The effect of encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc on performnce, gut integrity nd met qulity in mle roiler chickens 1 Astrct This study evluted the impct of encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc (ButiPEARL Z) on performnce prmeters, gut integrity nd met qulity during het stress in mle roiler chickens rered to 47 dys of ge. Dy old chicks (n=448) were rndomly ssigned to 2 tretments (16 pens/tretment; 14 irds/pen). From dy 29 to dy 47, roilers were sujected to cyclic het stress (HS). On dy 28 (efore HS) nd on dy 32 (4 dys fter HS), intestinl smples were tken from 8 irds/tretment nd intestinl permeility ws mesured. On dy 47, irds were processed nd rest fillets were scored for woody rest (WB). showed significntly higher feed intke nd ody weight gin (BWG) thn the control t dy 47 (P<.5). During the HS period, showed significntly higher BWG compred to the control (P<.5). At dy 47, showed numericl improvement on overll feed conversion rtio (FCR) of 4 points when compred to the control. Additionlly, intestinl mcromolecule permeility of ws numericlly lower thn the control, which indictes more intct tight junction in the irds. tended to improve WB y 35% (P=.7). The dt provides evidence my llevite the negtive effects of het stress on growth performnce nd intestinl integrity nd help reduce the severity of woody rest. Introduction Butyric cid is y-product of microil fermenttion of products such s non-strch polyscchrides. It is considered importnt for norml development of epithelil cells. 2 Butyric cid derived from the fermenttion of non-strch polyscchrides, hs shown to improve gstrointestinl helth nd reduce incidence of colon cncer in humns. 3 Butyric cid hs positive effect on intestinl integrity y ffecting the tight junctions 4,5 nd promoting heling of the intestinl epithelium. 6 Zinc, on the other hnd, enhnces the expression of the tight junction proteins: occludin, cludin-1, nd Zo-1. 7,8 Butyric cid nd zinc hve complementry modes of ction; they oth positively ffect intestinl helth. Previous cell culture work hs shown tht utyric cid nd zinc significntly improved trns epithelil electricl resistnce (TER) of pig intestinl epithelil cells (IPEC-J2) sujected to het stress when compred to control. 1 hs een shown to improve growth performnce of roilers in previous tril work. 11,12 However, the effect of on het stressed roiler chicken performnce, gut integrity nd met qulity hs yet to e evluted. The present study evluted the impct of E on performnce prmeters, gut integrity nd met qulity during het stress in mle roiler chickens rered to 47 dys of ge. Mterils nd Methods Dy old, mle roiler, Co were rndomly ssigned to one of 2 tretments (16 pens/tretment; 14 irds/pen; Tle 1), tht included either control (no utyric cid supplementtion) or (1l/ton). The levels of utyric cid in re ~132 g utyric cid/ton. The tretments were dded on top of the sl diet tht contined 1 ppm of zinc s zinc sulfte. Broilers were rised until 47 dys of ge. The uilding temperture's rnge ws mintined t n pproprite temperture for the ge of the irds until dy 28. From dys 29 to 47, roilers were sujected to cyclic het stress y exposing them to 28 ± 2 C from 8 to 18 hours nd 22 C from 18 to 8 hours. Tle 1: Experimentl tretments Pge 1 of 5
BWG (g/d) BWG (g/d) Tretment Feed dditive 1 2 ButiPEARL Z 1l/ton The corn-soyen sed commercil type sl diets contined slinomycin sodium 6 g/ton, BMD g/ton nd phytse. Diets were mde for three growth phses: strter (-14 dys), grower (15-28 dys) nd finisher 1 (29-47 dys). The diets nd wter were provided d liitum. Bird weights, feed intke nd feed conversion were recorded on dys, 14, 28, 42 nd 47. At dy 47, crcss nd rest met weights were collected from 6 irds per pen (96 irds/tretment). Brest fillets were scored for woody rest. The woody rest scoring system used ws from to 3, incresing y 1 unit increments, where ws no woody rest nd 3 ws severe woody rest. At dy 28, efore HS, nd t dy 32, 4 dys fter het stress strted, intestinl smples (5 cm distl Meckel s diverticulum) were tken from 8 irds/tretment nd cultured in Ussing chmers to determine the permeility. Results nd Discussion There ws no diet effect prior to HS (dys -28) however, dding to the diet significntly improved BWG during HS (dys 29-47), compred to the control (P<.5; Figure 1). showed significnt improvement on feed intke nd BWG t dy 47 compred to control (P<.5; Figure 2). 1A 6 1B 7 6 4 4 - Differing superscripts indicte significnt difference P<.5 Figure 1. Effect of on BWG t -28 dys (1A) nd 29-47 dys (1B) Pge 2 of 5
