SYNOPSIS THE HIERARCHY OF HUMAN NEEDS OF THE MAJOR CHARACTER IN FILM THE DEVIL WEARS PRADA. Asti Nurtasiya NIM

Transcription

1 SYNOPSIS THE HIERARCHY OF HUMAN NEEDS OF THE MAJOR CHARACTER IN FILM THE DEVIL WEARS PRADA Asti Nurtasiya NIM ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2010

2 ABSTRACT Asti Nurtasiya, The Hierarchy of Human Needs of the Major Character in Film the Devil Wears Prada. Thesis. Jakarta: English Letters Department. Letters and Humanities Faculty. State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah, June The research is aimed at finding out the main character self actualization of the Devil Wears Prada film. The writer analyzes the character of the main character. This characteristic influences the character herself in fulfilling the needs. The writer identifies the character s characteristics and problems of the main character which revealed along her journey to get her self-actualization. The method which is used by the writer in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data are analyzed by watching the movie, analyzed the dialogue and understanding the dialogue and the motion picture of the movie. This research discussed characteristics of main character, Andrea Sachs, which influenced herself in fulfilling the needs. Her characteristic took an important role so that she can fulfill the needs that lead her to self-actualization. Hierarchy of human needs are classified into five level, they are which is Physiological Needs, Safety Needs, Love and Belongingness, Esteem Needs, and Self-Actualization Needs. Even there are some obstacles that she faces but she can get through it and fulfill the needs from the lowest level to the highest level so that the main character finally accomplishes all levels and get selfactualization.

3 APPROVEMENT THE HIERARCHY OF HUMAN NEEDS OF THE MAJOR CHARACTER IN FILM THE DEVIL WEARS PRADA A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata 1 By: ASTI NURTASIYA NIM Approved By: Inayatul Chusna, M.Hum NIP

4 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2010 LEGALIZATION Name : Asti Nurtasiya Nim : Title : The Hierarchy of Human Needs of the Major Character in Film the Devil Wears Prada The thesis has been defended before the Faculty of Letter and Humanities Examination Committee on June, 24 th, It has been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of strata one. Jakarta, 24 June 2010

5 Examination Committee Signature Date 1. Dr. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd (Chair Person) Drs Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd (Secretary) Inayatul Chusna, M.Hum (Advisor) Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum (Examiner I) Dr. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd (Examiner II)

6 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the universities or other institute of higher learning, except where the acknowledgement has been made in the text. Jakarta, 24 June 2010 Asti Nurtasiya

7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. First of all, the writer would like to thank Allah SWT for all His favor and guidance in completing this thesis. All praises belong to Him, the Creator of living things from being nothing to existence. Many salutation and benediction be unto the noblest of the prophet and messenger, Muhammad SAW. The thesis is submitted in partial accomplishment of the requirement for the Strata 1 Degree to The Faculty of Adab and Humanities, English Letters Department State Islamic Unversity Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. In this occasion, the writer would like to express a special thank to her parents, for giving their full-financial, spiritual supports, and all the contribution during her study and the process of making this thesis. Then, the writer also would like to thank to her advisor, Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum, for his guidance and contribution in finishing this thesis. The writer would also like to express her deepest gratitude to those whom have helped her finishing this paper; DR. H. Abdul Chair, M.A as the Dean of Faculty of Adab and Humanities, DR. M. Farkhan, M.Pd as the Head of English Letters Department, Drs. A. Saefuddin, M.Pd as the Secretary of English Letters Department, and also to all of the lecturers in English Letters Department whom she cannot mention one by one, who have taught and educated her during her study in UIN. The writer would also like to thank to her parents Iman Subekti and Dewi Gandapuri for the love and the support that they gave to her. Dedy Rahmadi for the supports, love and attention that always be given to her. Ivon Octaviana, Nur Hikmah, Dewi Pusfita Sari, and Ummu Nadhrah, whom without, she would have been empty in UIN Syahid. Thanks for giving her supports, new experiences, and all the joy and fun they have shared together.

8 Thanks to all of her friends in English Letters department, especially class C, Dian Rizqy, Dwi Laelatul Fajriah, KKS Group and other friends that she can t mention one by one. They have been struggling together and supporting each other for more than 4 years. Let s strive for the best and for our future. Finally, the writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect and hopes that this thesis can be used as well as possible. Jakarta, 24 June 2010 Asti Nurtasiya

9 TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT i APPROVEMENT... ii LEGALIZATION... iii DECLARATION... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... v TABLE OF CONTENT... vii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION... 1 A. Background of the Study... 1 B. Focus of the Study... 4 C. Research Questions... 5 D. Significance of the Research... 5 E. Research Methodology... 5 CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK... 8 A. Maslow s Theory - Hierarchy of Human Needs Theory Physiological Needs Safety Needs... 11

10 3. Love or Belongingness Needs Esteem Needs Self-Actualization Needs B. Character and Characterization CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH FINDINGS A. Data Description B. Analysis Character Analysis Hierarchy of Needs in the Main Character. 23 CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion B. Suggestion BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX.. 40

