Atlas of Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Transcription

1 Atlas of Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

2 Zofia Michalewska Jerzy Nawrocki Editors Atlas of Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

3 Editors Zofia Michalewska, MD, PhD Jasne Blonia Ophthalmic Clinic Lodz Poland Jerzy Nawrocki, MD, PhD Jasne Blonia Ophthalmic Clinic Lodz Poland ISBN DOI / ISBN (ebook) Library of Congress Control Number: Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

4 Preface Ophthalmology is a unique specialty in medicine in which usually we can directly see the disease. But this was not enough for many generations of ophthalmologists who documented their observations with drawings. The first real step forward was the introduction of fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. This enabled better quality documentation and improved understanding of the diseases. Also histopathological examinations of the affected eye were an important source of knowledge about different pathologies. The revolutionary introduction of time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the 1990s by James Fujimoto, David Huang, and Eric Swanson (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) with insights for their clinical ocular application by Carmen Puliafito (University of Southern California) and Joel Schuman (University of Pittsburgh) became a milestone for improvement in both examination and documentation of retinal diseases. The third generation of time-domain OCT (Stratus OCT, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) rapidly became a standard of care worldwide. It was our pleasure to witness the progress in the field of imaging when we introduced the first commercially available spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) device (Copernicus, Optopol, Zawiercie, Poland) into our clinic in January 2006 and presented the first case series of patients examined with this device at the combined American Society of Retina Surgeons (ASRS) European VitreoRetinal Society (EVRS) Meeting in Cannes in 2006 and published the first papers on commercially available SD-OCT in Since that time, developments in the field have continued to accelerate. As early as 2008, Richard Spaide presented enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT), which enabled visualization of the choroid. The high quality of the new SD-OCT devices made in vivo semihistopathological examination of the eye possible. SD-OCT had become a worldwide standard of care by the end of 2012 when a revolutionary swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) device was commercially introduced (DRI-OCT, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). The new technology enabled us to achieve wider images of even higher quality and allowed simultaneous three-dimensional examination of the vitreous, retina, and choroid. When we switched to SS-OCT in our clinic, in January 2013, we did not expect that just 2 years later, in 2015, SS-OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) would emerge (Atlantis and, later, Triton, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). SS-OCT and SS-OCTA not only allowed us to see the retina, vitreous, and choroid in higher quality and with greater detail than ever before. It additionally enhanced our knowledge of many diseases and changed our point of view in many diagnostic challenges. The chapters of this atlas present basic information on SS-OCT and SS-OCTA examination for many pathologies. The authors discuss the advantages (and occasional difficulties) of the emerging technologies and present beautiful images of their findings to assist the reader with research and interpretation of SS-OCT images. We also offer a glance into the future of this technology as currently being developed under the leadership of Jay Duker and James Fujimoto et al. In this book, authors from three continents share with you their knowledge not only in retina diseases but also in glaucoma. We hope that by drawing attention to the importance of glaucoma in retinology, we are providing an additional interdisciplinary advantage. v

5 vi Preface It has been our honor, pleasure, and privilege to work with such a distinguished group of experts and Springer to produce this atlas. We hope that the atlas will offer new information on current technology, add to the knowledge of general ophthalmologists as well as retina specialists, and be a pleasure to read. Lodz, Poland Lodz, Poland Zofia Michalewska Jerzy Nawrocki

