Type II errors with multiple comparisons, the Stepdown Bonferroni correction was applied to post hoc contrasts. Covariances between selected variables were calculated with the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Finally, classification accuracy was evaluated by means of logistic regression analysis. 2. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two clinical groups and the control group in terms of age, gender, ethnicity (dichotomized as Caucasian vs. other), or educational attainment (p >.05 for all variables). This suggests that they were adequately matched on demographic characteristics. The difference in time since injury between the two TBI groups was also not statistically significant, F (1, 98) = 2.19, p >.10, η 2 = Since we did not include a minimum time since injury requirement in this study, we also computed correlations between time post injury and the four dependent variables of interest, total A 1 5, intrusions, total recall discriminability, and recognition discriminability, in the complete clinical sample. None of these correlations were statistically significant (p >.10 for all variables). Table 2 presents the CVLT-II results for the mild TBI, moderate severe TBI, and control groups. Findings from the immediate and delayed, free and cued recall discriminability indices yielded virtually the same results as those for the total recall discriminability index. For reasons of brevity and clarity, only results from total recall discriminability are reported here. Inspection of Table 2 suggests that the moderate severe TBI group had relatively worse performance across all CVLT-II variables than the control group, with the mild TBI group taking an intermediate position. There were statistically significant main effects of group for total A 1 5, F (2, 197) = 7.91, p <.0005, η 2 = 0.07, as well as for Intrusions, F (2, 197) = 8.83, p <.0002, η 2 = Given this combination of findings, we followed through
5 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) Table 2 Means and standard deviations of control (n = 100), mild TBI (n = 57) and moderate severe TBI (n = 43) groups for four CVLT-II variables Variable Control Mild Moderate severe Total A 1 5 T score (M, SD) (9.06) (11.65) (11.5) Intrusions z score (M, SD) 0.04 (0.84) 0.40 (1.17) 0.85 (1.36) Total recall discriminability z score (M, SD) 0.09 (0.93) 0.26 (1.18) 0.90 (1.26) Recognition discriminability z score (M, SD) 0.18 (0.86) 0.31 (1.12) 0.61 (1.10) Note. TBI: traumatic brain injury. CVLT-II: California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition. Control data are from the standardization sample of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II). Copyright 2000 by Harcourt Assessment, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved. Table 3 Classification accuracy (%) of selected CVLT-II variables CVLT-II variable Sensitivity Specificity False positives False negatives Total recall discriminability Recognition discriminability Note. CVLT-II: California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition. on our original plan to focus subsequent analyses on the total recall discriminability index, F (2, 197) = 12.48, p <.0001, η 2 = 0.11, and the recognition discriminability index F (2, 197) = 10.56, p <.0001, η 2 = Post-hoc contrasts with the Stepdown Bonferroni correction suggested that: (a) the moderate severe TBI group performed statistically significantly worse than the control group on both total recall discriminability, F (1, 141) = 26.91, p <.0006, η 2 = 0.16, and recognition discriminability, F (1, 141) = 20.87, p <.0008, η 2 = 0.13; (b) the performance of the moderate severe TBI group was also statistically significantly worse than that of the mild TBI group on total recall discriminability, F (1, 98) = 6.61, p <.04, η 2 = 0.06, but not on recognition discriminability, F (1, 98) = 1.76, p >.10, η 2 = 0.02; and (c) the mild TBI group performed statistically significantly worse than the control group on recognition discriminability, F (1, 155) = 9.14, p <.02, η 2 = 0.06, but not on total recall discriminability, F (1, 155) = 4.26, p <.09, η 2 = Because these two CVLT-II variables yielded somewhat different results, we evaluated their covariances in the clinical and control samples, as well as their respective sensitivities to length of coma in the complete clinical sample (n = 100). Total recall discriminability and recognition discriminability were strongly correlated in patients with TBI (r =.72, p <.0001), and also in the control participants (r =.66, p <.0001); sharing, respectively, 51.84% and 43.56% of the variance. However, in the complete clinical sample, total recall discriminability demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with length of coma, r =.21, p <.04, whereas recognition discriminability did not, r =.14, p >.10. For these reasons, we decided to include both variables in the subsequent analyses. We then used logistic regression analysis to determine how accurately these CVLT-II variables could classify individuals into the moderate severe TBI (n = 43) and control (n = 100) groups. Analyses were run separately for total recall discriminability and recognition discriminability. These results are presented in Table 3. Total recall discriminability predicted group membership correctly 66.43% of the time, with a likelihood ratio of 2.01, whereas recognition discriminability classified 70.63% of these participants correctly, with a likelihood ratio of These differences in total accuracy percentages were not statistically significant (z = 0.50, p >.10). Both variables were associated with relatively low false negative rates but fairly high false positive rates. 3. Discussion The purpose of this investigation was to determine the clinical utility of the CVLT-II in differentiating between patients with varying degrees of severity of TBI, and in discriminating such patients from demographically matched healthy controls. The results suggest that CVLT-II variables were moderately effective for this purpose at a group level but not sufficiently accurate on an individual classification basis. Our first hypothesis was largely confirmed. Patients with moderate severe TBI indeed obtained statistically significantly lower mean scores than the control group on both total recall discriminability and recognition discriminability. Furthermore, compared to the mild TBI group, the moderate severe TBI group also performed worse, although this