11 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Film has been growing into an interesting industry to express people s creative thought and skill. Most of people consider film as a media to share their ideas and opinions about some phenomena in the real life and sees it as a promising business as well since most people like to spend their spare time by watching film. Film is a unique art production and has a strong influence toward its viewer because it combines paint, technology, music, literature, and drama. 1 On the other hand, film also reflects political and social pressures and issues indirectly in many complex and contradictory ways 2 Unlike the novel, short story, or play, film is not an easy thing to study. It also cannot be ignored because studying it requires extra effort. In watching a film we shouldn t ignore the principles of literary or dramatic analysis. Literature and films do share many elements and communicate in similar ways. 3 The Devil Wears Prada is a comedy-drama movie which is adaptation of Lauren Weisberger s 2003 novel of the same name. It is starred by Anne Hathaway as Andy Sachs, a recent college graduate who goes to New York City 1 Boogs, Joseph M. and Petrie Dennis W. The Art Of Watching Films, p.2 2 Lausen, John Howard. Film the creative process Boogs, Joseph M. and Petrie Dennis W. The Art Of Watching Films, p.32

12 and gets a job as a co-assistant to powerful demanding fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep. This film which based on Lauren Weisberger's best-selling novel tells us about a young woman who stumbles into the hectic worlds of high fashion and publishing. Andrea "Andy" Sachs is a bright young woman from the Midwest who has just graduated from college and wants to work as a magazine writer. Andy has applied for a job at "Runway," America's most prestigious fashion journal; though Andy has little interest in the garment trade, they are one of the only magazines in New York with a good recommendation. When a person hired as assistant to its editor Miranda Priestly it will open lots of opportunity. As Andy quickly learns, Miranda is a diva with plenty of power within the magazine business and she isn't afraid to use it, and though Andy lands the job, primarily by being in the right place at the right time, she soon learns that working for Miranda could test the patience of a saint thanks to her endless demands and refusal to acknowledge the end of a work day. Andy struggles to hold on to the job and her sanity, knowing that a recommendation from Miranda can open nearly any door at any magazine. 4 Andy father know it is not the life that his daughter would want. He asked Andy to stop working there but Andy refuses. Andy convinces her father that he can handle the entire problem and get her dreams in the same time. Andy s 4 Accesed on Tuesday, December 1 st, 2009.

13 boyfriend, Nate Cooper, do the same thing. He asked Andy to quit and looked for another job. Nate is thinking that Andy starts loosing her identity and become somebody else. This movie is telling about how a young woman pursues her life and gets her self self-actualization. In order to see whether she is success or not it, there are some characteristic that influence the process of getting the self-actualization. A person characters can influence the person life to get motivation that can lead her to self-actualization, so that the person can reach the perfect ness of life and feel satisfy about the life itself. Character in a story can be treated like a human character. Therefore, every character has some processes that reveal the need that the character must fulfill. In order to understand the needs that the character must fulfill, the writer will analyze the main character by the concept Hierarchy of Human Needs by Abraham H. Maslow s Theory. The main character in The Devil Wears Prada has needs which must be fulfilled in her life. In this story, Andy is described as a woman who is a hard working woman, smart and she also has the patience of a saint. She cannot refuse any order from Miranda Priestly, her boss. Andy always tries to fulfill what Miranda wants, doing exactly what Miranda wants, even though sometimes it is so hard, Andy always tried to do the best to please her boss. In fact everything started to change. She started to loose her personality and it makes her started to lose her purpose in life. Everything can change if Andy wants to try to change it.

14 In this story Andrea struggle a lot to have a life that she dreams of even though it is hard. It s always said that thousand of people would die for this job, but whether it affect the same way to Andrea or not, so it will need a further analysis. In order that, the writer will analyzed it by applying Maslow s theory about the human needs to see whether Andy can or cannot reach the self actualization in the hierarchy of human needs by Abraham Maslow in fulfilling her dreams and to see what characterization of Andy that made her can or can not fulfill self actualization in the hierarchy of human needs B. Focus of the Study. This research will focus on the main character Andrea Andy Sachs, as the main character by using human needs theory. C. Research Questions. Based on the background of the study and the focus of the study above, the writer would like to propose the statements of the problem as: 1. What are the characteristics of Andrea Andy Sachs in The Devil Wears Prada movie? 2. How does the main character fulfill the hierarchy of needs viewed from Abraham H. Maslow s theory. D. Significance of the Study.