FCR, 47d Fedd Intke (g/ird) BWG (g/ird) 2A 1 8 2B 2 6 2 1 4 1 2 ButiPEARL Z - Differing superscripts indicte significnt difference P<.5 Figure 2. Effect of on Feed Intke (2A) nd BWG (2B) t dy 47 showed numericl improvement on FCR of 4 points when compred to the control (Figure 3). These results re in greement with previous work showing n improvement in growth performnce of roilers y. 11,12 1.82 1.8 1.78 1.76 1.74 1.72 1.7 1.68 Figure 3. Effect of on feed conversion rtio (FCR) t dy 47 Additionlly, there ws HS effect on intestinl mcromolecule permeility (P<.5) nd numericl diet effect. Intestinl mcromolecule permeility of ws numericlly lower thn the control t dy 28, which indictes more intct tight junction in the irds (Figure 4). After 4 dys of HS, intestinl mcromolecule permeility of ws numericlly lower thn the control (Figure 4). These results re in greement with previous findings showing tht utyric cid nd zinc positively ffect intestinl helth. 4-8,1 Furthermore, showed trend of improvement on WB of 35% (P=.7; Figure 5). Pge 3 of 5
Woody rest score Apprent Permeility per cm 2 35 25 2 15 1 5 ButiPEARL Z Therml neutrl Het stress Indictes het stress effect P<.5. Figure 4. Effect of on intestinl permeility during HS nd therml neutrl conditions.25.2.15.1.5 Figure 5. Effect of on WB Conclusions Encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc showed synergistic effect y hving significnt impct on performnce nd gut integrity. The dt provides evidence my llevite the negtive effects of het stress on growth performnce nd intestinl integrity, s well s help reduce the severity of woody rest. Pge 4 of 5
References 1. Vignle, K, et. l. 217. The effect of encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc on performnce nd gut integrity in het stressed mle roiler chickens. 217 Interntionl Poultry Scientific Forum. Atlnt, GA. Astrct: T18, pge 53. 2. Pryde, S.E., S.H. Duncn, G.L.Hold, C.S. Stewrt, nd H.J. Flint. 22. The microiology of utyrte formtion in the humn colon. FEMS Microiol. Lett. 217:133-139. 3. Brons, F., B. Kettlitz, nd E. Arrigoni. 22. Resistnt strch nd the utyrte revolution. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 13:251-261. 4. Peng, L., Z.R. Li, R.S. Green, I.R. Holzmn, nd J. Lin. 29. Butyrte enhnces the intestinl rrier y fcilitting tight junction ssemly vi ctivtion of AMP-ctivted protein kinse in Cco-2 cell monolyers. J. Nutr. 139:1619 1625. 5. Wng H., Wng P., Wng X., Wn Y., nd Liu Y. 212. Butyrte Enhnces Intestinl Epithelil Brrier Function vi Up-Regultion of Tight Junction Protein Cludin-1 Trnscription. Dig Dis Sci: 3126-3135. 6. M, X., P.X. Fn, L.S. Li, S.Y. Qio, G.L. Zhng, nd D.F. Li. 212. Butyrte promotes the recovering of intestinl wound heling through its positive effect on the tight junctions. 9:266-268. 7. Zhng B, Guo Y. Supplementl zinc reduced intestinl permeility y enhncing occludin nd zonul occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) expression in wening piglets. 29. Br J Nutr: 12:687 93. 8. Zhng B., Sho Y., Liu D., Yin P., Guo Y., nd Yun J. 212. Zinc prevents Slmonell enteric serovr Typhimurium-induced loss of intestinl mucosl rrier function in roiler chickens. Avin Pthology. 212. 41: 361-367. 9. Kemin Internl Document, 15-147. 1. Kemin Internl Document, 15-143. 11. Kemin Internl Document, 15-14. 12. Kemin Internl Document, 15-142. BMD is registered trdemrk of Alphrm Inc. Pge 5 of 5