6 148 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) difference was statistically significant only for total recall discriminability. Thus, in terms of mean group differences, especially the total recall discriminability index appeared to have considerable criterion validity. Support for our second hypothesis was more equivocal. As predicted, the average performance of patients with mild TBI was not statistically different from that of the control group on total recall discriminability. However, contrary to expectation, there was a statistically significant difference between the mild TBI group and the control group on recognition discriminability, in favor of the latter group. It should be noted that this was a relatively small difference, and also that the performance of the mild TBI group on this variable was still within less than half a standard deviation from the normative mean. Furthermore, recognition discriminability did not correlate to a statistically significant degree with length of coma in the complete clinical sample, whereas total recall discriminability did. For these reasons, we conclude that the mean difference between the mild TBI group and the control group on recognition discriminability is of uncertain clinical significance. Replication in a much larger sample would be needed to determine if this finding might reflect the presence of a small subgroup of people with mild TBI with subtle cognitive residuals. With regard to the classification accuracy of the CVLT-II variables, we had set an a priori criterion that, in order to be clinically significant, the CVLT-II should have a likelihood ratio 2. When discriminating between patients with moderate severe TBI and control participants, both total recall discriminability and recognition discriminability met this criterion, suggesting that these CVLT-II variables have the minimal required value in the diagnostic process. However, a concerning finding was that both variables were associated with large proportions of false positives. In fact, approximately half of all the positive classifications (37/69 for total recall discriminability, and 25/51 for recognition discriminability) applied to individuals from the demographically matched control group. This is likely related to the fact that, as seen in Table 2, there was a considerable amount of overlap in the scores between the control group and the moderate severe TBI group. Thus, in clinical circumstances where the base rate of moderate severe TBI is similar to that in the current study (0.30; 43/143), the CVLT-II may have adequate negative predictive value, but problematic positive predictive value. Of course, it needs to be realized that negative and positive predictive accuracies are strongly affected by base rates (Rosenfeld, Sands, & Van Gorp, 2000). Lower base rates would be associated with even higher false positive rates. This is concerning because it is estimated that, of all cases of TBI that occur annually, only about 10 20% involve moderate or severe injuries (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006; Thurman, Alverson, Dunn, Guerrero, & Sniezek, 1999). Our findings suggest that total recall discriminability is the CVLT-II variable with the clearest criterion validity in terms of sensitivity to severity of TBI. However, this variable misclassified an unacceptably large number of the demographically matched control participants. For these reasons, the CVLT-II should not be used in isolation to determine the likelihood of acquired neurocognitive dysfunction. This caution may be especially important in medicolegal contexts involving cases of mild TBI, where other complicating factors are often influential (Binder & Rohling, 1996; Green, Rohling, Lees-Haley, & Allen, 2001). Potential limitations of the present investigation should also be considered. The clinical participants were recruited from a referred convenience sample at a rehabilitation hospital. This may have led to the inclusion of relatively more patients with serious neurological injuries than if they had been selected from consecutive emergency room admissions. At the same time, this also guaranteed a broad range of injury severity, which reduced the probability of unreliable findings due to restriction of range. The clinical sample was also limited largely to Caucasian individuals from the Midwest; therefore, replication with a more ethnically and geographically diverse sample would be desirable. With these limitations in mind, the findings from this investigation indicate that when combined with additional neuropsychological test data, patient history and behavioral observations, the CVLT-II may be clinically useful. However, due to low positive predictive accuracy, the CVLT-II should never be used in isolation to determine the presence or absence of acquired memory impairment or brain injury. Future research should investigate the possibility of different subtypes of impairment of learning and memory, as assessed by the CVLT-II, after TBI. Another goal for future research is to determine the degree to which CVLT-II variables add incremental value (above neurological and demographic variables) in the prediction of longer-term outcome after TBI. Acknowledgements This research was supported by a grant from the Campbell Foundation and was based in part on standardization data of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II). Copyright 2000 by Harcourt Assessment, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved. California Verbal Learning Test and CVLT are trademarks of Harcourt
