1/8/2015. Personal Knowledge

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1 CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUBSTANCE ABUSER Presented by: Jacque Miller MHN, CBS, CLE, BHT jacquemiller@live.com Clients US West Toshiba Southwest Airlines Discount Tire Co. Woman s World Shops Kroger Ohio State University Club Mgr.'s Assoc. of Am. Hyatt Resorts Double Tree Inc. Select and Non profit departments within the US government Complete list can be seen at Affiliations Who s Who in American Women Who s Who in US Executive Community Leaders of America for Outstanding Professional Performance United Who s Who Registry of executives and Professionals Singleton Mom s nutrition The Broke Wives Club Mentor Metro Tech High School Advisory Board Member Member of National Assoc of Nutrition Professionals Member of EAPA, IAEDP, AzRHA Personal Knowledge Meth Addict family member in 1989 Best Friends kids involved in 80 s 90 s (3 out of 5 kids on drugs) Staff Nutritionist in clinicians offices helping addicts regain health in recovery since 2008 Started a resource website for families & Clinicians etc Grandson #1 Heroin addict 2011 Worked as Clinical Outreach Specialist for national firm 2013 Work nationally presenting drug education to clinicians and general public 2013 Grandson #2 Heroin addict

2 TODAY RECOGNIZING USE/USERS IN HOME/BUSINESS STREET LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION/BEHAVIOR PATTERNS How to Recognize Drug use How Substance Abuse Develops Possible Risk Factors for Substance Problems Early Symptoms of Substance Abuse Late Symptoms of Substance Abuse How Substance Abuse Develops This section demonstrates risk factors, early indicators, and late indicators of substance abuse problems. Risk factors are circumstances or characteristics that predispose someone to having a substance abuse problem. Early indicators of substance abuse are subtle symptoms or other outward signs that someone may have a substance abuse problem. Late indicators are more obvious symptoms or signs of substance abuse and include physical illness or damage from substance abuse or problems with the law. 2

3 How Substance Abuse Develops No Problem Severe Problem Risk factors, early indicators, and late indicators lie on a continuum from No substance abuse Problem to Severe substance abuse Problem. Everyone falls somewhere along this continuum. How Substance Abuse Develops Possible Risk Factors for Substance Abuse Problems Marital Problem or geographical separations Stress at work or life changes Previous drug usage Family member with substance abuse problem Family Problems No Problem Severe Problem Concern about own substance abuse Prevention of substance abuse takes place before a problem occurs. Risk Factors, such as those you see here, are clues that prevention is appropriate. How Substance Abuse Develops Early Symptoms of Substance Abuse Problems Frequent absences from work Difficulty eating and/or sleeping Mood swings Depression DWI/DUI or positive urinalysis Sudden poor job performance No Problem Severe Problem Early Indicators, such as those listed here, are clues that substance abuse may have started. Intervention, such as referral to the clinical ASAP for an assessment of a possible problem, may be appropriate. 3

4 How Substance Abuse Develops Late Symptoms of Substance Abuse Problems Liver damage Overdose Repeat DWI/DUI Arrest for possession or sale of drugs Repeat urinalysis positive Fired from job &/or put on probation due to substance abuse No Problem Severe Problem Late Indicators such as those listed here mean that treatment is appropriate. It is usually easier and much less costly to prevent substance abuse than it is to treat it. Signs and Symptoms of Abuse STAGES OF CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY STAGE 1: STAGE 2: STAGE 3: STAGE 4: Experimentation User Abuser Chemical Dependency (Addiction) Stage 1: Experimentation Tries the drug out of curiosity, media, peer pressure or to find out what it does. Uses in social settings or alone. Occasional to infrequent use. Begin to look forward to the buzz of the drug of choice. This is the beginning of drug abuse, it is primarily a rare usage of the drug. No changes are normally noticed in these individuals. 4

5 Party weekend use. Stage 2: USER Uses to socialize, not to have fun. Controlled use, avoids getting wasted or drunk. Experience few, if any, significant consequences with their jobs, relationships with others, or the law. Most of the beginner drug abusers fall into this area. It is very difficult to notice changes in behavior or job performance. Stage 3: ABUSER Changes in peer group develops new friends who are involved with drugs. Experiences memory loss from use (passing out, blackouts, prolonged drug binge). Family and friends become suspicious and concerned about abuse. Increasing tolerance quantity and frequency goes up! Mood changes from abuse anger, irritability, depression. Stage 3: ABUSER Cont d Significant health problems begin weight loss, hair and tooth loss, acne, liver problems, poor personal hygiene. Consequences from abuse work, home and legal issues. Changes in interests partying/getting high is more important than work, health, family, etc. Increased problems at work/school chronic tardiness and absences, accidents, poor performance. If a loved one falls into this category a family member or co worker should have already noticed the problem. 5