15 The writer hopes that this literary research can give some significant information for the readers who are interested in literature and know further the main character s need in their searches using Hierarchy of Human Needs theory. E. Research Methodology. such as: The methodologies of this research are including some aspects of the research 1. Objective of the Study. 1. The purpose of this research is to know about the characteristics of Andrea Sachs. 2. To describe the main character in fulfilling her needs viewed from Abraham H. Maslow theory. 2. The Method. The writer tries to get an answer of the question that depicts in the research questions. The writer uses the qualitative research method. 3. Data Analysis. The writer uses the descriptive analytical technique to analyze some kind of the characteristics of Andrea Sachs character that has related to theory of Human Needs. In this analysis, the writer explains the data such as the

16 dialogues and pictures of this movie and then analyzes them based on the theory of Human Needs. 4. The Instrument. The instrument of this research is the writer herself by watching The Devil Wears Prada movie and then she maps some of the characteristics of Andrea Andy Sachs and analyzes it by using Abraham H. Maslow s Human Needs theory. 5. The Unit of Analysis. The unit of analysis in this research is The Devil Wears Prada movie (2006) which is based on a novel written by Lauren Weisberger, the screenplay by Aline Brosh McKenna and directed by David Frankel, this movie published in 2006, and other references that have correlation with the object as secondary data.

17 CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK A. Maslow s Theory Abraham Maslow is a humanistic psychologist. He develops a theory of personality that has influenced a number of different fields, including education. 5 This theory accurately describes many realities of personal experiences Maslow had an interest in compiling about how a person can fulfill their own needs so that they can reach self actualization. These actualization needs organized all others into a hierarchy needs.. Maslow described a person who can reach a self actualization as a person who can give the best from themselves and maximize all the talent that a person has. A person who can reach a self actualization is a best example of a human. Maslow called this as the growing tip. 6 Humanistic Psychologists believe that every person has a strong desire to realize his or her full potential, to reach a level of Self-actualization. To prove that humans are not simply blindly reacting to situations, but trying to accomplish something greater, Maslow studied mentally healthy individuals instead of people 5 Accesed on Sunday, January 25 th, Goble, Frank. G. The Third Force : The Psychology of Abraham Maslow. New York: Washington Square Press p.48 8

18 with serious psychological issues. This enabled him to discover that people experience peak experiences, high points in life, when the individual is harmony with himself and his surroundings. Self-actualized people can have many peak experiences throughout a day while others have those experiences less frequently. Maslow thought that every person has needs that they have to fulfill to get a self-actualization but only small percent that have ability to get the self actualization. Most of it caused by the person it self. Sometimes they are blinded by themselves. They didn t realize their truly ability. It can change if we can change our behavior, so that a person can develop their ability that can lead them to self actualization. The most universal and general characteristic of people who can actualization her or him self is through their ability in see a problem clearly. Although this theory can be used by observing since children, but this only can be applying to adult. This theory cannot be applying to children that usually still static 7 and tend to change their mind. Maslow argues that human needs are divided into five clusters in hierarchy which is Physiological Needs, Safety Needs, Love and Belongingness, Esteem Needs, and Self-Actualization Needs. These five will lead a person to a self actualization which can make a person s life better. According to Maslow, human motivation can best be studied by observing human rather than using animal. His observation led him to the conclusion in 7 Goble, Frank. G. The Third Force : The Psychology of Abraham Maslow. New York: Washington Square Press p.51

19 terms of hierarchy of human needs. Maslow s hierarchy of needs is often depicted as a pyramid consists of five levels which described as follow: Hierarchy of Human Needs 8 1. Physiological Needs The first level of the hierarchy is physiological needs. These are biological needs. They consist of needs for oxygen, food, water, and a relatively constant body temperature. They are the strongest needs because if a person were deprived of all needs, the physiological ones would come first in the person's search for satisfaction. If needs such as hunger or thirst are not adequately being met, the 8

20 needs above them on the hierarchy are pushed into the background in terms of controlling behavior. Physiological needs consist of needs for oxygen, food, water, sex, sleep homeostasis, and excretion. 2. Safety Needs When all physiological needs are satisfied and are no longer controlling thoughts and behaviors, the needs for security can become active. Adults have little awareness of their security needs except in times of emergency or periods of disorganization in the social structure (such as widespread rioting). Children often display the signs of insecurity and the need to be safe. Safety needs that must be fulfilled are security of body, employment and health. 3. Love or Belongingness needs When the needs for safety and for physiological well-being are satisfied, the next class of needs for love, affection and belongingness can emerge. Maslow states that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. This involves both giving and receiving love, affection and the sense of belonging. 4. Esteem Needs

21 When the first three classes of needs are satisfied, the needs for esteem can become dominant. These involve needs for both self-esteem and for the esteem a person gets from others. Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level of self-respect, and respect from others. When these needs are satisfied, the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world. When these needs are frustrated, the person feels inferior, weak, helpless and worthless. 5. Self-Actualization Needs When all of the foregoing needs are satisfied, then and only then are the needs for self-actualization activated. Maslow describes self-actualization as a person's need to be and do that which the person was "born to do." "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, and a poet must write." These needs make themselves felt in signs of restlessness. The person feels on edge, tense, lacking something, in short, restless. If a person is hungry, unsafe, not loved or accepted, or lacking self-esteem, it is very easy to know what the person is restless about. It is not always clear what a person wants when there is a need for selfactualization. Maslow has set up a hierarchy of five levels of basic needs. Beyond these needs, higher levels of needs exist. These include needs for understanding, aesthetic appreciation and purely spiritual needs. In the levels of the five basic needs, it is said that the person does not feel the second need until the demands of