7 M.L. Jacobs, J. Donders / Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) Assessment, Inc.; registered in the United States of America and other jurisdictions. The authors thank the publisher for access to these standardization data. References American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association. Baldo, J. V., Delis, D., Kramer, J., & Shimamura, A. P. (2002). Memory performance on the California Verbal Learning Test-II: Findings from patients with focal frontal lesions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8, Bigler, E. D. (2001). The lesion(s) in traumatic brain injury: Implications for clinical neuropsychology. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 16, Binder, L. M., & Rohling, M. L. (1996). Money matters: A meta-analytic review of the effects of financial compensation on recovery after closed head injury. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Incidence rates of hospitalization related to traumatic brain injury 12 states, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 55, Crosson, B., Novack, T. A., Trenerry, M. R., & Craig, P. L. (1988). California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) performance in severely head-injured and neurologically normal adult males. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 10, Crosson, B., Sartor, K. J., Jenny, A. B., Nabors, N. A., & Moberg, P. J. (1993). Increased intrusions during verbal recall in traumatic and nontraumatic lesions of the temporal lobe. Neuropsychology, 7, Curtiss, G., Vanderploeg, R. D., Spencer, J., & Salazar, A. M. (2001). Patterns of verbal learning and memory in traumatic brain injury. Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 7, Delis, D. C., & Fridlund, A. J. (2000). CVLT-II comprehensive scoring program. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). California Verbal Learning Test. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California Verbal Learning Test (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Delis, D. C., Wetter, S. R., Jacobson, M. W., Peavy, G., Hamilton, J., Gongvatana, A., et al. (2005). Recall discriminability: Utility of a new CVLT-II measure in the differential diagnosis of dementia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 11, Donders, J., & Nienhuis, J. B. (in press). Utility of CVLT II recall discriminability indices in the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. Donders, J., Tulsky, D. S., & Zhu, J. (2001). Criterion validity of new WAIS-III subtest scores after traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7, Green, P., Rohling, M. L., Lees-Haley, P. R., & Allen, L. M. (2001). Effort has a greater effect on test scores than severe brain injury in compensation claimants. Brain Injury, 15, Grimes, D. A., & Schulz, K. F. (2005). Refining clinical diagnoses with likelihood ratios. Lancet, 365, Hanks, R. A., Ricker, J. H., & Millis, S. R. (2004). Empirical evidence regarding the neuropsychological assessment of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. In J. H. Ricker (Ed.), Differential diagnosis in adult neuropsychological assessment (pp ). New York: Springer. Iverson, G. L. (2005). Outcome from mild traumatic brain injury. Current Opinions in Psychiatry, 18, Ivnik, R. J., Smith, G. E., Cerhan, J. H., Boeve, B. F., Tangalos, E. G., & Peterson, R. C. (2001). Understanding the diagnostic capabilities of cognitive tests. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 15, Larrabee, G. J. (2005). Mild traumatic brain injury. In G. J. Larrabee (Ed.), Forensic neuropsychology: A scientific approach (pp ). New York: Oxford. Mittenberg, W., & Strauman, S. (2000). Diagnosis of mild head injury and the postconcussion syndrome. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 15, Moore, B. A., & Donders, J. (2004). Predictors of invalid neuropsychological test performance after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 18, Rosenfeld, B., Sands, S. A., & Van Gorp, W. G. (2000). Have we forgotten the base rate problem? Methodological issues in the detection of distortion. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 15, Ruff, R. M., Camenzuli, L. F., & Mueller, J. (1996). Miserable minority: Emotional risk factors that influence the outcome of a mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 10, Schretlen, D. J., & Shapiro, A. M. (2003). A quantitative review of the effects of traumatic brain injury on cognitive functioning. International Review of Psychiatry, 15, Thurman, D. J., Alverson, C., Dunn, K. A., Guerrero, J., & Sniezek, J. E. (1999). Traumatic brain injury in the United States: A public health perspective. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 14, Vakil, E. (2005). The effect of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on different aspects of memory: A selective review. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 27, Wiegner, S., & Donders, J. (1999). Performance on the California Verbal Learning Test after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 21,
Performance discrepancies on the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition (CVLT-II) after traumatic brain injury
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 23 (2008) 113 118 Brief report Performance discrepancies on the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition (CVLT-II) after traumatic brain injury Monica L. Jacobs,
More informationThe Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status Effort Scale
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27 (2012) 190 195 The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status Effort Scale Julia Novitski 1,2, Shelly Steele 2, Stella Karantzoulis 3, Christopher
More informationCommentary on Delis and Wetter, Cogniform disorder and cogniform condition: Proposed diagnoses for excessive cognitive symptoms
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) 683 687 Abstract Commentary Commentary on Delis and Wetter, Cogniform disorder and cogniform condition: Proposed diagnoses for excessive cognitive symptoms
