Effect of Concentration on Hazard Classification

Effect of Concentration on Hazard Classification Taken from Schedule 3, Part II, The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 Note There are official classifications for a few thousand substances published in Approved Supply List (Seventh Edition) Information approved for the classification and labelling of substances and preparations dangerous for supply,( L129, Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, 2002, ISBN 0 7176 2368 8). Some of the entries in the Approved Supply List also include classifications by and many of these are included in the University s chemical hazards database, HAZDAT. Where the Approved Supply List and HAZDAT do not include classifications by the criteria in the following tables must be applied. The following tables indicate the impact of on the classification of an individual substance. When two or more classifiable substances are present the resultant classification of the mixture is derived from a summation of the contributions of the individual components. See Part I of Schedule 3 of the regulations for a full account of the summation method that must be used to determine the overall classification of a mixture and also for the criteria for order of precedence/inclusion of individual phrases when two or more result. Concentration limits are expressed as weight/weight percentage except for gaseous preparations where they are expressed as a volume/volume percentage. VERY TOXIC, TOXIC, HARMFUL, CORROSIVE, IRRITANT and DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT also refer to the symbols that go with these hazard statements. See pages 8-10 for R numbers and risk phrases. 1. Acute lethal effects 1.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table I Classification by (w/w%) VERY TOXIC TOXIC HARMFUL VERY TOXIC with R26, R27, R28 7% 1% <7% 0.1% <1% TOXIC with R23, R24, R25 25% 3% <25% HARMFUL with R20, R21, R22 25% 1.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table IA (gas) Classification by (v/v%) VERY TOXIC TOXIC HARMFUL VERY TOXIC with R26, R27, R28 1% 0.2% <1% 0.02% <0.2% TOXIC with R23, R24, R25 5% 0.5% <5% HARMFUL with R20, R21, R22 5% 2. Non-lethal irreversible effects after a single exposure (*) In tables II and IIA, in order to indicate the route of administration/exposure the combined R phrases listed in Part V of the approved supply list shall be used (See pages 8-10 of this document). ( # ) In tables II and IIA R68 here refers to substances classified as HARMFUL. Concentration limits for substances required to be labelled R68 but classified as mutagenic are given in Table VI. 1

2.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table II Classification of the substance VERY TOXIC TOXIC HARMFUL VERY TOXIC with R39/ route of exposure 10% R39(*) 1% <10% R39(*) 0.1% <1%R68(*)( # ) TOXIC with R39/route of exposure 10% R39(*) 1% <10% R68(*)( # ) HARMFUL with R68/ route of exposure 10% R68(*)( # ) 2.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table IIA Classification of the substance (gas) Classification by (v/v%) VERY TOXIC TOXIC HARMFUL VERY TOXIC with R39/ route of exposure 1% R39(*) 0.2% <1% R39(*) 0.02% <0.2% R68(*)( # ) TOXIC with R39/ route of exposure 5% R39(*) 0.5% <5% R68(*)( # ) HARMFUL with R68/ route of exposure 5% R68(*)( # ) 3. Severe effects after repeated or prolonged exposure (*) In tables III and IIIA, in order to indicate the route of administration/exposure the combined R phrases listed in Part V of the approved supply list shall be used (See pages 8-10 of this document). 3.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table III TOXIC with R48/ route of exposure HARMFUL with R48/ route of exposure TOXIC 10% R48(*) HARMFUL 1% <10% R48 (*) 10% R48(*) 2

