African Swine Fever Current situation, surveillance and control in Bulgaria Sofia, 16 October 2018
PPR, 2018 ASF, 2018 HPAI, 2015, 2016-2018 NCD CSF, 2008, 2009 BT, 2014 SGP, 2013 FMD, 2011 3
First occurrence of ASF virus in Bulgaria: Tutrakantsi, Provadiya municipality, Varna region Date of suspicion: 30.08.2018 Date of confirmation: 31.08.2018 Location: Tutrakantsi village, Provadiya municipality, Varna region Report to ADNS: 31.08.2018, 18:00 Backyard farm with 7 pigs 4 of them died
Table 4 Summary of the molecular characterization results from Eastern European ASFV isolates 2007-2018 COUNTRY YEAR CVR SUBTYPING IGR I73R-I329L SUBTYPING IGR MGF SUBTYPING Georgia 2007 CVR1 IGR-1 MGF -1 Armenia 2007 CVR1 IGR-1 MGF -1 Azerbaijan 2008 CVR1 IGR-1 MGF -1 2007-2012 CVR1 IGR-1 MGF -1 Russia Federation MGF -1 + 2012-2017 CVR1 IGR-1 + IGR-2 MGF -2 + MGF -3 Ukraine 2012, 2015 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Belarus 2013 CVR1 IGR -2 MGF -1 2014 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Estonia 2015-2016 CVR1+ CVR 2 IGR-2 MGF -1 2017-2018 CVR1 + CVR1SNP1* IGR-2 MGF -1 Latvia 2014-2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 2014-2016 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Lithuania MGF -1+ 2017-2018 CVR1+CVR1SNP3* IGR-2 MGF -4 + MGF -5 2014-2015 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Poland 2016 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 + MGF -2 2017-2018 CVR1 + CVR1SNP2* IGR-1 + IGR-2 MGF -1 + MGF -2 Moldova 2016-2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Czech Republic 2017-2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Romania 2017-2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Hungary 2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 Bulgaria 2018 CVR1 IGR-2 MGF -1 BULGARIA ASFV GII, CVR1 IGR2, MGF1
Possible source of infection Feed? new feed was produced by owner and provided to pigs approx. 10 days before the mortality started. However feed was produced from the field around Tutrakantsi. Other backyards used the same feed without any change of health status of pigs. Road and traffic from Romania passing trough the village? However backyard farm is located at the end of the village away from this road. Wild boar? No evidence for ASF in wild boar population in the surroundings of the outbreak and in the rest of the country. Low wild boar density in the area. No access of wild boar to the backyard. Introduced waste from Varna port and airport? No travelers from this village
Veterinary measures have been taken in accordance with the Council Directive 2002/60/EC: All 97 pigs in Tutrakatsi were culled and destroyed by burial Disinfection of vehicles, streets and equipment were performed Protection zone 10 km around the outbreak Surveillance zone whole Varna region From 10 km protection zone all 991 pigs from backyards were sampled and tested negative for ASF Active clinical and laboratory surveillance is being continued in Varna region
Varna region It is a province in Eastern Bulgaria and it comprises 12 municipalities. At the Regional Veterinary Service, there are 12 official vets working in the Animal Health Department. 4 Industrial farms (with about 66 000 pigs) and 5 type A farms have a high level of biosecurity clinical examinations are performed by official vets every week. 25 East Balkan Pigs herds are located in 3 municipalities, mainly in the south part of the province. Now East-Balkan pigs are kept closed. In Varna region there are about 4000 wild boars. The density is higher in the south part of the province.
Results from surveillance activities in the country in 2018 as by end of Sept Clinical examinations demonstrate absence of ASFV in domestic pig holdings Laboratory testing (whole territory of the country): Type of samples Domestic pigs No of samples 1098 (samples taken in the 10K zone not included) Wild boar 2353 Confiscated products 139 All were tested negative for ASF
Measures undertaken Control of movement of people, animals and animal origin foods/products from countries with ASF Test and disposal of all confiscated products Official controls of implementation of biosecurity measures in farms Mandatory development of contingency plans for all industrial farms Regular meetings with stakeholders Additional training on biosecurity for all industrial farms to be conducted in early October In 20 km zones around the industrial farms atempts to decrease the number of backyard holdings Ban of feeding with fresh grass
Hunting and wild boar surveillance and control Development of a software/app for hunters; the results from Trichinella testing will be provided only if an ASF sample is also submitted; Ban on trade of wild boar into the territory of Bulgaria; Trainings of hunters on epidemiology, sampling and enhanced biosecurity measures; Building of dedicated pits for WB carcasses and ABPs disposal in hunting grounds; Enforced passive surveillance in WB Individual hinting all over the year.
