Effects of exercise on the body systems UV21531 J/600/2832 Learner name: VRQ Learner number:
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UV21531 Effects of exercise on the body systems The aim of this unit is to develop your knowledge and understanding of the short and long term effects of exercise on the musculo-skeletal and cardio-respiratory systems. In addition you will investigate different physical activities that use the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems and the impact of drugs on sports performance. UV21531_v5
Level 2 Credit value 5 GLH 30 Observation(s) 0 External paper(s) 0
Effects of exercise on the body systems Learning outcomes On completion of this unit you will: 1. Be able to investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the body systems 2. Know the long-term effects of exercise on the body systems 3. Be able to investigate the fundamentals of the energy systems 4. Know the impact of drugs on sports performance Evidence requirements 1. Knowledge outcomes There must be evidence that you possess all the knowledge and understanding listed in the Knowledge section of this unit. In most cases this can be done by professional discussion and/or oral questioning. Other methods, such as projects, assignments and/or reflective accounts may also be used. 2. Tutor/Assessor guidance You will be guided by your tutor/assessor on how to achieve learning outcomes in this unit. All outcomes must be achieved. 3. External paper There is no external paper requirement for this unit. UV21531 3
Developing knowledge Achieving knowledge outcomes You will be guided by your tutor and assessor on the evidence that needs to be produced. Your knowledge and understanding will be assessed using the assessment methods listed below*: Projects Observed work Witness statements Audio-visual media Evidence of prior learning or attainment Written questions Oral questions Assignments Case studies Professional discussion Where applicable your assessor will integrate knowledge outcomes into practical observations through professional discussion and/or oral questioning. When a criterion has been orally questioned and achieved, your assessor will record this evidence in written form or by other appropriate means. There is no need for you to produce additional evidence as this criterion has already been achieved. Some knowledge and understanding outcomes may require you to show that you know and understand how to do something. If you have practical evidence from your own work that meets knowledge criteria, then there is no requirement for you to be questioned again on the same topic. *This is not an exhaustive list. 4 UV21531
Knowledge Learning outcome 1 Be able to investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the body systems You can: Portfolio reference a. Describe the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems b. Investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, with tutor support UV21531 5
Learning outcome 2 Know the long-term effects of exercise on the body systems You can: Portfolio reference a. Describe the long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system b. Describe the long-term effects of exercise on the cardiorespiratory system 6 UV21531
Learning outcome 3 Be able to investigate the fundamentals of the energy systems You can: Portfolio reference a. Describe two types of physical activity that use the aerobic energy system and two that use the anaerobic energy systems b. Investigate different physical activities that use the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems, with tutor support UV21531 7
Learning outcome 4 Know the impact of drugs on sports performance You can: Portfolio reference a. Describe four different types of drugs used to enhance sports performance and their effects b. Describe the negative impact of drugs 8 UV21531
Unit content This section provides guidance on the recommended knowledge and skills required to enable you to achieve each of the learning outcomes in this unit. Your tutor/assessor will ensure you have the opportunity to cover all of the unit content. Learning outcome 1: Be able to investigate the short-term effects of exercise on the body systems Short-term effects: Musculoskeletal system increased joint and muscle temperature, increased muscle elasticity, increased range of movement at joints. Cardiovascular system increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, redistribution of blood flow to working muscles. Respiratory system increased breathing rate and depth, increased tidal volume. Investigating short-term effects: Participation in different activities (e.g. aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, sports), taking physiological measurements before, during and immediately after the activity (e.g. heart rate monitor, pulse rate, blood pressure, spirometer), recording data (e.g. tables, ICT downloads), interpreting data (e.g. percentage change). Learning outcome 2: Know the long-term effects of exercise on the body systems Long-term effects: Musculoskeletal system muscle fibre hypertrophy, capillarisation, increased tendon strength and thickness, increased bone density, increased range of motion, increased joint stability. Cardiorespiratory system decreased resting heart rate, increased stroke volume, increased cardiac output, increased size of heart muscle, decreased resting breathing rate, increased resting tidal volume. UV21531 9
Learning outcome 3: Be able to investigate the fundamentals of the energy systems Energy systems: Aerobic energy system (requires oxygen), activities that use the aerobic system to provide energy (e.g. walking, long distance cycling, marathon running), anaerobic energy systems (phosphocreatine, lactic acid), activities that use anaerobic systems to provide energy (e.g. 100m sprint, 400m, resistance training, weightlifting, rugby, football). Investigating physical activities: Estimating calories used for different activities, participation and observation of activities that use different energy systems, comparing energy system contribution for different activities. Learning outcome 4: Know the impact of drugs on sports performance Types of drugs: Anabolic steroids, stimulants, peptides, diuretics, beta blockers, narcotics. Effect on sports performance: Increased muscle size and strength, increased stamina, increased speed, increased alertness, weight loss, slower heart rate, pain relief. Negative impact of drugs: Harmful side effects (e.g. heart attack, infertility, cancer, aggression, addiction), negative influence on ethical values in society, negative influence on the profile of a sport or athlete, termination of sporting career. 10 UV21531