RUNNING HEAD: MENTAL HEALTH 1 MENTAL HEALTH. Name. Institution. Course. Tutor. Date

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1 RUNNING HEAD: MENTAL HEALTH 1 MENTAL HEALTH Name Institution Course Tutor Date

2 MENTAL HEALTH 2 How Mental illnesses differ from mental health Although mental health and mental illness are used interchangeably, the two terms differ in various ways. Mental health is the psychological state where a person can to realize their full potential and able to deal with life stress resulting in positive life productivity. On the other hand, mental illness refers to a wide range of conditions that affect the normal functioning of a human being. It is the presence of a psychological condition that alters the normal functioning of the human brain. Rehabilitation and recovery Rehabilitation and recovery, accompanied by treatment, is a systematic approach adopted in mental health services to deal with chronic or severe mental illnesses experienced by individuals in our society. Psychiatric rehabilitation is a process that promotes recovery from mental illness. It is a unique and individualized process due to differences in intervention reactions from one person to another. On the other hand, recovery is seen as the reestablishment of cognitive, intellectual, physical and social skills needed to function as an independent individual in the society. Rehabilitation is one of the processes undertaken to enhance recovery. 5 stages of recovery for individuals The Moratorium stage is the first and very crucial step to recovery. According to psychologists, this is a period of feeling hopeless. The individuals undergo identity crisis where they explore different identities and tend to withdraw from self-protectiveness state. The patient is prone to self-injury as they try out new things in exploration to their identity. Awareness is the next step where an individual, after thorough self-exploration and trying out of new things, they can identify completely who they are and what they want. In

3 MENTAL HEALTH 3 mental health, it is the realization that recovery is indeed attainable. The patient realizes that self-protection is crucial in one s life. Preparation is the third stage in the recovery process. It involves a critical search for help to attain self-recovery. The individual takes into account all the positive and negative effects that recovery baggage in. They tend to open up about their current situation to receive help. Rebuilding follows where the person takes self-initiative to stop self-injury. The individual follows to the later all the steps stipulated in the intervention plan. They set goals towards diversion from self-injury. Growth is the final stage in the recovery process. It is the stage where sustainability of the rebuilding process in maintained. The individual takes actual control over their life and is determined to face the future. Affective disorders Affective disorders refer to a set of mental illnesses that interfere with the mood of a person. They are usually severe or mild depending on the exposure of an individual. The main types of affective disorders are depression disorder, bipolar disorder as well as anxiety disorder. The symptoms of these illnesses vary from one person to another depending on the level of exposure and the individual s ability to resist. 4 broad approaches to treating mental illnesses Psychological treatment Psychological treatment is a psychological therapy approach that psychiatrists use to ensure a patient recovers from the mental disorder. The patients talk to a licensed psychiatric

4 MENTAL HEALTH 4 that, under critical analysis identifies as well as find ways to cope with the factors triggering the mental disorder (Deacon, 2013). This technique aims at targeting the social, cognitive, behavioral and environmental factors that affect mind causing mental illnesses. The technique not only helps someone recover from a situation, but also assists them in being able to deal well when factors that cause the mental illnesses reoccur. Medical treatment According to Deacon, (2013) medical treatment involves biological intervention that is incorporated where drugs are administered to balance the reactivity of the patient. It assists in lowering the symptoms of the illnesses during the therapy process. It makes it easy to carry out the psychosocial therapy. Community support Mental illnesses may prolong for a long time. Community support is an intervention carried out to the patients in their homes after being discharged from the mental hospital. Providing education programs about mental illnesses to families and those close to the patient is the key role in curbing stigmatization. This assists in understanding the patient and the need for continuous medication thereby supporting them in their treatment process. It also creates openness and acceptance amongst those people suffering from the mental illnesses. Self-help group Self-help groups act as source of psychosocial support for persons who are mentally ill. The groups consist of people who experience same or general mental illnesses and are in the recovery process. Most of this groups offer social and educational support on how to deal with factors causing the mental illness.they can share their experiences and this gives hope to recovery.

5 MENTAL HEALTH 5 The first step any psychiatric does is to diagnose the type of mental illness that the person presented to them has. The diagnosis is followed by identification of drugs that are meant to stabilize the symptoms accompanied by other treatment approaches that will be discussed in this paper. The psychiatric drugs assist in carrying out the therapies for recovery from the illnesses. 5. Case study one: strategies to build on Marica s strength Marica seems to have a keen interest in drawing and painting. It is the most important of her strength to utilize to get Marica to deal with her anti-social factor associated with the Schizophrenia mental illness. She should start a special class of drawing and painting where a special art teacher will handle her. The aim of the teacher is to comply with her strong interest in art and drawing. This keeps her away from the stressful environment by getting her mind involved in an activity she likes best. On several occasions, Marica should be taken to an art gallery. Normally, when an ordinary person performs in the area they love most, there is a strong interest for that person to interact with people in that environment. Fulfilling a person s psychological needs is crucial in promoting social interaction that improves her condition. (Butler, Begley, Parahoo, & Finn, 2014) Case Study 2 1. How I would use the assessment information The information gathered in the initial assessment assists me in gathering any relevant history, environmental factors and daily activities of the patient linked to the mental illness. It evaluates any risks associated with the illness (Butler, Begley, Parahoo, & Finn, 2014).