29 September opening of the new hunting season Biosecurity requirements Regulation of hunting High risk zone only individual hunt; no dogs allowed; Buffer zone group hunting without dogs + individual hunt Rest of the country driven hunt + individual hunt
Thank you! Bulgarian Food Safety Agency 15A Pencho Slaveikov blvd. 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria tel.: 00359 2 915 98 20 e_mail: d_iliev@bfsa.bg; ceo@bfsa.bg Animal Health Department tel.: 00359 2 915 98 42 e_mail: ahwfc@bfsa.bg; http://babh.government.bg/bg/page/a h/index/ah/здравеопаз
African Swine Fever Sten Mortensen 16 October 2018
African Swine Fever - introduction IRKUTSKAYA OBLAST 2017 entry Temporal spread of ASF in Eastern Europe 2 / Institutionsnavn / Titel på præsentation
Surveillance for african swine fever Look out for dead pigs! Healthy looking Sick pig Dead pig 3 6 days Only one day!
ASF in wild boar Mortality 95% When wild boar become infected, the virus stays in the area and swine farms become infected ASF virus kan survive many months in the carcass ASF virus can survive 1 year in blood ASF virus can survive 8 months in a parma ham 4
Mode of spread Marts 2014 Juli 2014 September 2014 Wild boar movement September 2015 September 2016 Oktober 2016 5 / DVFA / ASF
Mode of spread Human activity Warsaw urban area Over-loaded garbage containers 6 / DVFA / ASF
ASF virus in 15% of commercial meat products from Belarus in 2015 7
ASF spread via human activities 17-11-2017 21-07-2017 Belgium 8 / Institutionsnavn / Titel på præsentation 22-04-2018
2015 Jan 2015 Feb 2015 Mar 2015 Apr 2015 May 2015 Jun 2015 Jul 2015 Aug 2015 Sep 2015 Oct 2015 Nov 2015 Dec 2016 Jan 2016 Feb 2016 Mar 2016 Apr 2016 May 2016 Jun 2016 Jul 2016 Aug 2016 Sep 2016 Oct 2016 Nov 2016 Dec 2017 Jan 2017 Feb 2017 Mar 2017 Apr 2017 May 2017 Jun 2017 Jul 2017 Aug 2017 Sep 2017 Oct 2017 Nov 2017 Dec 2018 Jan 2018 Feb 2018 Mar 2018 Apr 2018 May 2018 Jun 2018 Jul 2018 Aug 2018 Sep Number of outbreaks pr month The 2018 outbreak season 40 ASF in domestic pigs in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland in 2015-2018 35 30 25 20 15 Estonia ASF Latvia ASF Lithuania ASF Poland ASF 10 5 0
Background number of outbreaks in pig holdings in the 2018 outbreak season until 30/09/2018 Early onset in May! Romania! Explosion in numbers! 400 350 300 250 200 150 Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland Romania 100 50 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July August September
Wild boar density in Eurasia (FAO)
Pigs in low biosecurity holdings density in Eurasia (FAO) 12 / / DVFA / ASF
2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 Jul 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 Jul 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 Jul 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018 Number of outbreaks pr month Background High quality data are being reported from all affected MS Seasonal pattern in domestic herds and in wild boar 900 800 700 600 Vectors? 500 400 Sum ASFwb Sum ASFdom 300 200 100 0
European pig meat sector 23.514.000 ton produced in EU28 in 2017 2.558.000 ton exported from EU28 in 2017 this can be lost to ASF Self sufficiency: 112% Current value of pig meat export from EU28: 8 billion EUR/year This is what is at stake here in financial terms. And there are many additional consequences
ASF situation in EU 14 September 2018 Part I, Blue zone: Buffer zone Part II, Pink zone: ASF in wildboars Part III, Red zone: ASF in wildboars and domestic pigs 2014: Estonia, Lituania, Latvia and Polen 2017: Czech Republic and Romania Part IV, Green zone: Endemic since 1978 2018: April: Hungary August: Bulgaria September: Belgium As a rule it s not allowed move live pigs from Part II og III areas 16 / DVFA / ASF
EU regulation directive 2002/60 outbreaks in swine holdings Protection zone at least 45 days No movement of pigs allowed No slaughter for 40 days After 40 days pigs may be moved inside the zone Surveillance zone at least 40 days No movement of pigs allowed No slaughter for 30 days After 30 days pigs may be moved inside the zone At least 10 km At least 3 km If intensive testing in each farm has been performed, the number of days can 17 / Institutionsnavn be reduced / Titel på præsentation
