Getting There: Community Policing to Police Social Responsibility Law enforcement & HIV prevention
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1 Getting There: Community Policing to Police Social Responsibility Law enforcement & HIV prevention Soumen Mitra Inspector General of Police CID Calcutta India
2 Perception in conflict The burden of the badge makes law enforcers insensitive to dealing with drug users In an enabling environment, law enforcers can play a responsible role and make substantial contributions in the fight against HIV-AIDS Two Police experiments in India for over ten years prove this Move from the hackneyed zero tolerance approach to the more persuasive and humane Harm Reduction approach
3 Ground reality HIV AIDS is no longer a stratified public health problem It is a serious, global & all encompassing hidden epidemic Police - challenged by their basic training philosophy focuses on incarceration of law breakers Stereotyped view about drug users and sex workers Narco terrorism Ignorance about Harm Reduction concepts
4 Ground Reality No coordination- Police- Health- NGO Monopolization of the HIV-AIDS issue by the Health Department Inability to amend archaic drug related laws Lack of appreciation of limitations and commitments of Police by NGOs
5 Getting There Community Policing Meaningful partnership between Health Department, the Police & NGO sector Two projects in India since 1996 proves that such an alliance is possible One deals with IDUs in Calcutta while the other works with sex workers in Asansol Both projects initiated by Police personnel show a unique convergence of views and services revolving around Harm Reduction techniques in combating HIV-AIDS
6 Compulsion Rise in the rates of petty crime linked to drug abuse Police not equipped to handle withdrawal symptoms in the lockups Drug related organized crime/ Narco terrorism Trafficking Crime haven in red light areas Recidivism Community pressure/ Police image
7 Reaction War on Drugs Community Policing Harm Reduction
8 Strategy: Community Policing Stepping out of the traditional mould to a non-conventional method Police identified partners in NGOs Projects implemented in Calcutta & Asansol Prime focus for intervention: Drug addicts especially IDUs & sex workers Police implemented Harm Reduction programs
9 Programs Training of Police personnel Awareness (IEC) Counseling Drop in Centers Needle Syringe Exchange Oral Substitution Abscess Management General Health Check ups/referrals
10 Health check up
11 Needle Syringe exchange
12 Abcess Management
13 Oral substitution
14 Clients
15 Police NGO partnership
16 Programs Condom Distribution Vocational and Job Skills Training Midday meal Education amongst children at risk Counselling in jails, follow up & referrals after release Family Counselling Empowerment
17 Results Attitudinal change of police & community towards drug users Drug addiction and vulnerability of drug users is more openly acknowledged Access & listening to drug users issues have facilitated the formation of more effective health policies Awareness of STI and HIV/AIDS issues Awareness of safer injecting practices Realistic Interventions Prevention of STDs, HIV/AIDS, Hep B, Hep C Socio-economic rehabilitation of drug users
18 Benefits Community policing Attitudinal change amongst Police and community towards the drug users Human Rights honoured Police Health NGO partnership Police viewed as protectors & advisors rather than harsh aggressors Drop in number of drug users resorting to crime Reduction of trafficking
19 What Next? Community Policing to PSR (Police Social Responsibility) The evidence base of controlling a major police problem petty crime perpetuated by substance abusers withdrawals in lockups the vulnerability of the police personnel themselves the projection of a humane face the upholding of human rights the vision of a force with progressive ideas the prospect of working in partnership with other stakeholders in combating HIV-AIDS PSR: Vision for the next generation Harm Reduction mission
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