6 Contents 1 Introduction to Swept Source OCT Zhenguo Wang, Charles Reisman, Jonathan Liu, and Kinpui Chan 2 Clinical Applications and Advantages of Swept Source OCT Netan Choudhry and Michael J. Sinai 3 Swept Source OCT Angiography in Different Diseases Ricardo Noguera Louzada, Eric M. Moult, Emily Cole, James G. Fujimoto, and Jay S. Duker 4 Healthy Retinal Vasculature Mayss Al-Sheikh and SriniVas R. Sadda 5 Swept Source OCT in Pseudodrusen Hideyasu Oh 6 En Face Swept Source OCT Study of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Luis Arias-Barquet, Jorge Ruiz- Medrano, José M. Ruiz-Moreno, and Josep M. Caminal 7 Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Studied with Swept Source OCT Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Luis Arias-Barquet, Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, José M. Ruiz-Moreno, and Josep M. Caminal 8 Pathological Myopia Atsushi Maeda, Takafumi Hirashima, and Hideyasu Oh 9 Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome Zofia Michalewska and Jerzy Nawrocki 10 Epiretinal Membranes Zofia Michalewska and Jerzy Nawrocki 11 Swept Source OCT for Macular Hole Treated with the Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique Jerzy Nawrocki and Zofia Michalewska 12 Diabetic Macular Edema Takafumi Hirashima, Masanori Hagihara, and Hideyasu Oh 13 Swept Source OCT in Retinal Vein Occlusion Mayss Al-Sheikh and SriniVas R. Sadda 14 Swept Source OCT of Choroidal Nevi Kunal K. Dansingani and K. Bailey Freund vii

7 viii Contents 15 Intraocular Tumors Using Swept Source OCT Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Luis Arias- Barquet, Josep M. Caminal, Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, and José M. Ruiz-Moreno 16 Intraocular Inflammation Roberto Gallego-Pinazo, Rosa Dolz-Marco, Enrique España-Gregori, and Alejandro Fonollosa 17 Central Serous Chorioretinopathy, Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy, and Rare Cases Imaged with Swept Source OCT and SS-OCTA Zofia Michalewska and Jerzy Nawrocki 18 Swept Source OCT and Glaucoma Kaweh Mansouri, Kirsten Hoskens, and Robert N. Weinreb Index

8 Contributors Mayss Al-Sheikh, MD Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA Luis Arias-Barquet, MD, PhD Ophthalmology Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Josep M. Caminal, MD, PhD Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain Kinpui Chan, MD Topcon Advanced Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Oakland, NJ, USA Netan Choudhry, MD Vitreous Retina Macula Specialists of Toronto, Etobicoke, ON, Canada Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Emily Cole, MD New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Kunal K. Dansingani, MA, FRCOphth Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA Jay S. Duker, MD New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Rosa Dolz-Marco, MD, PhD Unit of Macula, Department of Ophthalmology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain Enrique España-Gregori, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Ignacio Flores-Moreno, MD, PhD Clinico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Alejandro Fonollosa, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Vizcaya, Spain James G. Fujimoto, PhD Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA K. Bailey Freund, MD Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA Roberto Gallego-Pinazo, MD Unit of Macula, Department of Ophthalmology, ix

9 x Contributors University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain Masanori Hagihara, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center (AGMC), Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan Takafumi Hirashima, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center (AGMC), Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan Kirsten Hoskens Glaucoma Center, Montchoisi Clinic, Lausanne, Switzerland Jonathan Liu, PhD Topcon Advanced Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Oakland, NJ, USA Ricardo Noguera Louzada, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Atsushi Maeda, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center (AGMC), Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan Kaweh Mansouri, MD Glaucoma Center, Montchoisi Clinic, Lausanne, Switzerland Zofia Michalewska, MD, PhD Jasne Blonia Ophthalmic Clinic, Lodz, Poland Eric M. Moult Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA Harvard MIT Department of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA Jerzy Nawrocki, MD, PhD Jasne Blonia Ophthalmic Clinic, Lodz, Poland Hideyasu Oh, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center (AGMC), Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan Charles Reisman Topcon Advanced Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Oakland, NJ, USA Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, MD Clinico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain José M. Ruiz-Moreno, MD Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain SriniVas R. Sadda, MD Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Michael J. Sinai, PhD Chief Clinical Affairs, R and D Planning Division, Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan Zhenguo Wang, PhD Topcon Advanced Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Oakland, NJ, USA Robert N. Weinreb, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA