NM SACHINDRA JSPS Post-Doctoral Research Fellow Prof. K MIYASHITA Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University, Hakodate
Mysore India Karnataka
Working as: Scientist Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore, India CFTRI
CAROTENOIDS HEALTH WITH COLORS Sachindra NM JSPS Post-Doctoral Research Fellow Faculty of Fisheries Hokkaido University, Hakodate
WHAT ARE CAROTENOIDS? Carotenoids are a group of pigments (Colors) present in nature Yellow, red, orange pigments
More than 600 carotenoids in nature Present in Flowers, Fruits and vegetables, microorganism, seafoods, animals
FLOWERS
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
SEA FOODS AND ANIMALS
MICROORGANISMS
Plants can synthesize Carotenoids Gernanylgernanyl-PP Phytoene + 2 PP Carotenoids Animals depend on diet for carotenoids Converts one form to another
ROLE OF CAROTENOIDS In plants carotenoids are essential in Photosynthesis Dietary sources of vitamin A (retinol) and Antioxidants in Humans and Animals A
SOME ORANGE
Some Orange Mandarin Orange, Carrot, Mango, Sweet Potato Beta Carotene
SOME ORANGE FEW REDS
Few Reds Tomato, Water melon, Cherries, Strawberry Lycopene
SOME ORANGE FEW REDS LITTLE GREENS
Little Greens Green Leafy vegetables Lutein Zeaxanthin Neoxanthin
SOME ORANGE FEW REDS LITTLE GREENS SOME YELLOW
Some Yellow Corn, Pineapple, Squash, Zeaxanthin
SOME ORANGE FEW REDS LITTLE GREENS SOME YELLOW SEAWEEDS
Seaweeds Fucoxanthin
SOME ORANGE FEW REDS LITTLE GREENS SOME YELLOW SEAWEEDS Green? SOME SEAFOODS
SOME SEAFOODS Shrimp, Crab, Lobster, Salmon Astaxanthin
CAROTENOIDS AND HEALTH Vitamin A activity A Antioxidant activity Anticancer activity Antiobesity effect
Vitamin A is essential for A Vision ( Rhodopsin is the Visual pigment needed to see in dim light In the Eye- Rhodopsin + Light Retinal + Opsin Alteration in sodium ion channels and electrical signal to brain.
Some retinal is lost during the process Retinol (Vit. A) obtained from blood is converted to retinal in eye A
Vitamin A FUNCTIONS OF CAROTENOIDS Some carotenoids possess Pro-Vitamin A activity -carotene -carotene -cryptoxanthin Are converted to Vitamin A in liver -carotene OH OH Retinol (Vit. A)
Carotenoids as Antioxidants Oxidants Cell Light Heat Pollutants Stress Antioxidant Electron Stable molecule Free radical Stable molecule Electron
IN THE BODY Protein, Fat in the cells Oxidation Oxidation products AND Free radicals Free radicals IN THE FOOD SYSTEM Protein, Fat in the Food Oxidation Oxidation products AND Free radicals DNA DAMAGE DISEASE
IN THE BODY Protein, Fat in the cells Free radicals Carotenoids IN THE FOOD SYSTEM Protein, Fat in the Food HEALTHY BODY INTACT DNA
Oxidants activate stable molecules in cells to loose electron Free radical formation Lack one electron Free radicals try to steal electron from cell components cell damage
Free radicals oxidize cellular components- Protein, Lipid Formation of more radicals ( Damage to DNA DNA
Free radicals oxidizes Food components Oxidized food components bad for health Antioxidants stabilizes free radicals by donating electron
CAROTENOIDS are rich in electrons stabilizes free radical by donating an electron
protect the cells from damaging effects of free radicals protect foods from oxidation
ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF CAROTENOIDS Cancer Uncontrolled growth of cells in the body Damaged normal cells are eliminated by apoptosis Normal Cell apoptosis apoptosis:programmed cell death. Controlled by genes that cause a cell to die at a specific time, e.g., when DNA is damaged.
Cancer cell avoid apoptosis, mulitiply in an unregulated manner Cancer drugs induce apoptosis in cancer cells Cancer drugs also damages some normal cells
ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF CAROTENOIDS Cancer Cell Normal Cell Apoptosis Carotenoid No Effect Dead Cell Cancer Drugs Normal Cell Some Effect Cell Damage
Marine Carotenoids Wakame Solvent extract Fucoxanthin Enzymatic conversion Fucoxanthinol Halocynthiaxanthin
ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY - Apoptosis Effect Control Fucoxanthin
ANTIOBESITY EFFECT OF CAROTENOIDS Adipocytokines FAT FAT FAT FAT FAT FAT FAT FAT Various diseases Diabetes Hypertension Cardiovascular Disease OBESITY Accumulation of fat around the internal organs A major risk factor causing many kinds of diseases
Energy dissipation Brown adipose tissue UCP1 Human Adipose tissue Heat White adipose tissue Adipocytokines Various diseases Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is usually expressed only in brown adipose tissue (BAT) A key molecule for metabolic thermogenesis to avoid excess fat accumulation.
White adipose tissue Synthetic compounds? Natural compouds UCP1 UCP1 expression Fat is oxidized by UCP1 White adipose tissue (WAT) don t have UCP1 protein. Some synthetic compounds induce UCP1 protein in WAT Induction of UCP1 protein expression by natural compounds? Little BAT in adult humans. UCP1 expression in tissues other than BAT is expected to reduce abdominal fat
FUCOXANTHIN ANTI OBESITY EFFECT Feeding seaweed lipids containing fucoxanthin Rat and Mice Reduction of abdominal WAT weights Signals of UCP1 protein detected in WAT of mice fed with fucoxanthin containing lipids and fucoxanthin Little expression of UCP1 in WAT of mice fed control diet.
SHRIMP WASTE AS A SOURCE OF CAROTENOID Processing Whole shrimp Meat Head + Body Shell Solvent Extraction Pigments
Color from Shrimp waste Good source of astaxanthin Improves the color and flavor of fish sausage
As a source of Pigment for Ornamental Fish
What`s in TODAY`S DINNER Carotenoid??? Zeaxanthin Lycopene? Neoxanthin?
JSPS Sacred Heart High School, Sapporo Administration Teachers Students Prof. K Miyashita My Friends at Hakodate Contact me anytime at: sachiprathi@yahoo.com