Chapter 1 : On Field Evaluation And Treatment Of Common Athletic Injuries, 1e Medical Books On Field Evaluation And Treatment Of Common Athletic Injuries, 1e Three of today's leading orthopedic specialists in sports medicine have joined together to deliver the latest facts, procedures, and protocols for treating athletes injured in action. Seek medical attention if any of the following occur: The characteristics of overuse injuries include: The treatment of overuse injuries initially involves activity modification with local treatment such as ice to decrease the inflammatory process. Seek medical attention with an overuse injury if the symptoms: However, understanding the proper use of both is essential to maximizing the benefits. Use of Ice Use of ice will decrease blood flow, tissue temperature, inflammation, pain and swelling. Use for no longer than 15 minutes every hours; first hours following an acute injury. Use following exercise to decrease the inflammatory process. Prolonged exposure to ice greater than 20 minutes may lead to tissue damage. Use of Heat Use of heat will increase blood flow and tissue temperature, but like ice, will decrease pain. Heat can be used prior to exercise as part of a warm-up. However, general whole body warm-up activities such as jogging are more effective in increasing blood flow and tissue temperature to an area. Chronic injuries can benefit from heat application prior to stretching. Do not apply heat following acute injuries. Wait hours after acute injury. Do not apply heat when signs of inflammation redness, warmth, swelling are present. Once the soreness and pain are gone, slowly begin stretching and strengthening exercises. Gradually increase them until your able to resume your activities without pain. REST Rest and protect the injured or sore area. Stop, change, or take a break from any activity that may be causing your pain or soreness. ICE Cold will reduce pain and swelling. Apply an ice or cold pack immediately to prevent or minimize swelling. Apply the ice or cold pack for 10 to 20 minutes, 3 or more times a day. After 48 to 72 hours, if swelling is gone, apply heat to the area that hurts. Do not apply ice or heat directly to the skin. Place a towel over the cold or heat pack before applying it to the skin. Loosen the bandage if it gets too tight. Signs that the bandage is too tight include numbness, tingling, increased pain, coolness, or swelling in the area below the bandage. Talk to your health professional if you think you need to use a wrap for longer than 48 to 72 hours; a more serious problem may be present. Try to keep the area at or above the level of your heart to help minimize swelling. Page 1
Chapter 2 : - NLM Catalog Result On Field Evaluation And Treatment Of Common Athletic Injuries [James R. Andrews MD, William G. Clancy Jr. MD, James A. Whiteside MD] on blog.quintoapp.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Three of today's leading orthopedic specialists in sports medicine have joined together to deliver the latest facts. Track and field Unlike other collegiate sports, there have been no studies published on track and field injuries using the NCAA injury surveillance system. Therefore, we will look at the few studies that analyze injury prevalence in track and field. A article published by Zemper in the journal Medicine and Sports Science suggested that percent of all track and field injuries are the result of running events. A article by Jacobsson et al in the American Journal of Sports Medicine showed a strong dominance of overuse-related conditions such as tendinopathies and stress fractures in track and field athletes. These overuse injuries account from percent of injuries in various published papers. Sprint events accounted for Sprints and Relays The most common injury in sprint events is muscle strain, specifically hamstring strain. The mechanism of hamstring injuries is still being debated. These include neuromuscular inhibition, eccentric overload, over-striding, and decreased muscular endurance to name a few. To simplify hamstring injuries, these can be broken down into acute and chronic injuries. Acute hamstring injuries are the result of a distinct injury such as a sprinter pulling out of a race. These usually involved a tear of the hamstring muscle. These can be minor or more serve where bruising, swelling, and a defect are noted. Hamstring injuries can result in significant time away from training and competition, and early return frequently results in re-injury. Treatment involves management of pain in the acute phase of injury followed by rehabilitation to regain ROM, strength, and eccentric control prior to initiating a running program. Chronic hamstring pain can be due to a variety of underlying causes. These include incomplete rehabilitation from a previous hamstring injury, overuse injury, and referred pain from other areas such as the lumbar spine. A thorough evaluation from an athletic trainer or physical therapist is needed to determine the underlying cause and to develop an appropriate rehab program. Middle Distance Middle distance injuries are a combination of sprint injuries and distance injuries. The event distance and the training methods will dictate which type of injury is more likely to occur. Long distance Unlike sprints, long distance injuries are primarily overuse and repetitive stress injuries. These include sprains, strains, and tendinopathies as well as stress fractures, shin splints, and exertional compartment syndrome. Treatment should not only focus on resolving the symptoms but also include a thorough biomechanical evaluation to correct the underlying cause. This should include assessment of footwear, lower extremity alignment, and lower extremity flexibility and strength. Hurdles and Steeple Chase Hurdles and steeple chase have injuries similar to the above running events but also include more traumatic injuries. With hurdles, injuries can occur from hitting the hurdle or from catching a hurdle resulting in a fall or awkward landing. Traumatic injuries can include contusions, ligament sprains, knee internal derangements meniscus tear, ACL injury and fractures. These more serious injuries usually require significant time away from training and competition. Long jump and triple jump Long jump and triple jump are horizontal jumping events with specific associated injuries. These injuries can be broken down into overuse and traumatic. Overuse injures include tendinopathies and repetitive stress injuries as seen in other events and should be treated as noted previously. Traumatic injuries occur either at takeoff or landing and can include fractures, acute muscle tears, dislocations, serious ligament sprains such as ankle sprains, tendon ruptures, and knee internal derangements. High Jump and Pole Vault High jump and pole vault are vertical jumping events with similar injuries to horizontal jumping events. These injuries can also be broken down into overuse and traumatic. Besides the traumatic injuries noted for long and triple jump, pole vault accounts for almost all of the catastrophic injuries fatal, non-fatal but causing permanent severe functional disability and serious no permanent disability, but a severe injury. These more serious injuries should be evaluated by your athletic trainer and referred to a sports medicine physician for appropriate care. These injuries usually require significant time away from training and competition. Javelin, Page 2