6 Stage 4: CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY (ADDICTION) Continued misuse despite serious consequences at work/school, home and with the law (loss of job, debt, DUI, relationship problems) Often enabled by family, friends, and coworkers to continue to stay in addiction. Demonstrates lying patterns; value system changes. Loss of interest in work/school, family and formerly enjoyed activities. Severely poor nutrition and health; preoccupation with chemicals. Stage 4: Chemical Dependency Cont d Rationalizes behavior to hide drug use. Increased isolation, paranoid and suicidal feelings. Experiences withdrawal symptoms when drug is not consumed. This Cycle can only be stopped by recovery (abstinence) or death. Major Types of Commonly Abused Drugs Alcohol (ethanol) Nicotine (all forms of tobacco) Stimulants Amphetamines, Cocaine, Crack, Caffeine, Nicotine Hallucinogens/Psychedelics LSD, Mescaline, Peyote, Psilocybin ( magic mushrooms ) Depressants Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Valium, Alcohol Cannabis Marijuana & Hashish Anabolic Steroids A synthetic form of the male hormone testosterone Inhalants/Organic Solvents inhalants such as gasoline, model glue, pain thinner, certain foods, herbs, and vitamins Narcotics/Opiates Opium, Morphine, Codeine, and Heroin 6

7 STREET NAMES FOR NARCOTICS Heroin: Stuff, Heroina, Charley, Dope, Hard Stuff, Hero, Little Boy, Black Bitch, Smack, China White, Black Pearl, Black Tar, Tar, The Big H, H, Antifreeze, golden girls, sweet dreams, brown sugar Opium: Aunti, Big O, Black Whack, Black Tar, Chinese Tobacco, Chocolate, Dopium, Hocus, Joy Plant, O, Ope, Pin Yen, Zero Others: Dover s Powder, Hilbilly Heroin, Horse, Junk, Lean, Purple Drank MPTP, OC, Mud, OC, OX, Oxy, OXYcotton, Sipin, Roxy, Rs, Os, Narco s, The Patch, China Girl, He man, Jackpot, Poison, Fenny,Whip STREET NAMES: Cocaine: Blow C, Candy, Coke, Do a line, Freeze, Girl, happy dust, Mama coca, mojo, monster, mose, pimp, shot, smoking gun, snow, sugar, sweet stuff, and white powder Crack: Base, Beat, Blast, Casper, Chalk, Devil drug, gravel, hardball, hell, kryptonite, love, moonrocks, rock, scrabble, stones and tornado Inhalants: air blast, bolt, boppers, bullet bolt, climax, discorama, hardware, hearton, highball, honey oil, hugg, laughing gas, medusa, moon gas, satan s secret, thrust and whiteout, Whip LSD: A, Acid, black star, blotter, boomers, cubes, elvis, golden dragon, L, Microdot, Paper acid, pink robots, superman, twentyfive, yellow sunshine and ying yang STREET NAMES Marijuana: 420, Aunt Mary, Baby, bobby, boom, chira, chronic, ditch, ganja, grass, greens, hash, herb, Mary Jane, Weed, Dope, Pot, Nigra, rip, root, skunk, stack, torch and zambi Methamphetamine: Beannies, blue devils, chalk, CR, Crank, Crystal, Crystal meth, fast, granulated orange, ice, meth, Mexican crack, pink, rock, speckled birds, speed, tina and yellow powder 7