22 the first have been satisfied or the third until the second has been satisfied, and so on. Maslow begins his research through analyzing some of successful people. After pay attention to their real life for some time, Maslow comes up with a conclusion which is human needs that he classified into hierarchy of needs pyramid. Every person who can complete the pyramid believed can get perfection in life but if they don t there is still a chance for them to be happy but they cannot get the satisfaction of life because people who can not get self actualization usually tend to be more fragile in facing life. A psychological approach is, however, merely one way of evaluating characters; 9 Maslow sees human through psychology point of view. With the focus analysis of the character through psychology point of view, Maslow s theory is applicable to this analysis. B. Character and Characterization a. Character A character is presumably an imagined person who inhabits a story although it may admit a few exceptions. 10 Usually in a character of a story there 9 Klarer. Mario. An introductory to Literary Studies. English: Routledge, p17 10 X.J. Kennedy. Literature : An Introducing to Fiction. (New Yok : Harpers Collins Publisher, 1983) third edition. P:45

23 are human personalities that become familiar to us. This personality will form the characteristic of the character it self. To make the Character more reliable to the real life so it is necessary for the character should be believable and have consistent manner that also provided the character by motivation and reason so the character can behave as they do in movies. A character is the representation of a person, persona, identity, or entity in a narrative or dramatic work of art (such as a novel, play, or film) 11 A fictional character is any person, persona, identity, or entity that originated in a work of art. Along with plot, setting, theme, and style, character is considered one of the fundamental components of fiction. Characters may be entirely fictional, or they may be based upon real entities, contemporary or historical. 12 It mentioned above that characters may be based upon real entities; it means that characters in movies are described to be close to real life. They may be human, supernatural, mythical, divine, animal, or personifications of an abstraction. 13 Perrine Lawrence states that a character is plausible or life like. It means every character who presents the story always behave as if their real characteristic. The actors indirectly tell to audience what characteristic in the story into their own character ibid 13 ibid 14 Perrine Lawrence, 1984, Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. London : Harcourt Bruce Javanovic.

24 b. Characterization Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character. To be interesting in character, character must seem real, understandable and worth caring about. For the most part, the characters in a story are believable in the same way that the story is believable. 15 Characterization is the use of literary techniques to reveal the nature of a character. The characterization can be depicting through some ways. Characterization can be depicting through appearance. Most of film actors project a certain qualities of character the minute they appear on the screen. At the beginning of the movie the main characters of the movie usually give the audience some clue to get a better understanding of her/his character. Although in real life most of us are aware that appearances are often deceiving in the world of fiction details of appearance often provide essential clues to character. 16 In the first minute the actor appears on the screen, there are some certain assumptions about them because of their facial features, dress physically builds and mannerism on the way they move. First impression may be proven as the story progress but it is certainly important means of establishing characters. Characterization can be shown through dialogue. Characters in a fictional film naturally reveal a great deal about themselves by what they say. Dialogue can reveal the moods and the personality of a character. Dialogue in the movie can 15 Boogs, Joseph M. and Petrie Dennis W. The Art Of Watching Films, p James H. Pickering and Jefrey D. Hoeper. Concise Companion to literature (New York : Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. 1981), Page 28, 29

25 shown clearly the character s character whether it said by themselves or by other character s dialogue. In this part, the audience have to listen carefully to what the character s said. It is important to know the accent and the tone how the dialogue said. Characterization can bee seen through action. Every action of the character also can reflect the quality of the characters particular personality. 17 Every detail of the characters action must be something that represent the personality of the character. Characterization can be seen through reactions of other characters. In some movies the character s personality viewed better by reaction of other character. The way other characters view a person often serves as an excellent means of characterization. 18 It is mentioned above that character may be entirely fictional, or they may be based upon real entities. To make the character become real the writer must thought of it carefully. The writer of the story might get inspiration from people surrounds them then they create a character in their story. The characters in a story have to become as real as possible. Every character has their own needs that they have to fulfill and because of that Maslow theory can be applicable in analyzing a character. 17 Boogs, Joseph M. and Petrie Dennis W. The Art Of Watching Films, p ibid

26 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS A. Data Description The Devil Wears Prada is a movie that tells us about a young woman named Andrea Sachs who is looking for her self-actualization. The needs that fulfilled by Andrea Sachs, the main character, are drawn as the table below: No. Hierarchy of Needs. 1. Physiological Needs Time 10:47 26:02 33:25 34:31 Corpus Andrea : Okay. Let s have a drink. Friends: I want to have a toast. All:Okay. To the job that pay the rent. Andrea : You know my Dad is coming from Ohio. We are going to out for dinner and maybe see Chicago. Christian: you are my friend and crossing to the dark side. Andrea : I wasn t saying that. Christian: you shouldn t sexy Andrea : Sexy. Really? Andrea : I can t. Sorry I can t. Nate and I just broke up a couple days ago. I can t. 2. Safety Needs 24:29 28:51 31:02 Andrea : You know what; I just have to stick it up for a year. One year, and then I can do what I came to New York to do but I can t let Miranda get me. I won t. Andrea : Oh my God. She is going to murder me. 18 Andrea :I don t know what else I can