shot put, hammer, and discus Throwing events account for the vast majority of upper extremity injuries in track and field. These include injuries to the rotator cuff and shoulder labrum as well as abdominal injuries from the rotational throws, and lower extremity injuries from planting during a throw. One injury specific to the javelin is an ulnar collateral ligament tear Tommy John injury. UCL injuries in javelin are due to the throwing motion and the stress incurred at the elbow, similar to baseball. Exertional heat illness Lastly, environmental factors can cause heat related illness in track and field athletes. Athletes, coaches, and medical staff need to be aware of the environmental conditions heat and humidity and monitor athletes for any signs or symptoms of heat illness. To truly evaluate an athlete for heat related injury, an accurate core body temperature needs to be assessed by a trained medical professional such as an athletic trainer. Cooling measures should be implemented with the best method being ice immersion. Page 3
Chapter 3 : Scholastic sports injuries: Track & field - Philly Organised according to anatomical region, this pocket-reference covers the evaluation and recommended treatment of on-field injuries, including information on immobilisation techniques, taping, and injections. The best way to prevent a sports injury is to warm up properly and stretch. Cold muscles are prone to overstretching and tears. Warm muscles are more flexible. They can absorb quick movements, bends, and jerks, making injury less likely. Also take these steps to avoid sports injuries: Use the proper technique Learn the proper way to move during your sport or activity. Different types of exercise require different stances and postures. For example, in some sports, bending your knees at the right time can help avoid an injury to your spine or hips. Have the proper equipment Wear the right shoes. Make sure you have the proper athletic protection. Ill-fitting shoes or gear can increase your risk for injury. When you return after letting your body recover, you may need to ease yourself back into the exercise or sport rather than jumping back in at the same intensity. Cool down Remember to cool down after your activity. Usually, this involves doing the same stretching and exercises involved in a warmup. Excessive rest may delay healing. After the initial hour period of RICE, you can start using heat to help relax tight muscles. Take things slowly, and ease back in to exercise or your sport of choice. Sports injuries statistics Sports injuries are common in younger adults and children. One-third of all injuries in children are related to sports, too. The most common sports injuries in children are sprains and strains. Contact sports, like football and basketball, account for more injuries than noncontact sports, like swimming and running. A study found that 8. Researchers note males ages 5 to 24 make up more than half of all sports injury episodes. The lower body is most likely to be injured 42 percent. The upper extremities make up Head and neck injuries combine for Deaths from sports injuries are rare. Risks Anyone may find themselves coping with a sports injury, regardless of the last time they suited up for the baseball diamond or squared off with a linebacker on the gridiron. But some factors put you or a loved one at an increased risk for injury. Childhood Because of their active nature, children are especially at risk for sports injuries. That means they may push themselves to injury more easily than adults or teenagers. Age The older you grow, the more likely you are to experience an injury. Age also increases the odds that you have sports injuries that linger. New injuries may aggravate these previous injuries. Lack of care Sometimes, serious injuries start off as small ones. Many injuries that result from overuse, such as tendonitis and stress fractures, can be recognized early by a doctor. Being overweight Carrying around extra weight can put unnecessary stress on your joints, including your hips, knees, and ankles. The pressure is magnified with exercise or sports. This increases your risk for sports injury. Children or adults who plan to begin participating in sports can benefit by having a physical examination by a doctor first. Diagnosis Many sports injuries cause immediate pain or discomfort. Others, like overuse injuries, might be noticed only after long-term damage. These injuries are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations or checkups. If you think you have a sports injury, your doctor will likely use the following steps to get a diagnosis. Your doctor may attempt to move the injured joint or body part. If this is your first time visiting this doctor, they may also ask for a more thorough medical history. X-rays, MRIs, CT scans, and ultrasounds can all help your doctor and healthcare providers see inside your body. This helps them confirm a sports injury diagnosis. If your doctor suspects you have a sprain or strain, they may recommend you follow the RICE method. Follow these recommendations and keep an eye on your symptoms. If they get worse, that can mean you have a more serious sports injury. Call your doctor if there are signs of swelling or if it hurts to place weight on the affected area. If the problem is in the location of a previous injury, seek medical attention right away. What looks like a tissue injury may in fact be a more serious fracture. Chapter 4 : Treatment Guidelines for Common Sports Injuries CoxHealth Page 4
ON-FIELD EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF. Edited by James R. Andrews, William G. Clancy, Jr., and James A. Whiteside. St. Chapter 5 : blog.quintoapp.com: Customer reviews: On Field Evaluation And Treatment Of Common Athlet Three of today's leading orthopedic specialists in sports medicine have joined together to deliver the latest facts, procedures, and protocols for treating athletes injured in action. In a quick-access format, it provides instant, reliable information on evaluation, immediate on-field treatment and. Chapter 6 : American Sports Medicine Institute Publications Three of today's leading orthopedic specialists in sports medicine have joined together to deliver the latest facts, procedures, and protocols for treating athletes injured in action. In a quick-access format, it provides instant, reliable information on evaluation, immediate on-field treatment and criteria for returning to play. Page 5