Praça do Comércio. As the sun sets in the Bairro Alto, a continuous wave of people will start to flow into this neighborhood. Euro nightlife guide

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1 Lisbon drug tourism The selection of wines from Portugal was excellent at every restaurant, and the bottles were very inexpensive ($8 $12). 6 comments on " Lisbon, Portugal Graffiti, Drugs & Bums; but, OH, what a great vibe! ". From the square, we checked out Rua Augusta Arch which is a historic building and an attraction built to commemorate Lisbon's reconstructions post the 1755 earthquake. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by . Driving through the city, the first thing you start to notice is the graffiti. Now, I'm from New York, I see graffiti all the time, so if I'm actually taking notice of it, then you know it's a problem. Where is this white city they speak of? All I see is every color of the rainbow splattered over white-washed buildings not leaving "one square to spare." Lisbon's motto should be "if it can be painted, they will come.". With such varied landscape, there are so many incredible road trips in Europe suitable for all types of travellers. Brian Peter George St John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno, born 15 May 1948 and originally christened B.. Upon arrival at my hotel on the grand Avenida da Liberdade, I see the welcome committee is out. I am greeted by a few homeless people drinking beer. I thought the party scene was in the Bairro Alto? Hey, I always say," it's Happy Hour somewhere," and apparently at 11AM on a Tuesday, it's on the Avenida de Liberdade in Lisbon. Yes there are lots of drug dealers on every corner, and you get asked a lot, but its so easy to shake your head or just say no. You don't need too much street smart to get over that one. We stopped outside a few bars, cant even remember the neighbourhood, but I think the main night life area for late drinking. Was cool watching the people. Chatted with some guys from Senegal working from a bar. I gave up smoking weed many years ago, but was happy to share a smoke when it was passed to me. After that we accidently drifted into a gay area which was funny because it was cliché blue oyster dress code but on the street. I've lived in Granada in the old part of the city, very small area in comparison, but daily you get asked for hashish there by north Africans until they recognise you. We continue onward and finally meet up with the streetcar. Now prior to coming to Lisbon, the one warning I did find splattered all over the internet was the one about pickpockets on the streetcars. With the day I'm having, I'm not sure what to expect. The streetcar is super crowded (sardines in a can crowded), and I am holding on to my purse for dear life (white knuckles). I know I have nothing in my pockets, but what about my husband? He's not carrying his murse; where's his money, his room key, his chapstick? I better keep one eye on his pockets and the other eye, well, okay, both eyes are now on my husband's pockets. Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window). Once we got to the river banks, we stopped to grab a couple of mojitos from some young entrepreneurs, serving cocktails on the street. How clever and original! We took advantage of the sunny weather, the tasty beverages and had a well-deserved break. Lisbon seems to be a city of two worlds. Once you set foot in its busy city centre, you get overwhelmed by traffic, noise and agitation. The heat can be unbearable and the hilly maze and cobblestone can make your journey harder, tedious. When you get to the riverside, a whole new Lisbon gets reveals. A chillin' Californian like vibe, with hipsters and summery dressed girls, jokes and laughs about, beer and cocktails, music and a refreshing breeze. When we got to the city centre we took a small break by Lisbon's riverside just in front of

2 Praça do Comércio. As the sun sets in the Bairro Alto, a continuous wave of people will start to flow into this neighborhood. Euro nightlife guide #4: our best tips to par.. The drug quantities one can legally purchase and possess in Portugal, carrying them through the streets of Lisbon without fear of repercussion are as follows: One gram of heroin, two grams of cocaine, 25 grams of marijuana leaves or five grams of hashish; MDMA and amphetamines can also be possessed in amounts up to one gram. That's enough of each of these drugs to last you for 10 days. Be an informed tourist and avoid buying drugs from the streets. Most of these dealers will only try to pickpocket you or sell you wax, or really bad quality drugs. If Lisbon is your destination choice due to its drug policy, you should probably start reading online about how to safely acquire your means of fun. Great Barrington, MA A Winter Weekend Getaway to the Berkshires ". Needless to say, I don't get to see anything or take any pictures; first streetcar ride is not desirable; it is a bust. The Praça do Comércio or the Commerce Square is located near