Restrictions in Part II-III area outbreaks in wild boar Commission decision 2014/709 Trade with other EU member states Part I Part II Part III 1) Live pigs + - - 2) Semen and embryo + + - 3) Fresh meat and products + + - 4) Animal byproducts + + - 18 / Institutionsnavn / Titel på præsentation
EU regulation directive 2002/60 and decision 2014/709 Outbreaks in wild boar Part I - Surveillance in wild boar Part II at least 2 years - National movement of pigs may be allowed - Biosequrity plan and surveillance Part III at least 2 years - No movement of live pigs out of the zone - pigs may move to slaughter from farms - national marketing ONLY of fresh meat 19 / Institutionsnavn / Titel på præsentation
Danish contingency plan Outbreak farms must be killed in 24 hours Contact farms must be killed in 48 hours Insects must be killed in the farm before the pigs are killed Testing of one dead pig per farm per day in the surveillance zone Government pays - full compensation for the value of the pigs - cleaning and disinfection of the outbreak farms Pigs will be killed by specialized staff provided by the pig industry 20 / Institutionsnavn / Titel på præsentation
Strengthening of the veterinary disease control Full-scale exercise 2019 21 / DVFA / ASF
Information DVFA website and leaflets Hunters Backyard pig holders Pet pig holders 22 / / DVFA / ASF
Infomation in collaboration with industry for commercial pig producers Information to target groups on risk of introduction eg. by food and kitchen offal prohibition of swill feeding Craftsmen and lorry drivers from eastern Europe - Facebook Outdoor pig holders folder CHR Hobby pig holders press release General public import of food specialities after holidays press release 23 / / DVFA / ASF
Information Signs along highways - risk of introduction by food and kitchen offal - prohibition of swill feeding 24 / / DVFA / ASF
Animal transport vehicles (cloven hoofed animals) returning to Denmark Industry code of practice Compulsory wash and disinfection at the border Inside and outside security wash + disinfection 48 hour quarantine before access to a farm if the truck arrived from an ASF high risk area - Red 7 day quarantine before access to a farm if the truck arrived from alert risk areas in ASF infected countries - Black 25 / DVFA / ASF
Wild boar management DK has been free from wild boars since 1807 Culling wild boars keeping DK free from wild boars Reducing risk of ASF introduction via human activity Fence along Danish-German border Areas with wild boar observations in DK in 2017 Estimated population 100-150 animals 26 / DVFA / ASF
Wild boar management 27 / DVFA / ASF
Fence as protection against wild boars invasion long distance transmission None of the Danish 8.500 pig farms are fenced Free-range pigs fenced by double fence with electricity 28 / DVFA / ASF Fence along Danish- German border 67 km 1.5 m 0.5 m
Risk factors transmission routes for African swine fever to farm Wild boar in the area Live pigs Swill feeding Feces/urine/blood On trucks On people Insects - high risk - high risk - high risk - high risk - high risk Semen and embryo Feed and water low risk low risk
BIOSEQURITY Fencing - Access to farms - Fencing - Unauthorized Transports Forbidden - Entry points
Biosequrity live pigs breeding stock Only buy from farmers you trust! Source herd Isolation Blood Isolation Sow herd 0 weeks 2 4 6 weeks 31.. 27 august 2018
Personnel Access visitors and staff Always through official entry Change clothes Change footwear Hand wash Disinfect hands No porc products! 32.. 27 august 2018
Allow only CLEAN trucks 33.. 27 august 2018
biosecurity 34.. 27 august 2018
Insects 35.. 28 February 2018
36.. 28 February 2018
37.. 28 February 2018
38.. 28 February 2018
39 / / DVFA / ASF Thank you for your attention