general meeting 1 20 October 2016

Transcription

1 general meeting 1 20 October 2016

2 introductions

3 today s topics the human microbiome about the study

4 the human microbiome

5 the human microbiome human microbiota: the microorganisms that live within and on humans human microbiome: the genomes of these microorganisms HMP: Human Microbiome Project Turnbaugh et al., The Human Microbiome Project, Nature, 2007.

6 the gut microbiome most symbiotic microbes located in the gut functions: - metabolism - host protection and immune-system development - gut-brain axis Bull and Plummer, Part 1: The Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease, IMCJ, 2014.

7 gut microbiome diversity mainly two bacterial phyla: Bacteriodetes Firmicutes influenced by many factors, including host age, genetics and diet De Filippo et al., Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa, PNAS, 2010.

8 microbiome and health obesity: - associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes - obese microbiome has increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet - colonization of germ-free mice with an 'obese microbiota' results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a 'lean microbiota Turnbaugh et al., An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest, Nature, 2006.

9 C. difficile infection (CDI) Clostridium difficile: anaerobic, antibiotic resistant, Gram-positive bacteria - commonly found in the human gut but outcompeted by other bacteria - after antibiotic treatment, C. difficile may take over - produces various toxins, including cytotoxin an enterotoxin symptoms include diarrhea, fever, and potentially deadly inflammation of the colon if antibiotic treatment fails, stool transplants are fairly effective in treating CDI

10 impact of soylent consumption on human microbiome composition

11 history of the study fall conception and ideas winter assembled team, established RSO february crowdfunding campaign

12 experiment.com /soylentmicrobiome crowdfunding, for science! funding sources: - friends and family - reddit.com/r/soylent - experiment.com community

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15 history of the study fall conception winter assembled team, established RSO february crowdfunding campaign january to october IRB review

16 IRB review federally required documentation and paperwork for ethical biomedical human research 10 months 1 bajillion revisions 82 page document it means our study is approved and safe

17 history of the study fall conception winter assembled team, established RSO february crowdfunding campaign january to october IRB review october first meeting! november main study begins

18 why soylent? students are busy students want to be healthy more and more people are drinking soylent

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20 participation in the study every participant receives 8 ubiome gut DNA kits if you are in the soylent group, 20 bottles of soylent full access to your personal sequencing data $700+ value!

21 revised study design 9 participants in soylent group 5 participants in control group soylent is consumed for 4 days

22 daily procedures diet microbiome sampling electronic log

23 diet regular diet - stick to your regular diet as described in screening protocol soylent diet - 1 bottle for breakfast - 2 bottles for lunch - 2 bottles for dinner

24 microbiome sampling keep a kit with you at all times 1. swab off used toilet paper 2. re-suspend in lysis buffer 3. seal kit in envelope

25 daily electronic log every night, submit an electronic form: diet sampling information bristol stool rating health notes

26 next week study logistics: 1. sign informed consent document 2. receive Participant ID 3. fill out health screening form topics: 1. next-generation dna sequencing 2. bioinformatics

27 questions?