the Tagus river, the square is still commonly known as Terreiro do Paço or the Palace Square. It has an abundance of tourists and it leads to the main central shopping streets. How algorithms have brought new ways of seein.. After visiting the Algarve and loving the Portuguese lifestyle, I decided to embark on an adventure to Lisbon. Favorite part of the day wine time, err, I mean dinner time. The regulated legalization system would probably have a range of restrictions for different drugs, depending on their perceived risk, so while some drugs would be sold over the counter in pharmacies or other licensed establishments, drugs with greater risks of harm might only be available for sale on licensed premises where use could be monitored and emergency medical care made available. Examples of drugs with different levels of regulated distribution in most countries include: caffeine (coffee, tea), nicotine (tobacco), [6]. Public Safety and Community Response to Supervised Injection Facilities and Drug Consumption Rooms "Evaluation studies have found an overall positive impact on the communities where these facilities are located. However, as with needle and syringe programmes, consultation with local key actors is essential to minimise community resistance or counter-productive police responses. Drug treatment centres offering supervised consumption facilities have generally been accepted by local communities and businesses (Thein et al., 2005). Their establishment has been associated with a decrease in public injecting (e.g. Salmon et al., 2007) and a reduction in the number of syringes discarded in the vicinity (Wood et al., 2004). For example, in Barcelona, a fourfold reduction was reported in the number of unsafely disposed syringes being collected in the vicinity from a monthly average of over in 2004 to around in 2012 (Vecino et al., 2013). "The effect of the Sydney supervised injecting facility on drugrelated property crime and violent crime in its local area was examined using time series analysis of police-recorded theft and robbery incidents (Freeman et al., 2005). No evidence was found that the existence of the facility led to either an increase or decrease in thefts or robberies around the facility. Similarly, a study by Wood and colleagues compared the monthly number of charges for drug trafficking, assaults and robbery crimes that are commonly linked to drug use in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside the year before versus the year after the local drug consumption room opened and found that the establishment of the facility was not associated with a marked increase in these crimes (Wood et al., 2006).". And from the work perspective, both Dave and I work online, so we wouldn't need to worry about finding a job in whichever place we chose to settle in. The city is candidate for the 2020 Summer Olympics. Glycoconjugate vaccines: approaches for preparation and recent trends. Portinho da Arrábida. Loc We wish all participants a fruitful meeting in this beautiful city of. UCIBIO, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. NOVA de Lisboa,

3 Portugal. Some of the best restaurants I've ever eaten at are in Lisbon. That's not an exaggeration either. Local Portuguese food is delicious, and there are amazing international restaurants here, too. Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Department of Organic Chemistry, Spain. Drug decriminalization is in some ways an intermediate between prohibition and legalization, and has been criticized as being "the worst of both worlds", in that drug sales would still be illegal, thus perpetuating the problems associated with leaving production and distribution of drugs to the criminal underworld, while also failing to discourage illegal drug use by removing the criminal penalties that might otherwise cause some people to choose not to use drugs. However, there are many that argue that the decriminalization of possession of drugs would redirect focus of the law enforcement system of any country to put more effort into arresting dealers and big time criminals, instead of arresting minor criminals for mere possession, and thus be more effective. [. The judicial practice came to the conclusion that the " amount larger than small " must be five to ten times larger (depending on drug) than a usual single dose of an average consumer. [24]. Most of this bustling area was destroyed in a massive fire in 1988 but has since been reborn. Together with Avenida da Liberdade, Rua Garrett holds the title for the more expensive real estate of Lisbon. Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa Ed. C3, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Division of Organic Chemistry, Austria. Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, France. Effectiveness and Benefits of Supervised Consumption Facilities "Generally speaking, it is reasonable to conclude, on the basis of the available knowledge, that to a large extent DCFs [Drug Consumption Facilities] achieve the objectives set for them, and that the criticisms made of them are rarely justified. In fact, DCFs help to: " reduce risk behaviour likely to lead to the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS, among the population of the worst affected drug users; " reduce the incidence of fatal overdoses and, therefore, the mortality rate in this population; " establish and maintain contact between this population and the socialservice and health-care network, within which low-threshold facilities (LTFs) are often the First point of access because of the care and social assistance they offer; " reduce public order problems, particularly by doing away with open drug scenes, reducing drug use in public places, recovering used syringes, and reducing the impact of drug problems on residential areas (apartment buildings). "At the same time, the available data do not indicate any specific detrimental effect on: " the number of drug users and the frequency with which they use drugs; the figures are falling in both cases; " entry and retention in treatment, because the majority of DCF users are undergoing treatment, the proportion of those in treatment is growing, this subject is tackled within the facilities, and the users themselves state that DCFs do not have any major influence on their treatment. "All of these observations relate to the overall level of public health and do not mean that DCFs may not have negative effects in some individual cases. However, on the basis of existing knowledge, it would appear that the overall effect of DCFs on drug-related problems is positive.". QOPNA/ REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal. Opponents of prohibition argue that many of those externalities are created by current drug policies. They believe that much of the violence associated with drug trade is due to the illegal nature of drug trade, where there is no mediating authority to solve disputes peacefully and legally. [13]. 3 - Parque das Nações - Baixa - Alfama District - São Jorge Castle. Full legalization is often proposed by groups such as libertarians who object to drug laws on moral grounds, while regulated legalization is suggested by groups such as Law Enforcement Against Prohibition who object to the drug laws on the grounds that they fail to achieve their stated aims and instead greatly worsen the problems associated

4 with use of prohibited drugs, but who acknowledge that there are harms associated with currently prohibited drugs which need to be minimized. Not all proponents of drug relegalization necessarily share a common ethical framework, and people may adopt this viewpoint for a variety of reasons. In particular, favoring drug legalization does not imply approval of drug use. [7]. Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the Univ. of Porto. & Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Univ. of Porto, Portugal. Public Safety and Community Response to Supervised Injection Facilities and Drug Consumption Rooms "Evaluation studies have found an overall positive impact on the communities where these facilities are located. However, as with needle and syringe programmes, consultation with local key actors is essential to minimise community resistance or counter-productive police responses. Drug treatment centres offering supervised consumption facilities have generally been accepted by local communities and businesses (Thein et al., 2005). Their establishment has been associated with a decrease in public injecting (e.g. Salmon et al., 2007) and a reduction in the number of syringes discarded in the vicinity (Wood et al., 2004). For example, in Barcelona, a fourfold reduction was reported in the number of unsafely disposed syringes being collected in the vicinity from a monthly average of over in 2004 to around in 2012 (Vecino et al., 2013). "The effect of the Sydney supervised injecting facility on drug-related property crime and violent crime in its local area was examined using time series analysis of policerecorded theft and robbery incidents (Freeman et al., 2005). No evidence was found that the existence of the facility led to either an increase or decrease in thefts or robberies around the facility. Similarly, a study by Wood and colleagues compared the monthly number of charges for drug trafficking, assaults and robbery crimes that are commonly linked to drug use in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside the year before versus the year after the local drug consumption room opened and found that the establishment of the facility was not associated with a marked increase in these crimes (Wood et al., 2006).". Supervised Injection Facilities and Reductions in Overdose Mortality. Supervised Injection Facilities (SIFs), Sanitary Consumption Facilities (SCFs), and Drug Consumption Rooms (DCRs). "Drug consumption rooms are professionally supervised healthcare facilities where drug users can consume drugs in safer conditions. They seek to attract hard-toreach populations of users, especially marginalised groups and