American School Health Association

Transcription

1 American School Health Association February 10, 2015 Heroin Prevention Education Kris Adzia, Director of Education Rosanne Tenuta, Health Educator

2 Our Mission Lead, educate, and motivate our kids and youth toward healthy, happy and safe lives

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6 September 6, 2014 The problem in Chicago is so bad, addicts from outlying areas will often drive on Highway 290, known locally as the Heroin Highway, to buy heroin on Chicago s West Side...

7 Federal Heroin Seizures in Chicago Area

8 Heroin-Related ER visits

9 Heroin Availability in US

10 Heroin overdose deaths increased 39 percent from 2012 to 2013, according to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC announced 8,257 Americans died of a heroin overdose in 2013

11 Opioids: Rx Pain Medication & Heroin

12 First Drug of Abuse More than half of new illicit drug users begin with marijuana. Next most common are prescription pain relievers making these opioid drugs a major concern for primary prevention. SAMHSA 2012

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14 That translates to

15 A serious concern is poly-drug use. When surveyed.

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17 It all started with a grandparent asking a single question: Why aren t you talking about heroin?

18 Primary Prevention Approach Primary prevention seeks to prevent the onset of specific diseases via risk reduction: by altering behaviors or exposures that can lead to disease, or by enhancing resistance. Association of Facilities of Medicine of Canada Effective school-based prevention programs could save an average of $18 per $1 (2002 figures) invested. This equates to a net saving of $3,757 per youth served. State and local governments would save $1.3 billion within 2 years. Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Prevention

19 What RCC Did Research: Illinois Consortium on Drug Policy (ICDP) Entry into heroin use through: Prescription pain pills Poly drug use Identified Gaps in knowledge/ areas to pay attention to: Awareness of problem in the community: little conversation Relationship between prescription pain pills and heroin Limited knowledge of heroin and addiction School programs half-explained heroin effects, if at all Transitions were vulnerable times Self-medicating for mental health issues

20 Program Development Process Listened to youth: Explain the whole story: from first use to abuse to addiction Authentic messenger with authentic message Used research: RCC/ICDP Literature Review Best Practice Worked with stakeholders: Affected families, educators, community members, treatment professionals public health, scientists, legislators, etc.

21 Program Goals Increase knowledge and understanding among youth, parents and school personnel about : 1. how heroin/ opioids affect the body; the rapid progression from experimentation to dependence; and how heroin use today differs from the past 2. the relationship between prescription pain medication abuse and heroin use 3. the reasons why youth use heroin/opioids 4. how to communicate effectively with teens and youth about heroin/opioids

22 Wrap Around Model Engages Everyone Students Lessons & Software Schools as Access Point School Staff Training & Materials Parents Programs & Resources

23 RCC s Heroin Prevention Approach Content focus on primary prevention and opioids Science of addiction adolescent brain development, impact of drugs, particularly opioids Social emotional components risk/protective factors, conversations with trusted adults and peers Alignment with standards CDC s National Health Education Standards Illinois State Social Emotional Learning Standards Common Core NIDA s Research Based Guide to Preventing Drug Use

24 RCC s Heroin Prevention Program Train-the-trainer model RCC training, online portal Class room delivery - Teacher presentation, group discussion, videos, worksheets, interactive student software All-school staff professional development Presentations for parents Online resources for teachers and parents lessons plans, PowerPoints, handouts, worksheets, videos, software

25 Best Practices (NIDA) used in RCC Program Include instruction about risk / protective factors Address all forms of drug abuse (SBDP + Heroin Project) Address the problem drug(s) for the local area Address social-emotional factors Focus on early interventions Repeated messages not just one exposure Interactive techniques included in lessons

26 4 Main Topic Areas: The Impact of Drugs on the Brain Opioids Understanding &Minimizing Risk of Abuse Starting Conversations & also some Resources

27 Middle School Core Lessons

28 High School Core Lessons

29 Methods of Instruction Include: Presentations including video clips Discussion Activities Social Media Software The methods of instruction are varied and are designed to be interactive.