3.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table IIIA (gas) Classification by (v/v%) TOXIC with R48/ route of exposure HARMFUL with R48/ route of exposure TOXIC 5% R48 (*) HARMFUL 0.5% <5% R48(*) 5% R48(*) 4. Corrosive and irritant effects including serious damage to eye NOTE Simple application of this method for corrosive and irritant effects may result in under-classification or overclassification of the hazard, if other relevant factors (e.g. ph of the preparation) which impact on corrosivity/irritancy are not taken into account. See the advice given in the Approved Classification and Labelling Guide, (L131, Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, Fifth Edition, 2002, ISBN 0 7176 2369 6) regarding classification as corrosive and paragraph 4(4)(b) and (c) of Part I of Schedule 3 to the regulations. (*) In tables IV and IVA, when a substance or preparation is classified as corrosive and assigned the risk phrase R34 or R35, the risk of severe damage to the eyes is considered implicit and the risk phrase R41 is not included. Consequently, if a corrosive substances with R35 or R34 is below the limits for corrosive, such substances can contribute to a classification of the preparation as irritant (R41) or irritant (R36) may apply. 4.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table IV Classification of the substance CORROSIVE with R35 CORROSIVE with R34 R41 R36, R37, R38 CORROSIVE with R35 10% R35 5% <10% R34 5%(*) 1% <5% R36/38 CORROSIVE with R34 10% R34 10%(*) 5% <10% R36/38 R41 R36, R37, R38 10% R41 5% <10% R36 20% R36, R37, R38 are in the light of the present if they apply to the substances under consideration 3

4.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table IVA Classification of the substance (gas) Classification by (v/v%) CORROSIVE with R35 CORROSIVE with R34 R41 R36, R37, R38 CORROSIVE with R35 1% R35 0.2% <1% R34 0.2%(*) 0.02% <0.2% R36/37/38 CORROSIVE with R34 5% R34 5%(*) 0.5% <5% R36/37/38 R41 R36, R37, R38 5% R41 0.5% <5% R36 5% R36, R37, R38 as appropriate 5. Sensitising effects Substances that produce such effects are classified as sensitising and assigned: - the symbol HARMFUL and phrase R42 if this effect can be produced by inhalation, - the symbol IRRITANT and phrase R43 if this effect can be produced through contact with the skin. 5.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table V Sensitising with R42 Sensitising with R43 Sensitising with R42 1% R42 Sensitising with R43 1% R43 5.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table VA (gas) Classification of the gaseous (v/v%) Sensitising with R42 Sensitising with R43 Sensitising with R42 0.2% R42 Sensitising with R43 0.2% R43 4

6. Carcinogenic/mutagenic/toxic effects for reproduction The following symbol and risk phrases are assigned: Carcinogenic categories 1 and 2: TOXIC ; R45 or R49 Carcinogenic category 3: Mutagenic categories 1 and 2: Mutagenic category 3: Toxic for reproduction fertility categories 1 and 2: Toxic for reproduction development categories 1 and 2: Toxic for reproduction fertility category 3: Toxic for reproduction development category 3: HARMFUL; R40 TOXIC ; R46 HARMFUL R68(*) TOXIC ; R60 TOXIC ; R61 HARMFUL; R62 HARMFUL; R63 (*) R68 here and in tables VI and VIA refers to substances classified as mutagenic. Concentration limits for substances required to be labelled R68 but classified as HARMFUL are given in Table II. 6.1 Other than gaseous preparations (w/w%) Table VI Categories 1 and 2 Category 3 Carcinogenic substances of category 1 or 2 with R45 or R49 0.1% carcinogenic R45, R49 as appropriate Carcinogenic substances of category 3 with R40 1% carcinogenic R40 Mutagenic substances of category 1 or 2 with R46 0.1% mutagenic R46 Mutagenic substances of category 3 with R68(*) 1% mutagenic R68(*) of category 1 or 2 with R60 (fertility) 0.5% toxic for reproduction (fertility) R60 of category 3 with R62 (fertility) 5% toxic for reproduction (fertility) R62 of category 1 or 2 with R61 (development) 0.5% toxic for reproduction (development) R61 of category 3 with R63 (development) 5% toxic for reproduction (development) R63 5

