World Drug Report 2017
DEMAND
Global trends in estimated number of drug users and people with drug user disorders, 2006-2015 Global trends in the estimated prevalence of drug use and prevalence of people with drug use problems, 2006-2015
Proportion of people in treatment for different drugs, global averages, 2015 (or latest year available)
Primary drug of concern among people in drug treatment, by region, 2015
Total number of people in treatment, by drug type and by region, 2015 or latest available data
Number of deaths and healthy years of life lost (DALYs) attributable to drug use, 2015
Regional patterns in injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs, 2015
Comparison of burden of disease from hepatitis C and HIV attributable to injecting drug use, including past injecting, 2013
High-risk factors for aquiring and progressing to active tuberculosis (TB) among people who use drugs
Healthy" years of life lost (DALYs) attributable to drug use disorders among men and women, 2005 and 2015
Prevalence of HIV in prisons compared with the general population, by region, 2005-2015
Prevalence of tuberculosis in prison populations, by region, 2005-2015
Regional variation in drug-related deaths, 2015
Drug-related deaths from selected substances in the United States and in England and Wales Sources: United States, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Center on Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research; and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Office for National Statistics, Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales: 2015 registrations, Statistical Bulletin (Newport, 9 September 2016).
Age-adjusted rates of death caused by prescription opioids and heroin in the United States, 1999-2015
Misuse of prescription opioids in the past year, by age group, United States, 2015
Trends in the use of heroin and prescription opioids in the United States, 2002-2015
Heroin use and overdoses in the United States, 2002-2015
Number of samples submitted to and analysed by laboratories, by type of drug identified, United States, 2009-2015
Misuse of prescription opioids in five European countries among 12-49 year olds by sex, age and employment status
Sources of non-medical prescription drugs among past-year users, five European countries
SUPPLY
Number of countries reporting drug cultivation a 2010-2015
Total area under opium poppy and coca bush cultivation, 1998-2016
Global potential opium production and global (100 per cent pure) cocaine manufacture, 1998-2016
Distribution of total drug seizure cases, 2015 (2.4 million cases)
Global drug seizures of selected drugs, by quantity, 2010-2015
Number of transactions by substance, and market share of transactions by substance on the darknet, September 2013-January 2016
Annual drug users obtaining drugs over the darknet in the past 12 months, 2014-2017
Opium poppy cultivation and production of opium, 1998-2016a
Trends in the global interception rate of opiates, 1980-2015
Countries reporting largest quantities of opiates seized, 2015
Global opium production and quantities of opioids seized, 1988-2016
Quantities of heroin and morphine seized, by region, 1998-2015
Percentage distribution of quantities of heroin and morphine seized, by main trafficking route, a 1998-2015
Main opiate trafficking flows, 2011-2015
Heroin and morphine seizures in Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey Heroin and morphine seizures in the Caucasus countries, a Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova and Romania Source: UNODC, responses to the annual report questionnaire
Quantities of heroin and morphine seized in countries supplied by opiates produced in South-East Asia, 1998-2015
Quantities of heroin and morphine seized in countries supplied by opiates produced in Latin America, 1998-2015
Estimated number of global opiate users and opiate use perception index, 1998-2015
Annual prevalence of heroin use and heroin-related deaths in the United States, 2000-2015
Heroin use perception index, by region, 2000-2015
Global coca cultivation and cocaine manufacture, 1998-2015
Estimated global cocaine interception rates, 1980-2015
Global quantities of cocaine seized, a by region, 1998-2015 a Includes cocaine hydrochloride, coca paste and base, and crack cocaine; not adjusted for purity. Source: UNODC, responses to the annual report questionnaire.