8 Three Types of Drug Users 1. Experimenters Begin using drugs largely because of peer pressure and curiosity, and they confine their use to recreational settings 2. Compulsive users Devote considerable time and energy into getting high, talk incessantly (sometimes exclusively) about drug use, and become connoisseurs of street drugs. 3. Floaters or chippers Focus more on using other people s drugs without maintaining as much of a personal supply Drug Testing Used to identify those who may be using drugs Urine, Blood screening, or hair analysis Duration of Detection/ Cut-Off Levels Urine Analysis Amphetamines hours Cocaine/Metabolite hours Opiates hours PCP hours THC/Metabolite 24 hours 3 hours (depends on frequency of use) NOTE: Hair analysis 1 3 months for all drugs listed Drugs Testing Continued Approximately 70% of large companies test for drug use; 50% of medium companies and 22% of small companies drugs test Over 90% use urine analysis, less than 20% use blood analysis, and less than 3% use hair analysis. Most drug using youth do not cease drug use when they begin working. 8

9 Gender/Weight/Age Difference? Gender: The same dose of a drug administered to a man and a woman will generally have greater effects on the woman due to the higher percentage of body fat and therefore less body water in women. Thus the drug is more concentrated. Also, since some drugs bind to body fat, they are eliminated more slowly and remain active in the body longer Weight: A heavier person has more blood and other fluids and thus, as stated above, there is less concentration of the drug with less drug effect. Age: Children and elderly can be more sensitive due to enzyme systems that metabolize drugs not fully developed in children or impaired in the elderly. As a result, there is an increased duration of the drug action in both. Things to consider WHAT TREATMENT IS APPROPRIATE Know the Signs and Symptoms A radical change in personality Needle marks may be evident look in unseen areas like between toes besides the normal places you would expect to see use tracks Opiate abusers may appear unusually thirsty or sweaty The pupils of opiate abusers often appear as pinpoints The frequent smell of alcohol Alcoholics may exhibit irritable behavior, slurred speech, unusually bright or glassy eyes & difficulty expressing thoughts and ideas in a logical manner. Alcoholics often try to hide the physical evidence of their addiction, including empty bottles, cans etc. Individuals abusing prescription drugs may exhibit signs of intoxication, including clumsiness and slurred speech Someone with a dependency on prescription drugs may appear droopy eyed. 9

10 Once Acknowledged What Steps Can You Take to Help Them Get Treatment 1. Educate Family about addiction 2. Know your Community Systems and Resources 3. CBT to help identify the undesirable behavior. 4. Task Centered Approach 5. Family Treatment Approach 6. Use of Humor 7. Self disclosure & Storytelling 8. Setting Limits & Boundaries 9. Instilling Hope 10. Work Through Resistance Narrow down the choices to the needs of the client Do they have a successful history treating the specific addiction? Is the program licensed and accredited? What is facilities views on medications etc.? Does the program length meet scheduling needs of client? Do the take Insurance if needed? Will the client commit to working the program if they go? Is family committed to participating in process? Are there Cultural or lifestyle consideration? Age demographic of facility Is location a problem to be considered? Have a resource you can call on for advice for placement that is willing to meet with family/addict Coach families to ask questions before admitting loved one What type of After Care program do they provide? What to look for in Family Programs at Treatment Centers 1. How many family members can attend and can different members attend for different sessions? What age? 2. Is there a program for younger family members? 3. Is the program required (recommended) 4. Is there a separate charge for the family program? 5. What participation level is required by the family members? 6. How long is the program? 7. Does the program present brain disease education about addiction? 8. Does the program address Nutritional support needs? 10

11 Education Points to Consider 1. Create a reading list for families to educate themselves 2. Include info/ho on signs, brain impact, detox, TX options etc 3. Ask them to check on what Insurance coverage they may have 4. Discuss Intervention if required and steps to achieve one 5. Listing of Detox clinics and rehab centers & requirements 6. Community resources that may help if $ is tight and not Ins d 7. Website listing of support meetings i.e. AA etc. 8. Educate them on what may be needed as far as professional and specialist help before, during and after treatment 9. Encourage loved ones to seek help 10. Outline steps and approach of addicted loved one MY PICTURE ALBUM All of the following items were used by users in my home! Drug Use Clues Pictures 11

12 Running out of foil? 12

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14 Are you finding jewelry in out of place or missing? Users can be anyone YOUR BOSS, YOUR BEST FRIEND, SPOUSE, KIDS, GRANDKIDS, CO WORKER, PASTOR, DELIVERY MAN, POOL GUY, MAIL PERSON, KID NEXT DOOR, YOUR KIDS FRIENDS DRUG USERS 14

15 Resources Questions? THANK YOU! JACQUE MILLER PREMIER RECOVERY OPTIONS JACQUE MILLER & CO