More informationElderly Norms for the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised*
The Clinical Neuropsychologist -//-$., Vol., No., pp. - Swets & Zeitlinger Elderly Norms for the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised* Rodney D. Vanderploeg, John A. Schinka, Tatyana Jones, Brent J. Small,
More informationComparison of Predicted-difference, Simple-difference, and Premorbid-estimation methodologies for evaluating IQ and memory score discrepancies
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 19 (2004) 363 374 Comparison of Predicted-difference, Simple-difference, and Premorbid-estimation methodologies for evaluating IQ and memory score discrepancies Reid
More informationAn Initial Validation of Virtual Human Administered Neuropsychological Assessments
Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine 2017 123 An Initial Validation of Virtual Human Administered Neuropsychological Assessments Thomas D. PARSONS a,*, Paul SCHERMERHORN b, Timothy MCMAHAN a,
More informationMedical Symptom Validity Test Performance Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Expectations Based on Orientation Log Classification
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 32 (2017) 339 348 Medical Symptom Validity Test Performance Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Expectations Based on Orientation Log Classification Abstract
More informationUse of the California Verbal Learning Test to Detect Proactive Interference in the Traumatically Brain Injured
Use of the California Verbal Learning Test to Detect Proactive Interference in the Traumatically Brain Injured Bobbi Numan, Jerry J. Sweet, and Charan Ranganath Northwestern University, Evanston Hospital
More informationEffects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 21 (2006) 161 165 Effects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients Y. Tami Yanez, William Fremouw, Jennifer Tennant, Julia Strunk,
More informationDetection and diagnosis of malingering in electrical injury
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 365 373 Detection and diagnosis of malingering in electrical injury Kevin Bianchini a,b, Jeffrey M. Love a,1, Kevin W. Greve a,b,, Donald Adams c Abstract
More informationImproving the Methodology for Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment Across the Lifespan
Improving the Methodology for Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment Across the Lifespan Grant L. Iverson, Ph.D, Professor Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School & Red Sox
More informationInterpreting change on the WAIS-III/WMS-III in clinical samples
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 16 (2001) 183±191 Interpreting change on the WAIS-III/WMS-III in clinical samples Grant L. Iverson* Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook
More informationRapidly-administered short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 3rd edition
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) 917 924 Abstract Rapidly-administered short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 3rd edition Alison J. Donnell a, Neil Pliskin a, James Holdnack
More informationTOPF (Test of Pre-Morbid Function)
TEST OF PREMORBID FUNCTIONING TOPF (Test of Pre-Morbid Function) Case Studies TOPF (Test of Pre-Morbid Function) Case Studies Case Study 1 Client C is a 62-year-old White male with 18 years of education,
More informationThe Albany Consistency Index for the Test of Memory Malingering
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 27 (2012) 1 9 The Albany Consistency Index for the Test of Memory Malingering Jessica H. Gunner 1, *, Andrea S. Miele 1, Julie K. Lynch 2, Robert J. McCaffrey 1,2 1
More informationKEVIN J. BIANCHINI, PH.D., ABPN
KEVIN J. BIANCHINI, PH.D., ABPN Slick et al., 1999 Bianchini et al., 2005 4 4 Criterion A: Evidence of significant external incentive Criterion B: Evidence from physical evaluation 1. Probable effort
More informationPerformance profiles and cut-off scores on the Memory Assessment Scales
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 19 (2004) 489 496 Performance profiles and cut-off scores on the Memory Assessment Scales Sid E. O Bryant a, Kevin Duff b, Jerid Fisher c, Robert J. McCaffrey a,d,
More informationClinical Utility of Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised and Predicted IQ Discrepancies in Closed Head Injury
@ Pergamon Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vol. 12, No. 8, pp. 757 762, 1997 Copyright 1997 Nationaf Academy ofneuropsychology Printed inthe USA, All rights reserved 0887-6177/97$17.00+.00 PIIS0887-6177(97)OO049-8
More informationOptimizing Concussion Recovery: The Role of Education and Expectancy Effects
Rehabilitation Institute of Michigan Optimizing Concussion Recovery: The Role of Education and Expectancy Effects Robin Hanks, Ph.D., ABPP Chief of Rehabilitation Psychology and Neuropsychology Professor
More informationPLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE
This article was downloaded by:[wayne State University] On: 27 February 2008 Access Details: [subscription number 788872989] Publisher: Psychology Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered
More informationConceptualization of Functional Outcomes Following TBI. Ryan Stork, MD
Conceptualization of Functional Outcomes Following TBI Ryan Stork, MD Conceptualization of Functional Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury Ryan Stork, MD Clinical Lecturer Brain Injury Medicine &
More informationID: Test Date: 06/06/2017 Name: John Sample Examiner Name: Tina Anderson
California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition (CVLT 3) CVLT 3 Standard Form Expanded Report Dean C. Delis, Joel H. Kramer, Edith Kaplan and Beth A. Ober Examinee Information Test Information Test Date:
More informationYour choice of SVTs is fundamental to the Slick et al criteria Paul Green Ph.D. paulgreen@shaw.ca www.wordmemorytest.com Central to the criteria is the presence of cognitive symptom exaggeration or feigning