27 do. If I do something right, it s acknowledge. She didn t even say thank you, but if I do something wrong she is vicious. 3. Love and Belongingnes s Needs 20:59 34:49 Christian:Hey. Miranda girl. Andy:Hi Christian:I just thingking about you. Andy :Come on Christian:Its true. I profiling Gaultiere for interview and thinking about Paris and wondering if youre gonna be there Andy :Actually I am going Christian :Great. I am staying in fantastic little hotel in south. Right across le Flouve restaurant that will change your live. Andy : I barely know you and I am in strange city. Okay, I m out of reason. 4. Esteem Needs 31:07 43:09 Nigel : I think my work for you is done. Miranda : I was very very impress by how intently you tried to warn me. I never thought I would say this Andrea. But I really I see a great deal of my self in you. You can see beyond what people want what they need and you can choose for your self. 5. Self- Actualization Needs 44:15 46:04 Andrea: What if I don t wanna live the way you live? Andrea : Well I just I wanted to say that you were right about everything, that I turned my back of my friends my family and everything I believe in. for

28 what? B. Analysis 1. Character Analysis Character is someone who acts and appears or is referred to as playing a part in literary work. 19 Most of film actors project a certain qualities of character the minute they appear on the screen. At the beginning of the movie the main characters of the movie usually give the audience some clue to get a better understanding of her/his character. So that the audiences can get a better understand. The characterization of a character can be depicted through appearance and can be shown through dialogue. The Devil Wears Prada is a movie with a unique story. Andrea Sachs, as the main character of this movie, is a young woman who struggles to be accepted in her new job. In this movie Andrea describes as a smart woman. She get some achievements from her college which shown her good ability in literary work especially as a journalist. Andrea Miranda Anrdrea : I was editor in chief of The Daily Northwestern. I also won a national competition for college journalist with series of Janitor Union which expose the expectation of : That s all. : Ya. You know. Okay. You re right. I don t fit in here. I am not skinny or glamorous and I don t know much about fashion but I am smart. I learn fast and I will work very hard. (07:54) 19 Paul Hunter, Alison Booth and Kelly J. the Norton Introduction to Literature. (W. W Norton and Company, Inc 2002.) p. 102

29 From the dialogue above, we can see that beside smart Andrea are also a fast learner and a hard worker. It s shown in the movie that she is really trying hard to convince Miranda to get her accepted. After she get accepted she start to live a hard live but even so, she deal with it and trying to solve the entire problem in her work place. She can adapt to the environment, which requires high sense of fashion and finished the entire task that Miranda gave her. Andrea knows her own strength. She promotes herself in order to get the job. Eventhouh Miranda, editor in chief of Runaway, not listening to her instead she discussing her job to Nigel, the other employee at Runaway. Andrea mention all of her ability and what she good at. She know that these can be a plus for her resume. Andrea, the main character of this story, is shown as an independent woman. She seems to be able to do everything by herself. She takes the risk taking a job that she doesn t really want. She believes in herself that she can accomplish and survive in her job even though the job is not suitable for her. She is trying very hard to make people believe that she can survive. She convinces her self and people surround her that she can make it and get a successful carrier. Eventually there are many things pass through her. Andrea : You know what; I just have to stick it up for a year. One year, and then I can do what I came to New York to do but I can t let Miranda get me. I won t. (24:29) Andrea is very focus in living her life. At the time she made a decision she will give all her best to the decision she made. For example, she gets accepted in

30 Runaway magazine and she knows this will lead her into something big. As it mention by some characters in this movie that this job will open a lot of doors. Seeing the quotation above, it is clearly she also ambitious to get everything she wants. The Devil Wears Prada tells about the main character who struggle in her new job and trying to prove to everyone that she can do it. Even though her parents know that she doesn t fit in that job but the main character convince them and prove that he can do it. By the time pass by, the main character realizes that the job is not something that can satisfy her. The job turn into something that destroys her life. In this point the main character find her turning point. She finally realizes what she really wants and in the process she realizes there are needs that she must fulfill to get a value and feel satisfies of life. 2. Hierarchy of Needs in The Main Character As mentioned in previous chapter, Maslow argues that human needs are divided into five clusters in hierarchy which is Physiological Needs, Safety Needs, Love and Belonging, Esteem Needs, and Self-Actualization Needs. These five needs have to be fulfilled to get the perfection of a person life. According to that, the writer used Hierarchy of Human Needs of Abraham Maslow to analyze the main character needs for searching satisfaction in her life. The writer will

