BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS

116 MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES IN NEW ZEALAND 213

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS 117 CONTENTS TABLES Table 1 Number of alcohol offenders by age group and sex 119 Table 2 Alcohol offenders by month and crash involvement 12 Table 3 Alcohol offenders by time of day and day of week 121 Table 4 Alcohol offenders by road type and weekend/non-weekend 122 Table 5 Alcohol level by driver age 122 Table 6 Age of male offenders by breath test result 124 Table 7 Age of female offenders by breath test result 124 Table 8 Age of male offenders by blood alcohol level 125 Table 9 Age of female offenders by blood alcohol level 125 FIGURES Figure 1 Number of alcohol offenders by age group and sex 119 Figure 2 Number of alcohol offenders by month of the year 12 Figure 3 Alcohol offenders by time of day and day of week 121 Figure 4 Number of offenders by alcohol level and age 123 Figure 5 Number of offenders by alcohol level and sex 123

118 MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES IN NEW ZEALAND 213 NOTES 1. Data The data in this section includes alcohol offences recorded by police. There can be several alcohol offence codes related a single incident. For the following tables and graphs, offenders are counted only once for each incident. Any offence records for the same individual that occur within the same hour are treated as a single incident. Not all the offences reported here will result in a successful prosecution. 2. Limits and testing procedure As from December 1988 the legal breath alcohol level was lowered from 5 micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath 4 micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath. From 1 April 1993, for those aged under 2 years, the legal breath alcohol limit was lowered 15 micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath and the legal blood alcohol level was reduced 3mg of alcohol per 1ml of blood. From 7 August 211 the legal breath and blood alcohol limits, for drivers under 2 years, have been lowered zero. The procedure is: i. A breath screening test is requested. ii. If the screening test is positive or not taken for any reason, the driver is asked accompany the officer a place where an evidential breath or blood test may be taken. iii. If the evidential breath test: (a) is not taken for any reason, then a blood sample is requested by the officer. (b) gives a reading of not over 4 micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath (above zero for those under 2 years), then the test is considered negative and no blood sample is requested. (c) gives a reading of over 4 (zero for those under 2 years), then the driver, after being advised of his/her rights, decides whether accept the reading and subsequent court action or request a blood sample. Refusing a blood sample when requested by an officer, or a result over the legal limit, normally results in court charges.

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS 119 FIGURE 1: NUMBER OF ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY AGE GROUP AND SEX 6 Alcohol offenders 5 4 3 2 1 Female Male 15-19 2-24 25-29 3-34 35-39 4-44 45-49 5-54 55-59 6+ TABLE 1: NUMBER OF ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY AGE AND SEX YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 29 21 211 212 213 Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 15 19 5674 1961 486 1545 429 1354 296 95 237 76 2 24 5584 1737 5185 167 5217 1535 4733 1383 429 1143 25 29 3631 166 3382 991 3455 161 324 947 394 91 3 34 2566 815 2233 72 2256 792 2175 697 247 635 35 39 2346 821 26 757 198 734 174 619 1585 566 4 44 2134 73 192 79 1831 699 1692 653 1516 557 45 49 1682 595 162 538 1554 55 1392 492 1288 484 5 54 1174 329 1111 369 149 345 124 348 993 324 55 59 753 173 73 165 753 189 662 164 682 161 6 and over 777 132 75 151 78 148 71 174 681 145 Unknown age 16 1 16 6 12 8 7 11 2 1 Total 26337 8342 2384 7558 22916 7415 229 6393 18224 5632 NOTE: In 213 there were 5 cases where sex was not recorded.