More informationThe Mysterious and Often Perplexing Nature of Mild TBI and Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome
The Mysterious and Often Perplexing Nature of Mild TBI and Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome Robert L. Denney, Psy.D., ABPP Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist Board Certified Forensic Psychologist
More informationMMPI-2 short form proposal: CAUTION
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 18 (2003) 521 527 Abstract MMPI-2 short form proposal: CAUTION Carlton S. Gass, Camille Gonzalez Neuropsychology Division, Psychology Service (116-B), Veterans Affairs
More informationPediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Seth Warschausky, PhD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Michigan
Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Seth Warschausky, PhD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Michigan Modules Module 1: Overview Module 2: Cognitive and Academic Needs Module
More informationThe effects of depression and anxiety on memory performance
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 17 (2002) 57 67 The effects of depression and anxiety on memory performance Ali H. Kizilbash a, Rodney D. Vanderploeg a,b,c, *, Glenn Curtiss a,c a James A. Haley VA
More informationAttention and Memory Dysfunction in Pain Patients While Controlling for Effort on the California Verbal Learning Test-11
University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses 8-10-2005 Attention and Memory Dysfunction in Pain Patients While Controlling for
More informationUsing Neuropsychological Experts. Elizabeth L. Leonard, PhD
Using Neuropsychological Experts Elizabeth L. Leonard, PhD Prepared for Advocate. Arizona Association for Justice/Arizona Trial Lawyers Association. September, 2011 Neurocognitive Associates 9813 North
More informationRelationships among postconcussional-type symptoms, depression, and anxiety in neurologically normal young adults and victims of mild brain injury $
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 16 2001) 435±445 Relationships among postconcussional-type symptoms, depression, and anxiety in neurologically normal young adults and victims of mild brain injury
More informationAn empirical analysis of the BASC Frontal Lobe/Executive Control scale with a clinical sample
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 21 (2006) 495 501 Abstract An empirical analysis of the BASC Frontal Lobe/Executive Control scale with a clinical sample Jeremy R. Sullivan a,, Cynthia A. Riccio b
More informationA semantic verbal fluency test for English- and Spanish-speaking older Mexican-Americans
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 199 208 A semantic verbal fluency test for English- and Spanish-speaking older Mexican-Americans Hector M. González a,, Dan Mungas b, Mary N. Haan a a University
More informationHopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised: Norms for Elderly African Americans
The Clinical Neuropsychologist 1385-4046/02/1603-356$16.00 2002, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 356 372 # Swets & Zeitlinger Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised: Norms for Elderly African Americans Melissa A. Friedman
More informationA confirmatory factor analysis of the WMS-III in a clinical sample with crossvalidation in the standardization sample
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 18 (2003) 629 641 A confirmatory factor analysis of the WMS-III in a clinical sample with crossvalidation in the standardization sample D. Bradley Burton a,, Joseph
More informationPredictors of Neuropsychological Test Performance After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
ASSESSMENT 10.1177/1073191104268914 Donders, Nesbit-Greene / DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES Predictors of Neuropsychological Test Performance After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Jacobus Donders Mary Free Bed
More informationNeuropsychology of TBI & PTSD
Neuropsychology of TBI & PTSD George S. Serna, Ph.D. Louis Stokes VA Medical Center TBI: The Signature Injury of the Iraq/Afghanistan War Veteran? 19% - 30% of OEF/OIF veterans reported some level of TBI
More informationEcological Validity of the WMS-III Rarely Missed Index in Personal Injury Litigation. Rael T. Lange. Riverview Hospital.
This is the authors version of a paper that will be published as: Lange, Rael T. Lange and Sullivan, Karen A. and Anderson, Debbie (2005) Ecological validity of the WMS-III Rarely Missed Index in personal
More informationConcurrent validity of WAIS-III short forms in a geriatric sample with suspected dementia: Verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 1043 1051 Concurrent validity of WAIS-III short forms in a geriatric sample with suspected dementia: Verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores Brian L.
More informationTHE VALIDITY OF THE LETTER MEMORY TEST AS A MEASURE OF MEMORY MALINGERING: ROBUSTNESS TO COACHING. A dissertation presented to.
THE VALIDITY OF THE LETTER MEMORY TEST AS A MEASURE OF MEMORY MALINGERING: ROBUSTNESS TO COACHING A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial
More informationCRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER
CRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER FOCUSED QUESTION For individuals with memory and learning impairments due to traumatic brain injury, does use of the self-generation effect (items self-generated by the subject)
More informationTrends in Symptom Validity, Memory and Psychological Test Performance as. Functions of Time and Malingering Rating. A Thesis. Submitted to the Faculty
Trends in Symptom Validity, Memory and Psychological Test Performance as Functions of Time and Malingering Rating A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Maryellen McClain in partial
More informationDOES IMPAIRED EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING DIFFERENTIALLY IMPACT VERBAL MEMORY MEASURES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SUSPECTED DEMENTIA?
