Situation and Strategies on HPAI Prevention and Control in China Zhang Zhongqiu Ph.D Deputy Director-General of Veterinary Bureau, Director-General of China Animal Disease Control Center, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China
1 Situation of Poultry Industry in China Overview of China s poultry sectored development Since 1980, China has been making rapidly development in poultry industry, the poultry inventory has been increasing by 3%-8% annually In 2006,15.541 billion birds raised, 5.365 billion in pent at the end of the year The proportion of the poultry off-take farms over 2000 poultry was increased from 40.9%in 1999 to 49.5% in 2004
Fig. 1 Chicken yearend stock changes in China between 1980 and 2006(Unit:ten thousand) 600,000.00 500,000.00 400,000.00 300,000.00 活鸡 200,000.00 100,000.00 0.00 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2006
2 Situation of HPAI in China Up to today, no H7 infection detected in China In 1996,the first H5N1 AIV (Goose/GD/96) was isolated from geese in China. In Jan 2004, the first outbreak in China started in Jan. 2004 in Guangxi province, followed by the spread of the disease to 15 other provinces. As of today, 94 outbreaks have been reported (50 outbreaks reported in 2004, 30 in 2005, 10 in 2006 and 3 in 2007)
Fig 2 Poultry HPAI Outbreaks in China from 2004 to 2007 疫情点数 (Number of epidemic spots) 60 2004 50 50 502005 30 2006 10 402007 3 30 20 10 0 30 2004 2005 2006 2007 年份 (Year) 10 3
Firstly, establishing and improving laws & regulations. The long-term effective prevention measures, emergency mechanism and technical specifications have been gradually improved in order to provide legislative guarantee. the Law of the People s Republic of China on Animal Epidemic Prevention the Regulations on Handling of Major Animal Epidemic Emergencies etc.
Secondly, enhancing veterinary administrative system building. Reformation of veterinary administrative system has been rapidly promoted to strengthen the public veterinary service system. Now, the Vet. network has been gradually forming. Animal tracking system has been gradually established by vaccination record mechanism and inspecting certificates management system
Thirdly, basing on full-vaccination policy, practising the measure of combining vaccination, surveillance and culling. Since 2004, annual national HPAI Monitoring plan have been drafted and strictly implemented. All the case and flocks of positive samples tested has been culled in timely.
Fig 3. HPAI Surveillance Results in China from 2004 to 2007 Year Number of serum samples (unit: ten thousand) Number of pathogen samples (unit: ten thousand) Number of positive samples 2004 286.8 9.3 16 2005 2006 2007 total 292.3 635.2 286.4* 1540 20.9 46.5 22.6 99.3 21 50 37* 146 *:Up to Sept.,2007
Fourthly, establishing national financial supporting policies State council has established a series of stabilized financial supporting policies to ensure carrying out prevention and control measures on the major animal epidemic including HPAI, for example, building up animal epidemic monitoring and reporting capacities State has improved the major animal epidemic compensation mechanism
Fifthly, transforming raising pattern and strengthening prevention capacity various measures have been taken to promote poultry raising pattern transformation, so as to reduce disease risks in flocks. Standardizing poultry raising practice in order to increase the capacity to prevent risks
Sixthly, improving public awareness A series of popular science information on HPAI have been compiled in the form of posters, pocket books and basic knowledge brochures to be distributed to rural families. the HPAI knowledge and prevention & control policies have been disseminated through TV programs, radios, newspapers and gov t website.
Fig.4 The Poster on HPAI knowledge printed in multiplicate languages
Finally, strengthening and improving communication and cooperation 3.7.1 Improve notification system for major animal diseases Reported in a timely manner occurrence and human infection of AI to relevant international organizations.
3.7.2 Participating actively in international cooperation Chinese gov t held that advantage of international organizations be fully made use of, and participated actively in activities of FAO, OIE, WHO A four-party joint conference mechanism was launched by MOA, MOH of China, FAO and WHO. China attended the FAO/WHO/OIE Emergency Meeting on Technologies for HPAI Control in Asia and the Symposium on HPAI Control Strategies and Economic Impact. China successfully hosted International Financing Conference for HPAI prevention & control, Organized experts from FAO/WHO/OIE to visit China
3.7.3 Strengthening Regional and bilateral cooperation In March 2004, MOA held China-ASEAN Special Meeting on HPAI prevention & control in Beijing In Dec 2005, Ministerial Conference for Asian Cooperation on HPAI prevention & control was held in KunmingIn Nov 2005, MOA and USDA co-hosted a symposium on HPAI prevention & control In last month, MOA successfully held the ASEM workshop on AI control Chinese gov t provided technical, financial and material assistance to ASEAN and African countries.
3.7.4 Exchanging & Cooperating in scientific research China has kept close cooperation with reference lab. of relevant countries and international organizations,and provided 6 samples of H9 subtype AI viruses and 23 samples of H5N1 subtype AI viruses to WHO UK, US, Japan, Mongolia, and Viet Nam provided 20 samples of AI viruses of H9 subtype, 6 of migratory bird H5N1 subtype, and 6 of H5N1 subtype, to China
Conclusion: The HPAI outbreaks and frequency have been put under control effectively The rates of positive pathogenic samples tested have been reduced gradually annual. The AI control activities have been changed from passive emergent reaction to pre-active prevention and control. A long standing effective mechanism on AI prevention and control has been gradually formed
4 Recommendations Further strengthening communication and cooperation, including bilateral, regional and global cooperation on avian and pandemic influenza prevention and control the international organizations continuing to play the important roles in global avian and pandemic influenza alert and response in the future
Thank you for your kind attention!