Quantities of cocaine seized in North America and annual prevalence of cocaine use in the United States and Canada, 2004-2015
Quantities of cocaine seized in Europe and annual prevalence of cocaine use in the European Union, 1998-2015
Benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite) found in wastewater per 1,000 inhabitants in Europe (based on data from 80 European cities), 2011-2016
Benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite) found in wastewater per 1,000 inhabitants, 2016 (or latest year available)
Main cocaine trafficking flows, 2011-2015
Available indicators of the distribution of eradication of cannabis production, by region, 2010-2015
Global quantities of cannabis resin and herb seized, 1998-2015
Global quantities of cannabis seized, annual average, by product and by country, 2010-2015
Quantities of cannabis herb seized, by region/subregion, 1998-2015
Quantities of cannabis resin seized, by selected subregion, 1998-2015
Estimated number of cannabis users and cannabis use perception index, 1998-2015
Cannabis use perception index, by region, 2010-2015
Annual cannabis prevalence rates in the United States, the European Union, Australia, and at the global level, 1979-2015
Jurisdictions in the United States that allow recreational use, medical use of cannabis and those that allow no access to cannabis
United States: cannabis use patterns, risk perception, availability and medical cannabis among the population aged 18 years and older, 2002-2015
Cannabis use in the past month among the population aged 12 years and older in the United States as a whole, in states with measures allowing recreational cannabis market, and other selected states, 2002-2015
United States: trends in cannabis use initiation in the past year, by age groups, 2002-2015
Past-month prevalence of non-medical cannabis use among older age groups, prior to and following the legalization of medical cannabis use, 2004-2013
Prevalence and proportion of cannabis use disorders among daily or near daily adult (18 years or older) cannabis users, in the United States, 2002-2015 among adult cannabis users among adult cannabis users
Quantities of amphetamine-type stimulants seized worldwide, by type, 2010-2015
Quantities of methamphetamine seized worldwide, by region, 2010-2015
Interregional trafficking flows of methamphetamine, 2012-2015
Number of persons treated for methamphetamine use in the Philippines (2010-2015) and Hong Kong, China (2013-2015)
Quantity of methamphetamine seized and number of dismantled laboratories in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2010-2015
Quantities of amphetamine seized worldwide, by region, 2010-2015
Amphetamine and "captagon" trafficking flows with countries in the Near and Middle East reported as provenance or destination, 2014-2015
Precursors for amphetamine and methamphetamine
Interregional trafficking flows of ecstasy, 2012-2015
Precursors for ecstasy -type substances
Number of seized facilities related to the manufacture of ecstasy, 2013-2015
Number of different new psychoactive substances reported each year, 2009-2015
Proportion of new psychoactive substances, by substance category, December 2016
Proportion of new psychoactive substances, by pharmacological effect, December 2016
Annual amounts of synthetic new psychoactive substances seized globally, 2010-2015
Global quantities seized and number of countries and territories reporting seizures of synthetic cannabinoids, 2010-2015
Past-year prevalence of use of new psychoactive substances and mephedrone in Ireland and Northern Ireland, 2010/11 and 2014/15 population aged 15-64 years
Number of synthetic cannabinoids reported yearly to the UNODC early warning advisory from 2009 to 2015
Past-year prevalence of cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids ( Spice ) use among twelfth-grade students, United States, 2011-2016
Exposure to synthetic cannabinoids reported to poison centres, United States, 2012-2016
Examples of chemical modifications leading to new synthetic cannabinoids
Extent of perceived risk to a person s health posed by the use of new psychoactive substances, Europe, 2014
Breakdown of clients of syringe exchange programmes, by primary injected drug, Hungary, 2011-2015
HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs and primary drugs used among participants in needle and syringe programmes, Romania, 2005-2013
Annual number of synthetic opioids reported to UNODC, 2012-2016
Quantities of ketamine seized globally, 2010-2015
Proportion of quantity of ketamine seized, by subregion/region, 2010-2015
Prevalence of use of ketamine in England and Wales, United Kingdom, 2006/07-2015/16
Importance of organized crime groups, European Union
Organized crime groups active in illicit drug markets in Europe
Nexus between organized crime and drugs in Germany
Illicit financial flows: Originally: synonym for capital flight from developing to developed countries Nowadays: crime-related proceeds crossing borders; and funds crossing borders for the financing of organized crime or terrorism; and funds crossing borders violating capital control regulations; and funds crossing borders for purposes of tax evasion (not included: funds crossing borders for purposes of tax avoidance; but this is still being discussed among various international bodies)
Measurement concepts: from drug proceeds to illicit financial flows related to drugs
Illicit drug retail sales in constant currency units and expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product in the United States and 21 European Union countries
Financial Action Task Force estimates of global amounts laundered in the late 1980s
Proceeds of illicit drug sales and other crimes in selected industrialized countries, expressed as proportion of gross domestic product
Revenues from illicit markets per year (billions of euros), 2011
Illicit drug retail sales in constant currency units and expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product in the United States and 21 European Union countries
Estimated drug expenditure by households in 21 European Union countries
High-level corruption Low-level corruption Violence
Prevalence of bribery, by type of public official and by level of income, 2013
Links between drugs and terrorism 100 This section covers entities placed on the Consolidated United Nations Security Council Sanctions list and other insurgent and non-state armed groups.
Persons killed in terrorist attacks and area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan, 2000-2016
Area under control of insurgent groups and area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan, 2016
Distribution of opium poppy cultivation areas according to variations in level of control by insurgent groups, Afghanistan, 2016
Government control of villages, by poppy-cultivation status, Afghanistan, 2016
Attacks by terrorist, insurgent and non-state armed groups and area under coca cultivation, Peru, 1978-2016
Registered victims* of non-state armed violence and area under coca cultivation, Colombia, 2000-2016
Number of persons killed by terror attacks and area under opium poppy cultivation, Myanmar, 1996-2015
World Drug Report 2017