The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 20: 230 242, 2006 Copyright # Taylor and Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1385-4046 print=1744-4144 online DOI: 10.1080/13854040590947461 DOES IMPAIRED EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING DIFFERENTIALLY
More informationMild Traumatic Brain Injury: Nosology & Pathogenesis
Psychological Medicine Clinical Academic Group (CAG) Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Nosology & Pathogenesis Mike Dilley, Lishman Unit, Maudsley Hospital michael.dilley@slam.nhs.uk A 38-year-old woman presents
More informationThe Interchangeability of CVLT-II and WMS-IV Verbal Paired Associates Scores: A Slightly Different Story
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 30 (2015) 248 255 The Interchangeability of CVLT-II and WMS-IV Verbal Paired Associates Scores: A Slightly Different Story Abstract Indrani Thiruselvam*, Elisabeth
More informationEffects of Coaching on Detecting Feigned Cognitive Impairment with the Category Test
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 399 413, 2000 Copyright 2000 National Academy of Neuropsychology Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0887-6177/00 $ see front matter PII S0887-6177(99)00031-1
More informationEstimates of the Reliability and Criterion Validity of the Adolescent SASSI-A2
Estimates of the Reliability and Criterion Validity of the Adolescent SASSI-A 01 Camelot Lane Springville, IN 4746 800-76-056 www.sassi.com In 013, the SASSI Profile Sheets were updated to reflect changes
More informationThe unexamined lie is a lie worth fibbing Neuropsychological malingering and the Word Memory Test
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 17 (2002) 709 714 The unexamined lie is a lie worth fibbing Neuropsychological malingering and the Word Memory Test David E. Hartman Private Practice/Chicago Medical
More informationCRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP)
CRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP) Couillet, J., Soury, S., Lebornec, G., Asloun, S., Joseph, P., Mazaux, J., & Azouvi, P. (2010). Rehabilitation of divided attention after severe traumatic brain injury:
More informationOutcomes From Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. A dissertation presented to. the faculty of. the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University
The Influence of Premorbid Attention and Behavior Problems on Neurobehavioral Outcomes From Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences
More informationCognitive recovery after severe head injury 2. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale during post-traumatic amnesia
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 1975, 38, 1127-1132 Cognitive recovery after severe head injury 2. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale during post-traumatic amnesia IAN A. MANDLEBERG
More informationVerbal IQ performance IQ differentials in traumatic brain injury samples
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 17 (2002) 49 56 Verbal IQ performance IQ differentials in traumatic brain injury samples Keith A. Hawkins*, Kirsten Plehn, Susan Borgaro Department of Psychiatry, Yale
More informationThe Impact of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Cognitive Functioning Following Co-occurring Spinal Cord Injury
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 28 (2013) 684 691 The Impact of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Cognitive Functioning Following Co-occurring Spinal Cord Injury Abstract Stephen N. Macciocchi 1,2, *,
More informationComparability Study of Online and Paper and Pencil Tests Using Modified Internally and Externally Matched Criteria
Comparability Study of Online and Paper and Pencil Tests Using Modified Internally and Externally Matched Criteria Thakur Karkee Measurement Incorporated Dong-In Kim CTB/McGraw-Hill Kevin Fatica CTB/McGraw-Hill
More informationDonald A. Davidoff, Ph.D., ABPDC Chief, Neuropsychology Department, McLean Hospital Assistant Professor of Psychology, Harvard Medical School
Donald A. Davidoff, Ph.D., ABPDC Chief, Neuropsychology Department, McLean Hospital Assistant Professor of Psychology, Harvard Medical School Interests: Adult/Geriatric/Forensic Neuropsychology ddavidoff@mclean.harvard.edu
More informationPublished online: 05 Nov 2013.
This article was downloaded by: [University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)] On: 07 November 2013, At: 06:39 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954
More informationTest review. Comprehensive Trail Making Test (CTMT) By Cecil R. Reynolds. Austin, Texas: PRO-ED, Inc., Test description
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 19 (2004) 703 708 Test review Comprehensive Trail Making Test (CTMT) By Cecil R. Reynolds. Austin, Texas: PRO-ED, Inc., 2002 1. Test description The Trail Making Test
More informationFunctional Level During the First Year After Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Course and Predictors of Outcome
Original Article Elmer ress Functional Level During the First Year After Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Course and Predictors of Outcome Maria Sandhaug a, b, e, Nada Andelic c, Svein A Berntsen
More informationCharacterization of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in evaluation of clinically referred memory disorders clinic patients
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 22 (2007) 753 761 Characterization of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in evaluation of clinically referred memory disorders clinic patients Abstract Laura L.S. Howe
More informationNeuropsychological Performance in Cannabis Users and Non-Users Following Motivation Manipulation
University at Albany, State University of New York Scholars Archive Psychology Honors College 5-2010 Neuropsychological Performance in Cannabis Users and Non-Users Following Motivation Manipulation Michelle
More informationSHORT REPORT. Is Acute Stress Disorder the optimal means to identify child and adolescent trauma survivors. at risk for later PTSD?
SHORT REPORT Is Acute Stress Disorder the optimal means to identify child and adolescent trauma survivors at risk for later PTSD? Tim Dalgleish PhD, Richard Meiser-Stedman PhD, Nancy Kassam-Adams PhD,
More informationDVHIP. TBI: Clinical Issues, Controversies, and Learning from Patients. Defense and Veterans Head Injury Program. What is Neuropsychology?
TBI: Clinical Issues, Controversies, and Learning from Patients DVHIP Defense and Veterans Head Injury Program Richard A. Lanham, Jr., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Division of Medical Psychology Psychiatry
More informationPotential for interpretation disparities of Halstead Reitan neuropsychological battery performances in a litigating sample,
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 21 (2006) 809 817 Potential for interpretation disparities of Halstead Reitan neuropsychological battery performances in a litigating sample, Abstract Christine L.