those who use on the streets or in other risky and unhygienic conditions. One of their primary goals is to reduce morbidity and mortality by providing a safe environment for more hygienic use and by training clients in safer use. At the same time, they seek to reduce drug use in public and improve public amenity in areas surrounding urban drug markets. A further aim is to promote access to social, health and drug treatment facilities (see 'Service model'). "Perspectives On Drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence," European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, June 2017, p. 3, last accessed Nov. 8, "Drug consumption rooms initially evolved as a response to health and public order problems linked to open drug scenes and drug markets in cities where a network of drug services already existed, but where difficulties were encountered in responding to these problems. As such they represent a 'local' response, closely linked to policy choices made by local stakeholders, based on an evaluation of local need and determined by municipal or regional options to proceed. Facilities for supervised drug consumption tend to be located in settings that are experiencing problems of public use and targeted at sub-populations of users with limited opportunities for hygienic injection (e.g. people who are homeless or living in insecure accommodation or shelters). In some cases clients who are more socially stable also use drug consumption rooms for a variety

5 of reasons, for example because they live with non-using partners or families (Hedrich and Hartnoll, 2015).". Effectiveness and Impact of Drug Consumption Rooms and Supervised Injection Facilities "The effectiveness of drug consumption facilities to reach and stay in contact with highly marginalised target populations has been widely documented (Hedrich et al., 2010; Potier et al., 2014). This contact has resulted in immediate improvements in hygiene and safer use for clients (e.g. Small et al., 2008, 2009; Lloyd-Smith et al., 2009), as well as wider health and public order benefits. "Perspectives On Drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence," European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, June 2017, p. 2, last accessed Nov. 8, Public Health Benefits of Supervised Injection Facilities and Drug Consumption Facilities. "In addition, the use of consumption facilities is associated with increased uptake both of detoxification and drug dependence treatment, including opioid substitution. For example, the Canadian cohort study documented that attendance at the Vancouver facility was associated with increased rates of referral to addiction care centres and increased rates of uptake of detoxification treatment and methadone maintenance (Wood et al., 2007; DeBeck et al., 2011).". "Perspectives On Drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence," European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, June 2017, p. 5, last accessed Feb 22, "Consumption rooms achieve the immediate objective of providing a safe place for lower risk, more hygienic drug consumption without increasing the levels of drug use or risky patterns of consumption. "Direct benefits of supervised injecting appear to be a reduction in some of the risk behaviours related to injecting, in particular improvements in injecting practice, use of sterile equipment and lack of opportunity for sharing drugs. Other benefits are that, if medical emergencies should occur, immediate medical intervention is possible, and the consumption equipment used in the rooms is correctly disposed of. Client surveys consistently show that service users appreciate the hygienic conditions, safety and peace that the rooms provide.". "Perspectives On Drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence," European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, June 2017, p. 2, last accessed Nov. 8, "Some evidence has been provided by ecological studies suggesting that, where coverage is adequate, drug consumption rooms may contribute to reducing drug-related deaths at city level (Poschadel et al., 2003; Marshall et al., 2011). A study in Sydney showed that there were fewer emergency service call-outs related to overdoses at the times the safe injecting site was open (Salmon et al., 2010). Effectiveness and Benefits of Supervised Consumption Facilities "Generally speaking, it is reasonable to conclude, on the basis of the available knowledge, that to a large extent DCFs [Drug Consumption Facilities] achieve the objectives set for them, and that the criticisms made of them are rarely justified. In fact, DCFs help to: " reduce risk behaviour likely to lead to the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS, among the population of the worst affected drug users; " reduce the incidence of fatal overdoses and, therefore, the mortality rate in this population; " establish and maintain contact between this population and the social-service and health-care network, within which low-threshold facilities (LTFs) are often the First point of access because of the care and social assistance they offer; " reduce public order problems, particularly by doing away with open drug scenes, reducing drug use in public places, recovering used syringes, and reducing the impact of drug problems on residential areas (apartment buildings). "At the same time, the available data do not indicate any specific detrimental effect on: " the number of drug users and the frequency with which they use drugs; the figures are falling in both cases; " entry and retention in treatment, because the majority of DCF users are undergoing treatment, the