31 identify the main character behavior, thought, and feeling as shown in the movie that represents her needs. a. First Level : Physiological Needs According to Maslow s theory, the first level which has to be fulfilled is physiological needs. Physiological needs include air, hunger, thirst and sex. Physiological needs are needs which come first in a person needs to reach satisfaction. When people cannot fulfill this such thing could be happened such as losing self control, do not have a consideration to other person, etc. Moreover, when the needs are completed the needs are no longer needs, means that the person s physiological needs will be lost then the person will move to the next level and higher need will be appeared. In The Devil Wears Prada, Andrea as the main character is an independent woman. She has a good educational background, graduated from well known university then she got accepted in a famous fashion magazine which the most wanted job for a woman. According to the movie, the job that Andrea got is the most wanted job for a woman. It is mentioned in several dialogue that Andrea can be categorized as the lucky one who can get accepted. Emily : Millon girls would kill for this job. (04:07) Doug : Seriously Miranda Priestly is a huge deal and million girls would kill for that job. (10:10) Irv : congratulations lady, million girls would kill for that job. (20:40)

32 Andrea shown in the movie as a healthy woman. She is very energetic and confident. In this movie, we can see that she can fulfill one of physiological need which is air. In this movie as a healthy woman she can breathe freely and get air as much as she want, she didn t had any obstacle in fulfilling the needs. In the movie, Andrea always has time to hang out with her boyfriend and friends or sometimes with her father to have dinner together and they have a good time together. Andrea : Okay. Let s have a drink. Friends :I want to have a toast. All : Okay. To the job that pay the rent. (10:47) Andrea : You know my Dad is coming from Ohio. We are going to out for dinner and maybe see Chicago. (26:02) From the dialogue we can see that the main character fulfill the needs of hunger and thirst. Andrea free to choose anything she want to eat and what she wants to drinks. Even though as a fresh graduate she lack of money but she still can afford to buy food and drinks that she want. She has no obstacles in fulfilling the need of hunger and thirst. The next need is sex. In the Devil Wears Prada, the main character can fulfill this need. She already has a boyfriend named Nate. They are very close together. Andrea and her boyfriend lived in one apartment. Even though the apartment is not a luxurious one, but it is comfortable for living. Andrea doesn t have any obstacle in fulfilling her needs in sex. She can fulfill sex need anytime she want.

33 Nate : Hey, come on. Lets go home I can think of something that doesn t required any clothes. (11:15) Andrea s love life is not always in straight way. After sometime beside Nate, Andrea seduced by a friend name Christian Thompson which she met when she have to take a sketch for her boss from a designer named James Holt. As the time pass by, Andrea getting close with Christian. Christian : you are my friend and crossing to the dark side. Andrea : I wasn t saying that. Christian : you shouldn t sexy Andrea : Sexy. Really? (33:25) Andrea : I can t. Sorry I can t. Nate and I just broke up a couple days ago. I can t. (34:31) There is one moment when Andrea breaking up with Nate, Andrea and Christian have sex in Paris when Andrea go to visit fashion week. Christian is a character who appears to be the one who replace Nate. Andrea enjoys the physical touch that both Christian and Nate, who is previous boyfriend, gave to her. At first Andrea seems to deny and refuse Christian because she just broke up with Nate, but then the needs of sex appear so that she cannot deny and get sex from Christian. No matter how hard she deny and refuse Christian, at the night she drunk, she cannot lie that she wanted him to fulfill her needs of sex. From the explanation above we can see that it is clear that Andrea, the main character, doesn t have any obstacle to fulfill physiological needs. She can fulfill the physiological needs such as hunger, thirst and sex. According to the explanation, it can be conclude that Andrea can fulfill her needs in sex. It is clear

34 that Andrea satisfied with both of them and the physiological needs of the main character are fulfilled. b. Second Level : Safety Needs Physiological needs are the first levels which have to be accomplished by a person. According to Maslow theory, after a person can fulfill the first need then the person will move to next level. The second level is safety needs. Safety needs appear in a normal and healthy person. At the Maslow s pyramid, it is mentioned that safety needs means a person felling safety in security of body, of employment, of morality, of the family, of health, and of property. Andrea can fulfill these. She can fulfill the security of her body. She felt comfortable with her body. In work she can provide a working environment which is safe and relative job security. In the movie, it is shown that Andrea raise from a well background family. It is shown when she has dinner with her father who is very concern about her. It is also mentioned that her mother give her money because Andrea s mother didn t want her lack of money. It can be concludes that Andrea has fulfill the safety in morality, and family. She also a healthy woman and didn t have any disease. She lived in small apartment which indicate that she also has safety need of property. At first the main character of this movie cannot fulfill the safety needs. In her office all she can feel is rushing and afraid of loosing her job. She cannot fulfill safety of employment.