More informationCorrespondence should be addressed to Torun Gangaune Finnanger; Received 25 June 2015; Accepted 1 September 2015
Behavioural Neurology Volume 2015, Article ID 329241, 19 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/329241 Research Article Life after Adolescent and Adult Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Self-Reported
More informationMinimizing Misdiagnosis: Psychometric Criteria for Possible or Probable Memory Impairment
Original Research Article DOI: 10.1159/000215390 Accepted: January 30, 2009 Published online: April 28, 2009 Minimizing Misdiagnosis: Psychometric Criteria for Possible or Probable Memory Impairment Brian
More informationAssessment of Memory
Journal of the K. S. C. N. Vol. 2, No. 2 Assessment of Memory Juhwa Lee Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kaemyung University - Abstract - The characteristics of human memory structure and
More informationNeuropsychological Sequale of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Professor Magdalena Mateo. Megan Healy
Neuropsychological Sequale of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Professor Magdalena Mateo Megan Healy Abstract: Studies have proven that mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI), commonly known as concussions, can
More informationEffortless Effort: Current Views on Assessing Malingering litigants in Neuropsychological Assessments
Article ID: WMC002014 2046-1690 Effortless Effort: Current Views on Assessing Malingering litigants in Neuropsychological Assessments Corresponding Author: Dr. Simon B Thompson, Associate Professor, Psychology
More informationNeuropsychological Correlates of Performance Based Functional Status in Elder Adult Protective Services Referrals for Capacity Assessments
Neuropsychological Correlates of Performance Based Functional Status in Elder Adult Protective Services Referrals for Capacity Assessments Jason E. Schillerstrom, MD schillerstr@uthscsa.edu Schillerstrom
More informationTest Validity. What is validity? Types of validity IOP 301-T. Content validity. Content-description Criterion-description Construct-identification
What is? IOP 301-T Test Validity It is the accuracy of the measure in reflecting the concept it is supposed to measure. In simple English, the of a test concerns what the test measures and how well it
More informationCHAPTER 5. The intracarotid amobarbital or Wada test: unilateral or bilateral?
CHAPTER 5 Chapter 5 CHAPTER 5 The intracarotid amobarbital or Wada test: unilateral or bilateral? SG Uijl FSS Leijten JBAM Arends J Parra AC van Huffelen PC van Rijen KGM Moons Submitted 2007. 74 Abstract
More informationAn adult version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED-A)
Netherlands Journal of Psychology / SCARED adult version 81 An adult version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED-A) Many questionnaires exist for measuring anxiety; however,
More informationExecutive dysfunction in traumatic brain injury: The effects of injury severity and effort on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
This article was downloaded by: [Stephen F Austin State University] On: 25 May 2015, At: 10:17 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office:
More informationS P O U S A L R ES E M B L A N C E I N PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: A C O M PA R I SO N O F PA R E N T S O F C H I LD R E N W I T H A N D WITHOUT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
Aggregation of psychopathology in a clinical sample of children and their parents S P O U S A L R ES E M B L A N C E I N PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: A C O M PA R I SO N O F PA R E N T S O F C H I LD R E N W I T H
More informationWPE. WebPsychEmpiricist
McKinzey, R. K., Podd, M., & Kreibehl, M. A. (6/25/04). Concurrent validity of the TOMM and LNNB. WebPsychEmpiricist. Retrieved (date), from http://wpe.info/papers_table.html WPE WebPsychEmpiricist Concurrent
More informationPresentation Overview
Co-occurring Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Use Disorders Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Presentation Overview Co-occurrence as indexed by injury or receipt of SUD treatment Co-occurrence
More informationDUI Arrests, BAC at the Time of Arrest and Offender Assessment Test Results for Alcohol Problems
DUI Arrests, BAC at the Time of Arrest and Offender Assessment Test Results for Alcohol Problems Donald D Davignon, Ph.D. 8-14-01 Abstract Many DUI/DWI offenders have drinking problems. To further reduce
More informationProcess of a neuropsychological assessment
Test selection Process of a neuropsychological assessment Gather information Review of information provided by referrer and if possible review of medical records Interview with client and his/her relative
More informationThe Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): normative data from cognitively intact, cognitively impaired, and elderly patients with dementia
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 19 (2004) 455 464 The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): normative data from cognitively intact, cognitively impaired, and elderly patients with dementia Gordon Teichner,
More informationUnderstanding Brain-Behavior Relationships in Children p. 123 Medical and Neurological Disorders of Childhood p. 124 Issues Particular to Pediatric
Contributors About this handbook p. 3 Clinical Neuropsychology: General Issues The Medical Chart: Efficient Information-Gathering Strategies and Proper Chart Noting p. xix The Chart Review p. 10 The Progress
More informationMeasurement and Classification of Neurocognitive Disability in HIV/AIDS Robert K. Heaton Ph.D University of California San Diego Ancient History
Measurement and Classification of Neurocognitive Disability in HIV/AIDS Robert K. Heaton Ph.D University of California San Diego Ancient History Group Means for NP and MMPI Variables N=381 Consecutive
More informationChanges, Challenges and Solutions: Overcoming Cognitive Deficits after TBI Sarah West, Ph.D. Hollee Stamper, LCSW, CBIS
Changes, Challenges and Solutions: Overcoming Cognitive Deficits after TBI Sarah West, Ph.D. Hollee Stamper, LCSW, CBIS Learning Objectives 1. Be able to describe the characteristics of brain injury 2.