6 MENTAL HEALTH 6 The information also determines the intervention plan specific to the patient and the areas to keep an eye on during the evaluation process. 2. How to determine if Lisa is ready for the plan One way of determining if Lisa is ready for the management plan is by asking her or the family members whether she has tried to reduce the number of times she takes alcohol and marijuana. Her initiative to visit the hospital willingly also demonstrates her willingness to develop and observe the plan to the later. 3. What to discuss with Lisa and also the agency where she is being referred to After determining that Lisa needs a referral to another agency for comprehensive medical care, I need to discuss with her the reason for the referral. Lisa also has a right to know her current medical condition and why referral to the specified hospital is crucial for her optimal recovery. Usually, when a person is referred to a given agency, the situation in many cases is because the current agency cannot handle the situation currently. The agency that receives Lisa referral needs to know her medical history. I would also discuss with this agency Lisa s previous assessments that we have done, the intervention carried out as well as her reaction to the drugs and therapies administered to her. I would give clear reasons for referring Lisa and her current referral condition. I would also provide appropriate follow-up services to ensure she is progressing well. 4. Encouraging Lisa and intervention and goal plan formulation I need to have a talk with Lisa to determine her strengths. With the realization of her strength, I would always positively encourage Lisa to participate in activities that she enjoys doing.these are activities such as drawing, reading or playing play station games.i would

7 MENTAL HEALTH 7 look for a self-help group with people suffering from the same condition as Lisa where she will get to interact with people and get to learn more of her strength. This will assist in preventing stress that is known to interfere with treatment. Interventions and goals should be formulated based on the psychosocial and medical factors. In the psychosocial intervention, this involves cognitive behavioral therapy that assists in the transformation of patient s way of thinking and behaving, family education and support as well as brain capacity building through cognitive enhancement therapy. Peer programming is also important where the patient imitates their peers in the group. Medical intervention is based on the drugs given to reduce the symptoms of the illness as well as assisting in the psychosocial intervention. 5. Keeping records of Lisa s Intervention plan The documentation should entail targeted behaviors identified for the specific interventions (Kramers-Olen, 2014). It should also include the clinical interventions given to the client, the goals of the documented plan, the proposed intervention and expected behaviors from the intervention. 6. Guiding and supporting Lisa to ensure her participation in the intervention plan According to Macneil and his colleagues, motivational interviewing is a communicational skill that I need to use to give Lisa the sense that I understand her plight and I will ensure she recovers (Macneil et l,2012).usually, giving a critical focus on why Lisa might want to change is one way. I would reflect on what Lisa values most and use that as a motivation goal for her. Winning her trust is important in making her accept the offer to the recovery process voluntarily. I would genuinely listen to her as well as employ active tolerance of her uncertainty moves.

8 MENTAL HEALTH 8 7. Review of intervention plan effectiveness Ellis (2015) indicated that review of the intervention plan is based on the expected outcome against the real outcomes experience. In this case, the effectiveness of psychotherapy would be determined by Lisa s condition at the beginning of the intervention against her current condition. Reduction in symptoms would also be reviewed by revising the documents to determine her initial symptoms against her current symptoms (Ellis, 2015).

9 MENTAL HEALTH 9 References Butler, M. P., Begley, M., Parahoo, K., & Finn, S. (2014). Getting psychosocial interventions into mental health nursing practice: a survey of skill use and perceived benefits to service users. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 70(4), Ellis, H. A. (2015). Obeah-Illness Versus Psychiatric Entities among Jamaican Immigrants: Cultural and Clinical Perspectives for Psychiatric Mental Health Professionals. Archives Of Psychiatric Nursing, Deacon, B. J. (2013). The biomedical model of mental disorder: A critical analysis of its validity, utility, and effects on psychotherapy research. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(The Future of Evidence-Based Practice in Psychotherapy), Kramers-Olen, A. L. (2014). Psychosocial rehabilitation and chronic mental illness: international trends and South African issues. South African Journal Of Psychology, 44(4), Macneil, C. A., Hasty, M. K., Conus, P., & Berk, M. (2012). Is diagnosis enough to guide interventions in mental health? Using case formulation in clinical practice. BMC Medicine,