Skin Homework (Skin is the largest organ in the body) This homework is following the information in the Louise Tucker book so the answers should be easy to find. 1 Label the Cross Section of Skin below: Hair Shaft, Sebaceous gland, sweat gland duct, erector pili muscle, nerve blood capillary, sweat gland body, hair follicle, adipose tissue, hair bulb, papilla, blood vessel, subcutaneous layer, dermis, epidermis, capillary. www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 1
Topic 1 Structure Epidermis 1. The epidermis is the layer of skin that we can S It varies in T depending on the part of the B. It is T on the soles of the feet and T on the eyelids. The C on the surface are constantly shedding this is called D. They are also constantly replaced from B as cells in the B layer of the epidermis multiply and are pushed up to the surface. In total there are layers in the epidermis 2 Label this illustration: Stratum corneum (aka surface layer) Stratum lucidum (aka clear layer) Stratum granulosum (aka granular layer) Stratum spinosum (aka prickle cell layer) Stratum germinativum- basal www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 2
Stratum Corneum Epidermis continued: Hardened F D C Constantly being S (no nucleus) Stratum lucidum Only found on P and S no nucleus Stratum granulosum Cells have a distinct N Stratum spinosum Cells have a N Capable of M under friction (i.e. S & P Stratum germinativum basal The primary site of cell D /R (M ) in the skin Cells are L. It is in this layer that cells are M. They take about days to move up from here through the 5 layers of the epidermis before being shed (hence the need to exfoliate once a month ladies dead skin cells mean the moisturizers can t get through properly) This layer contains a pigment called M that gives S its natural colour, whether red, yellow or black. Melanin is produced by cells called M (This pigment gives eyes their colour too and hair!) www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 3
The Dermis The dermis is commonly known as the true S Unlike the epidermis this layer is connected to the B and lymph supply as well as the N The dermis contains S and S glands, hair follicles and many living cells. Mostly made of areola tissue which is tough and elastic it also contains white collagen fibres and yellow elastic tissue known as elastin. C pumps the skin and E keeps it supple and elastic. Both D -with A The Dermis contains main types of structure: 1. Specialised cells: Fibroblasts responsible for production of A T C and E Mast Cells: Produce H as allergic response and H, an anti coagulant Leucocytes: White B C which help fight infection and disease (Leuc always gives a clue that it is referring to white) 2. Nerve endings: alert the brain and therefore the body to H C P and P 3. Sweat glands contain mostly W, U and S and there are two kinds of gland: Eccrine: Watery sweat and control B T. Found all over the body but especially on the P and S Apocrine: Found in the G and axillae (A ). www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 4
4 Hair follicles tiny muscles called E P are attached to each hair and help with the body temperature (G B ) 5 Sebaceous glands: produce S, which lubricates H Sweat and sebum combine on the surface of the skin to form the A M. Helps to control B, prevent I and also acts as a natural M PH balance of the skin is to 6 Blood supply 7 Lymphatic capillary works with the blood supply to carry W product away from the area 8 Papilla Small conical P at the B of the H Contains B V -and N which supply the hair with N www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 5
Topic 2 Function SHAPES VM SHAPES VERY MUCH Fill in the blanks and make short notes underneath so that you can remember what the functions are: S H R Cooling Warming: A P E S V D Formation M Formation www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 6
Topic 3 Diseases and Disorders (Pathologies) You will need to familiarise yourself with these conditions and disorders. Summary of The Skin The Skin: Is composed of layers the E -and the D The skin has 8 functions: Is affected by seven different types of Disease: C, B V F, plus P D and skin cancers and other general conditions Keep these pages in your file in the Skin section along with the test paper It will help you to revise. Let Jackie know how you are getting on do you need a Private 1-1, email help, phone call, facetime or Skype? Not all of it will be remembered, but as you do the tests and refer back to these pages, it will start making sense nobody remembers this all at first reading! Jackie www.jackiehamilton.co.uk Skin 17.6.13 7