Chapter 14 & 15: Psychological Disorders and Treatments 1. A person may have a strong fear of spiders, but it is not considered a disorder unless it is: A) not based in reality. B) the result of a traumatic experience. C) a harmless spider. D) dysfunctional. 2. The DSM-IV has two main goals: A) to describe disorders and list their prevalence. B) to identify disorders and explain their causes. C) to provide an understanding of the underlying causes and treatment of disorders. D) to list disorders and reference their treatments. 3. Helen suddenly has shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, chest pains and choking. She goes to the emergency room and is told she is not having a heart attack, she is experiencing: A) generalized anxiety. B) a phobia. C) agoraphobia. D) a panic attack. 4. Hand washing several times until the skin bleeds may be an example of a(n): A) compulsion. B) obsession. C) phobia. D) panic attack. 5. If Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a real case, he would most likely be currently diagnosed with: A) multiple personality disorder. B) paranoid schizophrenia. C) dissociative identity disorder. D) borderline personality disorder. 1
6. Showing little or no remorse, the person with personality disorder will frequently lie, cheat or steal without thinking of the consequences to him/herself or to others. A) antisocial B) narcissistic C) criminal D) delinquent 7. Those with antisocial personality disorder show decreased functioning in the of the brain. A) corpus callosum B) frontal lobes C) amygdala D) thalamus 8. Julie says, I was not myself for a moment. It felt like I was floating above my body. I never experienced anything like it. You should tell Julie. A) to lay off the booze for a while B) she is a nut-case and should be locked up C) she is suffering from a dissociative disorder D) this is a common occurrence of dissociation and nothing to worry about 9. Bipolar disorder is characterized by the emotional extremes of: A) depression and anxiety. B) hopelessness and despair. C) mania and depression. D) bipolar and unipolar. 10. Drugs such as Prozac often help with a depressed mood because it: A) adds more serotonin and increases happiness. B) increases serotonin and norepinephrine. C) blocks the reuptake of serotonin, elevating arousal and mood. D) decreases norepinephrine and increases serotonin. 11. A false belief that is strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is: A) a leap of faith. B) a hallucination. C) disorganized thinking. D) a delusion. 2
12. The most common type of false perceptions in schizophrenia are: A) delusions of grandeur. B) visual hallucinations. C) auditory hallucinations. D) disorganized thinking. 13. Lack of emotional expression shown in schizophrenia is called: A) alogia. B) avolition. C) flat affect. D) delusions. 14: Which of the following would be an example of a negative symptom? A) hallucinations B) expressionless tone of voice C) inappropriate laughter D) delusional thinking 15. Robert has an identical twin who was just diagnosed with schizophrenia. Robert has about a % chance of developing schizophrenia. A) 100 B) 50 C) 75 D) 15 16. Lenore is unexplainable and continually tense and is plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from. A) a phobia. B) a dissociative disorder. C) obsessive compulsive disorder. D) generalized anxiety disorder. 17. Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of others around him but his is indifferent to any suffering they might experience. His behavior best illustrates A) schizophrenia. B) conversion disorder. C) obsessive-compulsive disorder. D) antisocial personality disorder. 3
18. Amanda s therapist suggest that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for her recent job loss. Her therapists suggestion best illustrates a A) DSM-IV diagnosis. B) social-cognitive perspective. C) medical model. D) linkage analysis. 19. For the past six months, a woman has complained of feeling isolated from others, dissatisfied with life, and discouraged about the future. This woman could be suffering from A) major depressive disorder. B) bipolar disorder. C) generalized anxiety disorder. D) a dissociative disorder. 20. Research evidence links the brain abnormalities of schizophrenia to during prenatal development. A) maternal stress B) a viral infection contracted C) abnormal levels of certain hormones D) the weight of the unborn child 21. A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be A) client-centered. B) humanistic. C) eclectic. D) meta-analytic. 22. Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy? A) Mary Cover Jones B) Carl Rogers C) Sigmund Freud D) Hans Eysenck 23. A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family s pool 3x a day for two weeks. This approach best illustrates A) stress inoculation training. B) aversive conditioning. C) exposure therapy. D) EMDR 4
24. Cognitive therapists are most likely to A) focus special attention on clients positive and negative feelings about their therapists. B) employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients difficulties. C) systematically associate clients undesirable behaviors with unpleasant experiences. D) emphasize the importance of clients personal interpretations of life events. 25. Many psychologists believe the disorganized thoughts of people with schizophrenia result from a breakdown in A) selective attention. B) memory storage. C) motivation. D) memory retrieval. 5