35 Andrea : You know what; I just have to stick it up for a year. One year, and then I can do what I came to New York to do but I can t let Miranda get me. I won t. (24:29) Andrea : Oh my God. She is going to murder me. (28:51) From the dialogue above, at first, it is clear that Andrea can not fulfill the safety need of employment. She is always in a hurry, rush and panic all the time, she cannot enjoy the job. All she afraid of is fired from her job. She don t want to throw all her hard work to get accepted in her work place and she tried to do the job as perfect as she can be by adapting and change from ordinary woman who don t understand about fashion into a person who is very concern about fashion. Andrea :I don t know what else I can do. If I do something right, it s acknowledge. She didn t even say thank you, but if I do something wrong she is vicious. (31:02) After some time, Andrea came to her lowest point. She feels down, anxious, and unsecured. She talks to Nigel, her friends at the office, and then she got a new point of view from him. Nigel told her that maybe she feels like she has done enough but actually she didn t do enough. Nigel : You are not trying. You are whining. (31:30) In this quotation, we can see that Andrea is not trying hard enough to fulfill her safety needs. She chooses to stay in her comfort zone which is she didn t want to accept or adapt to her work. She wears old fashion clothes and shoes, she didn t do make up and hair do. After she talked to Nigel, she finally understands, and knows what to do. She have to change her fashion because if she is not change the way she looks her boss keep pushing her with saying something bad about her clothes because in fashion magazine clothes are all that maters.

36 Kindly Nigel takes her to the wardrobe choosing all the clothes that might fit in her and slowly Nigel changed her into some one who is more aware about fashion including all the aspect in it. Andrea changed and gets her own safety. She is not afraid anymore. She did the entire job better and with confidence. Andrea, the main character, then has her own safety in employment. c. Third Level : Love and Belongingness Needs After the first and second level is fulfilled, then the third need will be appeared which is love and belongingness needs. As a human being love is very important. A person who has already finished physiological needs and safety needs usually tend to fulfill this need. She will need to be loved especially in the middle of her group. To Maslow love is a feeling between two people whom tied in a healthy relationship. It means a relationship which based on trust and there is no tension in getting through the relationship. Christian Andy Christian Andy Christian Andy Christian :Hey. Miranda girl. :Hi :I just thingking about you. :Come on :Its true. I profiling Gaultiere for interview and thinking about Paris and wondering if youre gonna be there :Actually I am going :Great. I am staying in fantastic little hotel in south. Right across le Flouve restaurant that will change your live. (20:59) Andrea already has a boyfriend but she seduces by a man who she knew from work. At first, her relationship between her and Nate is perfect. They are very match together, understanding each other. Suddenly when Andrea chooses to

37 accept the job in Runway, her love life start to break up. Andrea and Nate cannot feel comfortable in each other anymore. Andrea felt that Nate cannot understand her with all the job she got and Nate felt like Andrea abandoned him and put work as her number one priority. Nate felt that this is not Andrea she knew. So, with all the fight and arguing each other, they chose to separate. Christian sees his chance to win Andrea s heart. He tried to impress her with all the ability he had which is amazing to Andrea. Andy : I barely know you and I am in strange city. Okay, I m out of reason. (34:49) Christian Thompson is a new guy she barely knew but she already likes him since the first time. She loves the affection that he gave. In Maslow s theory love is an honest feeling. Love that can take and give between two people. From Christian, Andrea experience new thing that she cannot get from Nate before. Nate workplace is in different field to Andrea. In his job Nate work as a chef. It makes Nate cannot understand Andrea s feeling and sometimes it can brought them to fight. As in one occasion, Andrea cannot came on time in Nate s birthday party because she had to come to Runway party which she had to assist Miranda. It is far different with Christian, he is a new challenge to her. Christion work in the same field, he works as a journalist and he can support Andrea in any ways. After some time Andrea recognize eventhough Christian is supporting her but she cannot feel love like what she feels from Nate. Christian turns out to be ambitious and had a bad plan to make his carrier up. This made Andrea see which real love that she been looking for. Nate gave her feeling of being love and that is why at the end Andrea gets back to Nate asking for his forgiveness.

38 Through above explanation, we can see that Andrea is trying very hard to fulfill her needs of love. She had done wrong for a while but then she realizes it then she fight back to get back her love so that she can fulfill this need. d. Fourth Level : Self-Esteem Needs The fourth level that came up after the third is self-esteem needs. Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level of self-respect, and respect from others. When these needs are satisfied, the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world. Nigel : I think my work for you is done. (31:07) The main character shown as a fashion biggest failure in the first scene. She didn t know what to do. She didn t even care with the things called fashion. As the time went by, she learned a lot. She pushed and finally she changed her personality into somebody new. She usually gets some bad words from her job especially from her boss, who is very concerned about fashion and what people wear. At first the main character doesn t care about it at all but then next a little by little she lost her confident but she started to adapt and she got succeed. Slowly Andrea changed the way she wear clothes. Nigel taught her how to chose clothes and what brand that suit to her so that she can look good. Andrea also learnt how to deal with Miranda. She started to learn what is Miranda would want, with Nigel helping her. At the end, Andrea can get a self pride, intention and appreciation from her

