Communicable and Noncommunicable. Diseases

Transcription

1 Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases

2 After this lesson you will be able to: Compare and contrast between noncommunicable and communicable diseases Define the common pathogens that cause communicable diseases

3 Distinguish between communicable and non-communicable diseases Non-Communicable disease Also called non-infectious diseases For example: Heart disease Communicable diseases Also called infectious diseases. Passed through direct/indirect contact

4 Non-communicable diseases Diseases that CANNOT be spread from one person/thing to another Diseases that are not caused by pathogens (bad germs) Can affect any system in the body (circulatory, nervous, respiratory) Can be treated but not usually cured

5 Causes of non-communicable diseases 1. Hereditary- passed from parent to child 2. Environmental Where you live or work For example: Nuclear power plant 3. Lifestyle Poor health habits tanning, smoking, drinking, poor diet, lack of exercise and emotional stress.

6 Preventing non-communicable disease Have a balanced diet Get regular exercise Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs Regular check-ups can identify early warning signs

7 Common Non-Communicable Cancer Diseases Cardiovascular disease Heart Attack Stroke

8 Communicable Diseases Definition Caused by direct or indirect spread of pathogens (bad germs) from a person or thing to another.

9 Pathogens and Vectors Pathogens are disease causing agents (bad germs) Vectors are disease-causing organisms that carry pathogens from one host to another For example: Mosquitoes transmit malaria Ticks transmit Lyme disease

10 How diseases are spread Direct contact - touching infected area of person Indirect - sneezing, coughing, sharing personal items Contact with vectors (animals and insects) - bites Other contact - eating contaminated foods

11 Where Diseases Enter The Body Mouth A break in skin (cuts) Eyes Genitals Nose

12 Prevention for communicable diseases Wash hands Cover mouth when sneezing or coughing Proper care of food, don t share food Eat healthy and exercise to improve immune system Shower daily

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14 Common Types of Pathogens Bacteria Virus Fungi Protozoan

15 Bacteria (100 million will fit in a grain of sand.) Most common of all pathogens. Most DO NOT cause disease. Reproduces through cell division. Examples:Strep throat, Lyme disease

16 Bacteria Video Click Here for Smithsonian Bacteria Video

17 Virus All viruses are considered Parasites Smallest and simplest of microorganisms. Can only live on living cells It tricks human cells to reproduce more viruses. Examples- chicken pox, cold, flu, measles, rabies, HIV/AIDS

18 Protozoa Most are harmless One celled organism Grows in water Multiples quickly in moist places For example: Malaria

19 Fungi Include molds, yeast, and mushrooms Live in warm moist places such as locker room floors Examples: Ring worm / athletes foot

20 Fungi Athlete s Foot Ring Worm

21 The Body s Primary Defenses Against Diseases Skin Mucus Membrane Cilia

22 Skin Most Body s Primary Defenses Against important keeps out harmful germs Produces sweat that kills some types of pathogens Communicable Diseases

23 Body s Defense Against Communicable Disease Mucus Membrane Cells that line nose, mouth and throat produce mucus to trap germs

24 Cilia Body s Defense Against Communicable Disease Wavelike hairs that sweep out germs from throat, nose, etc

25 Body s Secondary Defenses Fever the temperature of the body increases to slow multiplication of pathogens White Blood Cells special cells that kill pathogens Chemical Barriers tears and saliva Reflexes blinking, coughing and sneezing

26 Take the quiz Click on this link: Enter the Test ID (given to you by your teacher) Enter your Student ID Complete the quiz