Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, a potentially devastating pest in Florida blueberries: Survey and trapping studies
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1 Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, a potentially devastating pest in Florida blueberries: Survey and trapping studies Lindsy E. Iglesias M.S. School of Natural Resources & Environment, Entomology & Nematology, University of Florida Oscar E. Liburd Professor, Entomology & Nematology, University of Florida
2 GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION Japan 1916 Identified by Matsumura in 1931 Hawaii 1980 first in US California 2008 Washington & Oregon 2009 European countries Other US states Florida 2009 US picture with red countries
3 SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA (SWD) Male SWD Family Drosophilidae Vinegar flies Fruit flies Pomace flies Female SWD Male Dark spots on wings Two bands on forelegs Female Serrated ovipositor No wing spots
4 HOST PREFERENCE Wide host range: strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, peach, blackberry, cherry, plums, mulberry, nectarines, currants, etc. Blueberry fruiting period aligns with moderate climate conditions favorable for SWD development
5 BLUEBERRY INJURY Scars on berry upon insertion of the ovipositor Berry browns and softens as larvae develop inside
6 JUSTIFICATION Updated statewide distribution of SWD and identification of the most effective trap design are necessary to determine: where to focus monitoring and control programs optimal program timing effectiveness of programs future potential threats to industry
7 STUDY OBJECTIVES Objective 1: To determine population distribution of SWD in the various blueberry-growing regions of Florida. Objective 2: To determine the most effective trap for capturing SWD in the field.
8 OBJECTIVE 1: SURVEY 15 randomly selected locations 9 counties Suwannee Alachua Putnam Marion Citrus Lake Orange Polk DeSoto
9 METHODS Trap design 0.95 L plastic cup with yellow band and lid 8- to mm holes along upper rim 150 ml Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) 2% acetic acid 2 drops of odorless dish soap Twist-tie
10 METHODS 4 to 6 traps set on border of field and within field Traps serviced weekly for 4 to 11 weeks February 14 to May 17 Female and male SWD identified and counted at the UF IPM Lab One-way ANOVA analysis with Tukey s HSD
11 Mean SWD per Trap MEAN SWD BY COUNTY a P < cd b bcd cd d bc d d 0 County from North to South
12 Mean SWD per Trap MEAN FEMALE AND MALE SWD BY COUNTY * * P < * * * Female Male 5 0 County from North to South
13 FINDINGS SWD present in 8 of 9 of the major blueberry producing counties High mean SWD in Citrus likely due to high number of blueberry growing acres Low mean SWD in DeSoto suggests higher temperatures early in the year may help prevent establishment Higher numbers of females in Alachua, Citrus, Orange, and Putnam suggest counting males may not provide accurate estimate of total SWD population
14 OBJECTIVE 2: TRAP STUDY Two experiments 1. Alachua County - Jan 25 to Apr Citrus County - Apr 19 to May 9 RCBD 5 treatments, 4 replicates Traps serviced and rotated weekly Female and Male SWD identified and counted at UF IPM Lab Data analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey s HSD
15 METHODS Trap Treatments A B+yel C+soap D+card Control
16 Mean SWD per Replicate MEAN SWD BY TREATMENT Experiment Experiment 2 a a a ab ab b a a 4 2 c 4 2 b 0 0 Treatment P < 0.05 Treatment
17 Mean SWD Collected per Trap MEAN FEMALE AND MALE SWD BY TREATMENT 14 Experiment 1 14 Experiment 2 12 * 12 * P < * 6 F 4 4 M Treatment
18 FINDINGS Control captured least SWD and would not be recommended for monitoring of SWD Only D+card performed significantly different than A and only in experiment 1, suggesting stimulus nor soap affected SWD capture No difference in female and male in experiment 2, significantly greater females in A and B+yel in experiment 1 Male populations establish later in the season????
19 CONCLUDING REMARKS Monitoring programs should be implemented and maintained in areas where SWD is present Female and male SWD should be identified for a more accurate estimate of SWD, especially early in the season Cost and labor of constructing and maintaining various cup traps should be considered when determining best trap for program
20 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All participating growers UF Research Centers Blueberry Growers Association UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab Elke Weibelzahl Janine Razze Sara Brennan Ruohan Li Elena Rhodes Teresia Nyoike Nicole Benda Tamika Garrick
21 Photo courtesy of E. Rhodes
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TM Thaumatotibia leucotreta Reg No: L10320, Act 36 of 1947 Pheromone Based Mating Disruption Pest specific Easy to apply Season long control Manufactured by Hinders chemical resistance Rain fast and no
FOOD MODELS FRUIT GROUP CARD 21
APPLE 1 medium FOOD MODELS FRUIT GROUP CARD 21 0012N Copyright 2005. NATIONAL DAIRY COUNCIL, Rosemont, IL 60018-5616. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. AVOCADO 1 2 medium DRIED APRICOTS 1 4 cup APPLESAUCE