FUTURE SMART ENERGY SOFTWARE HOUSES Futures Conference 2018 Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen Department of Computer Science tiedekunta Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 14/06/2018 1
OUTLINE 1. Energy Sector Drivers and Opportunities 2. Future Scenarios to Software Futures 3. Computer Science (CS) PERSPECTIVE Software in Smart Grids Data in Smart Grids 4. Future Software-Related DEPENDENCIES, OPPORTUNITIES 5. Software Competencies in Smart Grids 6. Future Energy Software House Capabilities Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 14/06/2018 2
ENERGY SECTOR DRIVERS & OPPORTUNITIES Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 3
FUTURE SCENARIOS TO SOFTWARE FUTURES Disruption factors [World Economic Forum 030317]: digitalization decentralization electrification More energy sector R&D converging and coupling to digitalization [Business Finland (Tekes) 332/2017] The related technology industry includes software companies [Finnish smart grid vision, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment 2016]. Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 4
FUTURE SCENARIOS TO SOFTWARE FUTURES Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 5
COMPUTER SCIENCE (CS) PERSPECTIVE 1. What software and data are there and where (architecture) all over the future energy systems (Smart Grid)? Opportunities for more? Current obstacles? 2. What particular software technologies and competencies does / will software in there involve? Commonalities? New research areas, open research questions, knowledge gaps? Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 6
SOFTWARE IN SMART GRIDS Complex system-of-systems (SoS) Software parts Evolution of the current grids to integrate new technologies, in particular ICT Power systems with ICT systems Future power systems engineering, operations and management concern increasingly software applications, services and communications. Smart grids as service platforms for future distributed, carbonneutral energy systems [Finnish smart grid vision, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment 2016] Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 7
SOFTWARE IN SMART GRIDS Interoperability Layers: Incorporates SOFTWARE Electrical Process: Embeds SOFTWARE Power System Information Management: Uses SOFTWARE FIGURE SOURCE: CEN-CENELEC-ETSI SG-CG/M490/C_ Smart Grid Reference Architecture Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 8
DATA IN SMART GRIDS New data sources, streams / flows, datahubs ICT is an enabler but requires common interfaces and data models (Data Management). Needs and concerns: availability, access, ownership, information security open interfaces (API), sharing (standards) Exploiting data: monitoring and predicting the state of the electricity system (e.g., outages, DERs, demand forecasting) by combining and analyzing different data sources (even big data) valuing smart metering and other grid data assets Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 9
FUTURE SW-RELATED DEPENDENCIES interconnectivity, communications data / information / knowledge exchanges safety, reliability cyber-security cross-cutting FIGURE SOURCE: CEN-CENELEC-ETSI SG-CG/M490/C_ Smart Grid Reference Architecture Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 10
FUTURE SW-RELATED OPPORTUNITIES IT/OT convergence virtualization e.g., VPP digital services data / information modernizations FIGURE SOURCE: CEN-CENELEC-ETSI SG-CG/M490/C_ Smart Grid Reference Architecture Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 11
SW COMPETENCIES IN SMART GRIDS COMPONENT LAYER FUNCTION LAYER workstation software, databases, information processing data processing, communication protocols embedded software server software, databases, IT/IS interfaces, cloud distributed systems real-time systems IS design automation systems, remote data acquisition and processing Intelligent Electrical Devices (IED) design process control control systems FIGURES SOURCE: CEN-CENELEC-ETSI SG-CG/M490/C_ Smart Grid Reference Architecture Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 12
Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 13
SW COMPETENCIES IN SMART GRIDS Save and sell electricity Data on user s possession and then provided for services Two-way interaction and information exchange Internet of People More accurate and real-time information on capacity of storage and electricity usage FIGURE SOURCE: CEN-CENELEC-ETSI SG-CG/M490/C_ Smart Grid Reference Architecture Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 14
FUTURE ENERGY SW HOUSE CAPABILITIES new software-intensive systems engineering, management and interoperability cyber-physical systems (CPS), Fog computing, Internet of People large-scale cross-functional networking, distribution (DER, DS, microgrids, VPPs, etc.) multiple levels of (dynamic, real-time) controls (DR, etc.) new data sources and exchanges (AMR, data hubs, etc.) cyber-security, safety Information Technology (IT) & Operations Technology (OT) complexity Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 15
CONCLUSIONS There will be more and more software and data in all layers. Systems that never sleep: The software must be developed and operated (24/7/365). There will be new software-related dependencies which may cause unprecedented concerns (e.g., cyber-security). The enabled digitalization makes it possible to renew current processes and organizations possibly even disrupting them with new business models and emerging actors (e.g., VPP). Other (non-energy) systems will interoperate with Smart Grids. Consequently, new software competencies and software-based capabilities will be required in all future energy system houses. Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 16
CONTACTS Petri Kettunen, Niko Mäkitalo University of Helsinki Department of Computer Science P.O. Box 68 FI-00014 UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Finland E-mail: petri.kettunen(at)cs.helsinki.fi, niko.makitalo(at)helsinki.fi Petri Kettunen & Niko Mäkitalo 11/06/2018 17