S. Jett, NBCT Montevallo Middle School
1 Create a pamphlet/brochure about resistance skills. 2 Write a commercial about abstinence. 3 Find the location and phone number for the local red cross.
1 explain what to know about pathogens. 2 explain how the body defenses work. 3 explain the different types of communicable diseases. 4 explain how to reduce the risk of communicable diseases.
A communicable disease is a disease caused by pathogen that can be spread. A pathogen is a germ that causes disease.
1 Direct contact touching, kissing, and/or sexual contact 2 Inhalation inhaling coughs/sneezes 3 Indirect contact touching objects that an infected person has come in contact with 4 Contaminated needle drugs, piercings, tattoos, etc. 5 Bitten by infected animal / insect 6 Consuming contaminated food / water
VIRUSES colds, flu, hepatitis, HIV BACTERIA strep, gonorrhea, lyme disease FUNGI athletes foot, ringworm, jock itch RICKETTSIA rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus PROTOZOA African sleeping sickness, malaria
Body defenses are ways the body protects itself against pathogens. The first line of body defenses are ways the body keeps pathogens from entering: 1 unbroken skin 2 mucous membranes ear wax, snot, etc. 3 Cilia tiny hairs that force out pathogens
The second line of defenses are ways the body kills pathogens when they enter. 1 Stomach acids 2 Fever 3 The immune system White blood cells contain antibodies which are proteins that destroy pathogens.
Immunity is resistance to disease. There are ways to get immunity. 1 You can have a disease. Your body develops antibodies to fight the pathogens which caused the disease. These antibodies give you more immunity if the disease enter the body again. 2 You can get a vaccine. To immunize is to get a vaccine. A vaccine is a dead or weakened pathogen.
The most common communicable disease is the common cold. Most young people get one or two colds a year. A common cold is a respiratory infection caused by any of 200 different viruses. The cold can be caused by direct or indirect contact and there is no immunity nor cure. OTC drugs may help relieve the symptoms. Reduce the risk by washing hands and reducing contact.
Influenza or flu is a viral infection of the respiratory tract. Antibiotics help prevent further infections, but the virus usually just has to run its course. You must stay hydrated and rest. Using aspirin for the flu may cause Reye syndrome which is a disorder that causes brain and liver damage. Washing hands and reducing contact are good preventives, but you can also get a flu vaccine.
Mono (kissing disease) is a viral infection that multiplies in the white blood cells. It usually begins with a fever and headache and swelling of the glands in the neck, armpits and groin and is followed by a severe sore throat. OTC drugs will relieve the symptoms and bed rest is usually recommended for a couple weeks. It may take several months to fully recover. Wash hands and avoid contact.
Hepatitis is a viral disease that harms the liver. There are 3 kinds 1 Type A is spread by food or water with feces from an infected person in it. 2 Type B is spread by infected body fluids 3 Type C is spread by having blood transfusions. Symptoms may be flu like. A shot of antibodies is given and special drug for type C. Wash your hands after using the restroom and choose abstinence for the best prevention.
Strep is a bacterial infection in the back of the throat. Antibiotics are administered and plenty of bed rest and fluids are needed to recover. Reduce your risk by washing your hands and avoiding contact. Lyme disease is an infection spread by ticks. A rash spreads about 7 inches across and the center is light red and the outer ridges are red and raised. Antibiotics are needed. Reduce the risk by wearing anti-tick lotions, clothing full body, doing a body check after outside hikes and removing the tick properly.
1. Wash hands often 2. Avoid contact with infected people and the objects they use 3. Check with a doctor if bitten by an animal 4. Do not use illegal IV drugs 5. Do not share needles for any purpose 6. Choose abstinence
1 Name ways that pathogens enter the body 2 List 6 ways to prevent communicable diseases 3 List 5 kinds of pathogens and discuss some of the diseases they cause