6 proportion of those in treatment is growing, this subject is tackled within the facilities, and the users themselves state that DCFs do not have any major influence on their treatment. "All of these observations relate to the overall level of public health and do not mean that DCFs may not have negative effects in some individual cases. However, on the basis of existing knowledge, it would appear that the overall effect of DCFs on drug-related problems is positive.". Overdose Prevention Sites, also known as Supervised Consumption Sites or Safe Injection Facilities. "Research has also shown that the use of supervised drug consumption facilities is associated with self-reported reductions in injecting risk behaviour such as syringe sharing. This reduces behaviours that increase the risk of HIV transmission and overdose death (e.g. Stoltz et al., 2007; Milloy and Wood, 2009). Nevertheless, the impact of drug consumption rooms on the reduction of HIV or hepatitis C virus incidence among the wider population of injecting drug users remains unclear and hard to estimate (Hedrich et al., 2010; Kimber et al., 2010), due in part to the facilities' limited coverage of the target population and also to methodological problems with isolating their effect from other interventions. Effectiveness of Australian SIF According to the final report of the evaluation of the Sydney, Australia, Medically Supervised Injecting Centre (MSIC) by the MSIC Evaluation Committee (established by the New South Wales Dept. of Health): "In summary, the evidence available from this Evaluation indicates that: " operation of the MSIC in the King Cross area is feasible; " the MSIC made service contact with its target population, including many who had no prior treatment for drug dependence; " there was no detectable change in heroin overdoses at the community level; " a small number of opioid overdoses managed at the MSIC may have been fatal had they occurred elsewhere; " the MSIC made referrals for drug treatment, especially among frequent attenders; " there was no increase in risk of blod borne virus transmission; " there was no overall loss of public amenity; " there was no increase of crime; " the majority of the community accepted the MSIC initiative; " the MSIC has afforded an opportunity to improve knowledge that can guide public health responses to drug injecting and its harms.". "Perspectives On Drugs: Drug consumption rooms: an overview of provision and evidence," European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, June 2017, p. 5, last accessed Feb 22, Zobel, Frank & Françoise Dubois- Arber, "Short appraisal of the role and usefulness of Drug consumption facilities (DCF) in the reduction of drug-related problems in Switzerland: appraisal produced at the request of the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Lausanne: University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, 2004), p. 27. Thomas Kerr, Mark W. Tyndall, Calvin Lai, Julio S.G. Montaner, Evan Wood, "Drug-related overdoses within a medically supervised safer injection facility," International Journal of Drug Policy 17 (2006) p "In the present analysis we found that overdose events were not uncommon at the Vancouver safer injection facility. During an 18-month period, 285 individuals accounted for 336 overdose events, yielding an overdose rate of 1.33 (95% CI: ) overdoses per 1000 injections. Heroin was involved in approximately 70% of all overdoses, and opiates considered together were involved in 88%of overdoses. It is notable, however, that approximately onethird of overdoses involved stimulants. The most common indicators of overdose were depressed respiration, limp body, face turning blue, and a failure to respond to pain stimulus. The majority of overdoses were successfully managed in the SIF, with the most common overdose interventions undertaken by SIF staff involving the administration of oxygen, a call for ambulance support, and the administration of naloxone hydrochloride via injection. Among a randomly selected sample of SIF users, factors associated with time to overdose at the SIF included fewer years injecting, daily heroin use, and having a

7 history of overdose. None of the overdose events occurring at the SIF resulted in a fatality.". Home " Chapters " Overdose Prevention Sites, also known as Supervised Consumption Sites or Safe Injection Facilities.