39 workplace. From this quotation from Nigel we can see clearly that the main character has succeeded. Nigel : I think my work for you is done. (31:07) Miranda Andy : I was very very impress by how intently you tried to warn me. I never thought I would say this Andrea. But I really I see a great deal of my self in you. You can see beyond what people want what they need and you can choose for your self. (43:09) :Well I just I wanted to say that you were right about everything, that I turned my back of my friends my family and everything I believe in. for what? (46:04) Beside from Nigel, the biggest things that matter was from her boss. Her boss, Miranda, finally admitted that the main character is a strong person and smart. Even though she left Runaway but she got the best recommendation from Miranda herself who is rarely gave compliment to people. In Maslow s theory humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level of self-respect, and respect from others. When these needs are satisfied, the person feels self-confident and valuable as a person in the world. From this we can see that the main character get her self-esteem by getting her acceptance include respect from others, prestige, and her achievement. So that the main character can fulfill the self-esteem needs. e. Fifth Level : Self-Actualization The fifth level is self-actualization. After the main character can fulfilled previous needs then the main character will come to the fifth level which is self-

40 actualization. The main character finally can get the things called Independence by Maslow. Andy : What if this is not what I want, what if I don t want to live the way you live. (44:15) She decided to leave the job that she struggle for. She completed all the level of human needs to reach self-actualization. According to Maslow, a person who can actualized their self will choose job that simple, better, and more efficient for their self. In this movie, Andrea can fulfill all the needs that come before the fifth level. When she finished fulfill the first needs to fourth needs, Andrea become clear about what she really want. She chooses to leave the job and applying for a job as a journalist in a local newspaper. In Maslow theory a person who can get self actualization is a person who can think clearly, confident with herself or himself, and feels the freedom of them self. In this movie, at the end of this movie, the character shown as a confident woman who can make a hard decision left the job which a thousand girl would want. She chooses to be a journalist as she wanted to be. According to analysis above, we can see clearly that Andrea can fulfill this need. She can fulfill the previous needs before; therefore she can get herself actualized. She finally can understand herself. She didn t make war to herself like she did before. She has more a lot of positive energy for productive purposes. She get the satisfaction then she can find out the real her, what she really want, and then she can make everything she want into reality.

41 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion. The Devil Wears Prada is a comedy-drama movie which adaptation of Lauren Weisberger s 2003 novel of the same name, The Devil Wears Prada. It tells about a bright young woman who stumbles into the hectic worlds of high fashion and publishing. Andrea "Andy" Sachs is a bright young woman from the Midwest who has just graduated from college and wants to work as a magazine writer. Andy has applied for a job at "Runway," America's most prestigious fashion journal; though Andy has little interest in the garment trade, they are one of the only magazines in New York with a job as second assistant to editor Miranda Priestly which is very important for all journalists. Once a person gets recommendation from Miranda it could be a golden key for every job as a journalist. Andrea finds it very difficult at first to adapt to the situation which is completely new to her but as the time goes by she learned how to adapt and find the real her. In order to live her life, there are many things get pass through her but she can get the motivation that lead her to self actualization. Finaly, at the end of the story Andrea, the main character of this movie, can get her self actualization and satisfy her needs by fulfilling the needs as 35 mentioned in the hierarchy needs. In her way to fulfill the physiological need, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs

42 she find some obstacle but she can solve it, and she can accomplish all the level of the hierarchy needs so that she can get her self actualization. So we can see at the end of the movie she become a stronger woman who understands better about herself and have purpose in life. B. Suggestion In analyzing film or literary work, researchers should use the right theory or approach in order to have the right comprehension of the film or literary work itself. In this occasion, the writer uses physiological approach in analyzing the Devil Wears Prada film. She uses Abraham Maslow s hierarchy needs theory to this research because she finds that in analyzing a character it is best to use physiological approach to get better understanding of a character. Maslow s theory is a theory which analyze through a person life as the subject. Devil Wears Prada is a movie which is based on a book with the same title. In this movie the character created as same as the character in the real world. It is proves that there is a relation between psychology and literature. Fiction becomes a part of literature so that literature can be analyzed by using psychological approach so the writer chose Abraham Maslow s hierarchy theory is the most suitable one to analyze the character. Therefore, to other researchers who want to analyze the correlation of the literary work and physiology in term of analyzing a character can use hierarchy needs of Abraham Maslow with psychological approach.

43 BIBLIOGRAPHY Books Boogs, Joseph M. and Petrie Dennis W. The Art Of Watching Films, 1999 Goble, Frank. G. The Third Force: The Psychology of Abraham Maslow. New York : Washington Square Press James H. Pickering and Jefrey D. Hoeper. Concise Companion to literature (New York : Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. 1981) Lausen, John Howard. Film the creative process Minderop, Albertine. Metode Karakterisasi Telaah Fiksi. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2005 Paul Hunter, Alison Booth and Kelly J. the Norton Introduction to Literature. (W. W Norton and Company, Inc 2002.) Perrine Lawrence. Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. London : Harcourt Bruce Javanovic Stanton, Robert. An Introduction to Fiction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc X.J. Kennedy. Literature : An Introducing to Fiction. (New Yok : Harpers Collins Publisher, 1983) 38

44 Websites m

45 The Devil Wears Prada Cover DVD APPENDIX