More informationM P---- Ph.D. Clinical Psychologist / Neuropsychologist
M------- P---- Ph.D. Clinical Psychologist / Neuropsychologist NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION Name: Date of Birth: Date of Evaluation: 05-28-2015 Tests Administered: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Fourth
More informationAcute Stabilization In A Trauma Program: A Pilot Study. Colin A. Ross, MD. Sean Burns, MA, LLP
In Press, Psychological Trauma Acute Stabilization In A Trauma Program: A Pilot Study Colin A. Ross, MD Sean Burns, MA, LLP Address correspondence to: Colin A. Ross, MD, 1701 Gateway, Suite 349, Richardson,
More informationBackground 6/24/2014. Validity Testing in Pediatric Populations. Michael Kirkwood, PhD, ABPP/CN. Conflict of Interest Statement
Validity Testing in Pediatric Populations Michael Kirkwood, PhD, ABPP/CN Background Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist at Children s Hospital Colorado Exclusively pediatric-focused Patient work
More informationExploring the Relationship Between Substance Abuse and Dependence Disorders and Discharge Status: Results and Implications
MWSUG 2017 - Paper DG02 Exploring the Relationship Between Substance Abuse and Dependence Disorders and Discharge Status: Results and Implications ABSTRACT Deanna Naomi Schreiber-Gregory, Henry M Jackson
More informationTHE ESSENTIAL BRAIN INJURY GUIDE
THE ESSENTIAL BRAIN INJURY GUIDE Outcomes Section 9 Measurements & Participation Presented by: Rene Carfi, LCSW, CBIST Senior Brain Injury Specialist Brain Injury Alliance of Connecticut Contributors Kimberly
More informationCorrespondence of Pediatric Inpatient Behavior Scale (PIBS) Scores with DSM Diagnosis and Problem Severity Ratings in a Referred Pediatric Sample
1 1999 Florida Conference on Child Health Psychology Gainesville, FL Correspondence of Pediatric Inpatient Behavior Scale (PIBS) Scores with DSM Diagnosis and Problem Severity Ratings in a Referred Pediatric
More informationTHE LONG TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DAILY SEDATIVE INTERRUPTION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS
THE LONG TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DAILY SEDATIVE INTERRUPTION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS John P. Kress, MD, Brian Gehlbach, MD, Maureen Lacy, PhD, Neil Pliskin, PhD, Anne S. Pohlman, RN, MSN, and
More informationClinical Study Depressive Symptom Clusters and Neuropsychological Performance in Mild Alzheimer s and Cognitively Normal Elderly
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Depression Research and Treatment Volume 2011, Article ID 396958, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2011/396958 Clinical Study Depressive Symptom Clusters and Neuropsychological Performance
More informationNaming Test of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery: Convergent and Discriminant Validity
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 24 (2009) 575 583 Naming Test of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery: Convergent and Discriminant Validity Brian P. Yochim*, Katherine D. Kane, Anne E. Mueller
More informationVocational Outcomes of State Voc Rehab Clients with TBI M OMBIS
Vocational Outcomes of State Voc Rehab Clients with TBI M OMBIS Brick Johnstone, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Department of Health Psychology, DC046.46 University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, MO 65212 573-882-6290
More informationFeasibility of a Brief Neuropsychologic Test Battery During Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury
942 SPECIAL SECTION: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Feasibility of a Brief Neuropsychologic Test Battery During Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury Kathleen Kalmar, PhD, Thomas A. Novack, PhD,
More informationTechnical Specifications
Technical Specifications In order to provide summary information across a set of exercises, all tests must employ some form of scoring models. The most familiar of these scoring models is the one typically
More informationSupplementary Online Content
Supplementary Online Content Subotnik KL, Casaus LR, Ventura J, et al. Long-acting injectable risperidone for relapse prevention and control of breakthrough symptoms after a recent first episode of schizophrenia:
More informationImpulsivity, negative expectancies, and marijuana use: A test of the acquired preparedness model
Addictive Behaviors 30 (2005) 1071 1076 Short communication Impulsivity, negative expectancies, and marijuana use: A test of the acquired preparedness model Laura Vangsness*, Brenna H. Bry, Erich W. LaBouvie
More informationExecutive Dysfunction following Traumatic Brain Injury and Factors Related to Impairment
University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses 12-15-2007 Executive Dysfunction following Traumatic Brain Injury and Factors Related
More informationCRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP)
CRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPER (CAP) Twamley, E. W., Jak, A. J., Delis, D. C., Bondi, M. W., & Lohr, J. B. (2014). Cognitive Symptom Management and Rehabilitation Therapy (CogSMART) for Veterans with traumatic
More information7/20/17. Objectives. Genetic variation in candidate biomarkers predicts recovery and may affect biomarker utility. Nicole Osier, PhD, RN
Genetic variation in candidate biomarkers predicts recovery and may affect biomarker utility Nicole Osier, PhD, RN TBI* Objectives Describe the state-of-the-science for traumatic brain injury as it relates
More informationInformed consent in clinical neuropsychology practice Official statement of the National Academy of Neuropsychology
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 20 (2005) 335 340 Informed consent in clinical neuropsychology practice Official statement of the National Academy of Neuropsychology D. Johnson-Greene Department of
More information