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31 Lesson When you open a Lesson You will see that each is organized to provide you with the information you need to teach that lesson.

32 Lesson Lessons include an Attention Getting Activity A Discussion Guide (if appropriate to the lesson) And an assessment plan for the lesson.

33 When you are ready to teach a lesson Main Topic Area The notes tell a teacher what to say for each slide of the presentation! You do not need to research or create content.

34 Lesson Plan 20 minutes HOW THE BRAIN WORKS AND THE IMPACT OF DRUGS INTRODUCTION TO THE BRAIN

35 Example of one of the slides in Lesson 1 Lesson

36 What did Dr. Giedd do that was so important to understanding teen brains?

37 Marvelous opportunity but also extreme risk!! Lesson

38 The Teen Brain is Under Construction! The teen brain is still developing, so it is particularly vulnerable to the effects of drugs. The prefrontal cortex, which an adult uses to make decisions, is still developing in a teen. Because of this, the teen brain relies on the limbic system to make decisions. Drugs interfere with the limbic system. Additionally, drugs interfere with the teen brain s natural development, affecting not only the brain, but the entire body.

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40 During adolescence, the brain is still developing. Drugs interfere with that natural development. The prefrontal cortex which deals with decisions and consequences-- is not mature until your 20s. The Limbic System--a brain system that matures earlier-- is responsible for feelings, emotional reactions, and drive or motivation. The limbic system adapts to drug use in two ways: 1. Teens can t feel normal without the drug 2. It causes a powerful craving for using the drug Taken during adolescence, drugs actually change how the brain develops.

41 The impact of drug use Lesson

42 Dr. Nora Volkow, President of NIDA December, 2014 The message should be clear and unequivocal: For teens and young adults, whose brains are still not finished maturing and thus can be readily altered in their development by any substance exposure, there are simply no safe drugs.

43 Example of an Activity Venn Diagram Prescription Pain Pills (PPP) vs. Heroin Opioids

44 Example of a Skill-Building Lesson

45 Building the Evidence Based on current research and best practice Consultation and review by experts in science and education Formative evaluation with 7,000 students in 11 schools in 2013 Results showed Content aligned with goals Positive feedback from teachers and students Positive changes in student and teacher knowledge and attitudes Identification of essential core lessons to achieve outcomes

46 New Evidence Pretest-posttest (repeated measures) evaluation of core program with 850 students in 6 middle schools and high schools in Student measures Student knowledge about heroin and prescription pain pills Self-efficacy to resist use Beliefs against opioid use Resistance skills Established validity and reliability of measurement tools and fidelity of teacher implementation Positive, significant student changes (p.01) in self-efficacy, knowledge and resistance skills. No significant changes in beliefs about the dangers of opioids. White,K., Palmer, J., & Arndt, S. (2013). Reed Hruby Heroin Prevention Initiative Project Evaluation Executive Summary. Iowa City, IA; Iowa Consortium for Substance Abuse Research and Evaluation. Ryerson-Espino, S., Doll, M., Mcroczkowski, A. & Roseland, D. (2014). Spring 2013 Prevention Program Pilot: Evaluation Report. Arlington Heights, IL; Ryerson Espino Evaluation & Development Consulting.

47 Long-Term Outcomes Increase in public awareness, knowledge and attitudes about opioids Reduction in initiation to opioid use Reduction in heroin overdoses and deaths Measures Illinois Youth Survey data collected every two years Coroner reports County health department reports on Narcan use by first responders Available treatment data

48 For Successful Implementation Awareness of the issue in the community Administrative support crucial Buy in at all levels: teachers need to feel ownership Fit in with conflicting resources: time, $, standards Awareness of best practice: ongoing education

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50 For more information: Kris Adzia extension robertcrown.org

51 robertcrown.org