Lesson 5.1 Non-Communicable Diseases By Carone Fitness Non-communicable diseases are illnesses that are not contagious. These diseases are often considered chronic diseases. Chronic diseases are long-term illnesses. Symptoms of chronic diseases may last for several years or possibly the lifetime of an individual. id 1
Risk Factors Non-communicable diseases are not spread from one individual to another. Whether or not you get a noncommunicable disease often depends on if you have any of the risk factors associated with that t illness. Common Common non-communicable diseases include: Arthritis Heart disease Cancer Diabetes Asthma 2
Arthritis Arthritis is a disease that causes swelling and pain in a person s s joints. The primary sign and symptom of arthritis is swelling and pain in the joints for more than 6 weeks. Age and family history are two of the risk factors associated with arthritis. Elderly l people are at greater risk for getting arthritis. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis There is a type of arthritis that affects kids. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a type of arthritis that affects children under the age of 16. Research has not determined why some kids get this disease. It may be that something in the environment, like a virus, triggers the disease in kids that have a certain gene. 3
Heart Disease Heart disease is an illness that results from the heart and blood vessels not working properly. Heart disease is the number one cause of preventable death in the U.S. Risk factors for heart disease include: Smoking Unhealthy diet Physical inactivity Obesity Heart Disease Many people do not realize that they have heart disease until they experience chest pain, a heart attack, or a stroke. In order to reduce your risk of getting heart disease when you are older, begin practicing healthy habits now. For example, don t smoke, eat healthy foods, and be physically active. 4
Cancer Cancer is an illness caused when abnormal cells within the body continue to grow and spread. There are many different risk factors for cancer. Cancer usually affects older people, but kids can also get cancer. Family history is an important risk factor for cancer. If someone in your family has cancer, you are at a higher risk of getting cancer. Risk Reduction Age and family history are two risk factors that you don t have control over. However, some risk factors can be reduced. Eating a healthy diet, wearing sunscreen, and doing breast and testicular self-exams are healthy habits that can help prevent cancer. 5
Diabetes Diabetes is a disease that affects the way the body uses its main source of fuel. The body s main fuel source is glucose. Your body gets glucose from the food you eat. A hormone called insulin then helps glucose get into the cells of your body. There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is when no insulin is produced in the body. Type 2 diabetes is when insulin does not work right. Diabetes Prevention Type 1 diabetes is not preventable. Researchers do not know why some kids get type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes may be preventable. Most people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. By eating healthy foods and exercising in order to maintain a healthy weight, you are reducing your risk of getting type 2 diabetes. 6
Asthma Asthma is a disease that makes it difficult to breathe. Asthma is a very common noncommunicable disease. Asthma can start at any age, but it is most common in school-aged children. Risk Factors Family history is one of the risk factors for asthma. Therefore, if one of your parents, aunts, or siblings have asthma, you have a higher chance of getting asthma. In many cases, asthma gets better or goes away as a child gets older. 7
Non-communicable Diseases Remember, you do not need to worry about being around, hugging, or playing with someone with a noncommunicable disease. You cannot get these diseases from an infected person. Presented By Carone Fitness 8