6.2 Gaseous preparations (v/v%) Table VIA (gas) Classification of the gaseous (v/v%) Categories 1 and 2 Category 3 Carcinogenic substances of category 1 or 2 with R45 or R49 0.% carcinogenic R45, R49 as appropriate Carcinogenic substances of category 3 with R40 1% carcinogenic R40 Mutagenic substances of category 1 or 2 with R46 0.1% mutagenic R46 Mutagenic substances of category 3 with R68(*) 1% mutagenic R68(*) of category 1 or 2 with R60 (fertility) 0.2% toxic for reproduction (fertility) R60 of category 3 with R62 (fertility) 1% toxic for reproduction (fertility) R62 of category 1 or 2 with R61 (development) 0.2% toxic for reproduction (development) R61 of category 3 with R63 (development) 1% toxic for reproduction (development) R63 Concentration limits to be used for the evaluation of environment hazards Taken from Schedule 3, Part III, The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 1. The aquatic environment Table 1 Acute aquatic toxicity and long-term adverse effects DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50-53 DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R51-53 R52-53 (no symbol) DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50-53 DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R51-53 C n 25% 2.5% C n <25% 0.25% C n <2.5% C n 25% 2.5% C n <25% R52-53 (no symbol) C n 25% 6

Table 2 Acute aquatic toxicity Classification of the (w/w%) DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50 C n 25% DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50-53 C n 25% DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50 Table 3 Aquatic toxicity R52 (no symbol) R52 (no symbol) C n 25% Table 4 Long-term adverse effects R53 (no symbol) R53 (no symbol) C n 25% DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R50-53 C n 25% DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R51-53 C n 25% R52-53 (no symbol) C n 25% 2. The non-aquatic environment Table 5 Dangerous for the ozone layer DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT with R59 C n 0.1% DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, R59 R59 (No symbol) R59 (No symbol) C n 0.1% 7

Risk Phrases and R numbers 1 Explosive when dry 2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition 3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition 4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds 5 Heating may cause an explosion 6 Explosive with or without contact with air 7 May cause fire 8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire 9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material 10 Flammable 11 Highly flammable 12 Extremely flammable 14 Reacts violently with water 15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases 16 Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances 17 Spontaneously flammable in air 18 In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture 19 May form explosive peroxides 20 Harmful by inhalation 21 Harmful in contact with skin 22 Harmful if swallowed 23 Toxic by inhalation 24 Toxic in contact with skin 25 Toxic if swallowed 26 Very toxic by inhalation 27 Very toxic in contact with skin 28 Very toxic if swallowed 29 Contact with water liberates toxic gas 30 Can become highly flammable in use 31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas 32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas 33 Danger of cumulative effects 34 Causes burns 35 Causes severe burns 36 Irritating to the eyes 37 Irritating to the respiratory system 38 Irritating to the skin 39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects 40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 41 Risk of serious damage to eyes 42 May cause sensitisation by inhalation 43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact 44 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement 45 May cause cancer 46 May cause heritable genetic damage 48 Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure 49 May cause cancer by inhalation 50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms 51 Toxic to aquatic organisms 52 Harmful to aquatic organisms 53 May cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment 54 Toxic to flora 55 Toxic to fauna 56 Toxic to soil organisms 57 Toxic to bees 58 May cause long term adverse effects in the environment 59 Dangerous for the ozone layer 60 May impair fertility 61 May cause harm to the unborn child 62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 8

63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child 64 May cause harm to breastfed babies 65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed 66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking 67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 68 Possible risk of irreversible effects 14/15 Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases 15/29 Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gas 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin 20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed 21/22 Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed 23/24 Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin 23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed 24/25 Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed 26/27 Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin 26/27/28 Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed 27/28 Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed 36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 36/38 Irritating to eyes and skin 37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin 39/23 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation 39/23/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin 39/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 39/23/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed 39/24 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin 39/24/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed 39/25 Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed 39/26 Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation 39/26/27 Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin 39/26/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 39/26/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed 39/27 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin 39/27/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed 39/28 Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed 40/20 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation 40/20/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin 40/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 40/20/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed 40/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed 40/21 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin 40/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed 42/43 May cause sensitisation by inhalation and skin contact 48/20 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation 48/20/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin 48/20/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 48/20/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed 48/21 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin 48/21/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed 48/22 Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed 48/23 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation 48/23/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and 9

in contact with skin 48/23/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 48/23/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed 48/24 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin 48/24/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed 48/25 Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed 50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment 51/53 Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment 52/53 Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment 68/20/21/22 Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed CHIP criteria.doc 24.3.09 10