12 MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES IN NEW ZEALAND 213 TABLE 2: ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY MONTH AND CRASH INVOLVEMENT YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Month Fatal crash Injury crash Non-injury crash Did not crash Total January 37 81 1716 1834 February 1 27 93 161 1722 March 36 127 261 2224 April 2 99 1727 1846 May 29 127 1782 1938 June 36 122 27 2165 July 19 12 1852 1973 August 2 29 113 242 2186 September 3 16 1831 1967 Ocber 26 1 1881 27 November 34 11 1875 21 December 1 28 94 1911 234 Total 4 351 1265 22286 2396 FIGURE 2: NUMBER OF ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY MONTH OF THE YEAR 25 Number of Offenders 2 15 1 5 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS 121 TABLE 3: ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY TIME OF DAY AND DAY OF WEEK YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Time of day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday TOTALS Midnight 12.59am 75 87 121 22 439 969 895 2788 1am 1.59am 55 91 95 168 43 876 919 267 2am 2.59am 45 83 81 127 221 617 673 1847 3am 3.59am 38 35 58 12 187 426 449 1295 4am 4.59am 17 3 3 7 81 267 312 87 5am 5.59am 1 13 1 35 65 127 154 414 6am 6.59am 7 17 9 14 28 12 19 286 7am 7.59am 4 17 17 13 27 84 158 32 8am 8.59am 4 14 13 1 35 54 86 216 9am 9.59am 4 2 11 23 26 48 49 181 1am 1.59am 5 16 13 19 31 33 4 157 11am 11.59am 1 14 15 24 52 43 38 196 noon 12.59am 11 15 16 3 35 57 46 21 1pm 1.59pm 1 22 24 31 25 48 26 186 2pm 2.59pm 17 23 29 36 24 42 6 231 3pm 3.59pm 29 4 3 43 41 56 38 277 4pm 4.59pm 22 55 48 56 51 77 7 379 5pm 5.59pm 41 47 62 77 81 138 83 529 6pm 6.59pm 48 58 85 137 177 225 12 832 7pm 7.59pm 55 96 148 199 336 325 115 1274 8pm 8.59pm 96 121 224 344 511 459 151 196 9pm 9.59pm 57 121 194 397 61 53 19 218 1pm 1.59pm 66 17 194 452 686 615 91 2211 11pm 11.59pm 68 12 199 523 856 86 11 2736 Unknown 1 2 3 TOTALS 794 1262 1726 3132 528 779 4885 2396 FIGURE 3: ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY TIME OF DAY AND DAY OF WEEK 12 Number of Offenders 1 8 6 4 2 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Day labels at 12 noon Day / Hour

122 MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES IN NEW ZEALAND 213 TABLE 4: ALCOHOL OFFENDERS BY ROAD TYPE AND WEEKEND/NON-WEEKEND YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Weekday Weekend Total Open road State Highway 496 957 1453 Non-State Highway 258 499 757 Open Road Subtal 754 1456 221 Urban State Highway 35 729 134 Non-State Highway 476 8388 1394 Urban Subtal 511 9117 14128 Speed limit unspecified 2761 487 7568 Total 8526 1538 2396 TABLE 5: ALCOHOL LEVEL BY DRIVER AGE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Alcohol level (1) No value 3 31 5 51 8 81 1 11 12 121 15 151 2 21 25 251 3 31 35 Over 35 Refused Total 15 19 11 3 382 113 314 412 477 334 34 34 314 2 24 17 2 631 1357 1579 126 24 14 1 117 5182 25 29 27 1 419 971 1227 121 223 23 2 2 96 412 3 34 13 239 61 752 745 181 34 3 2 18 2687 35 39 14 1 1 218 468 614 525 183 34 1 1 87 2156 4 44 11 2 199 439 559 549 169 42 14 2 9 276 45 49 9 173 372 475 474 149 37 7 2 77 1775 5 54 5 1 121 33 36 332 111 25 8 54 132 55 59 3 91 22 222 217 72 11 1 28 847 6 and over 7 86 238 232 185 43 15 1 3 24 834 Unknown age 2 1 3 Total 117 4 384 12 2491 5372 6498 5642 1369 235 47 12 715 2396 NOTE: (1) In milligrams of alcohol per 1 millilitres of blood. Breath test results have been converted a blood equivalent eg breath reading of 4 micrograms per litre is equivalent a blood reading of 8 milligrams per 1 millilitres.

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS 123 FIGURE 4: NUMBER OF OFFENDERS BY ALCOHOL LEVEL AND AGE 7 6 5 Under 2 2 years or older Offenders 4 3 2 1 31-5 51-8 81-1 11-12 121-15 151-2 21-25 251-3 31-35 Over 35 Alcohol Level ( blood equivalent - mg/1mls) FIGURE 5: NUMBER OF OFFENDERS BY ALCOHOL LEVEL AND SEX 7 6 5 Female Male Offenders 4 3 2 1 31-5 51-8 81-1 11-12 121-15 151-2 21-25 251-3 31-35 Over 35 Alcohol Level ( blood equivalent - mg/1mls)

124 MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES IN NEW ZEALAND 213 TABLE 6: AGE OF MALE OFFENDERS BY BREATH TEST RESULT YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Evidential breath test levels (1) No value (2) 15 151 3 31 4 41 5 51 6 61 1 Over 1 Total 15 19 233 2 456 538 222 285 55 21 237 2 24 834 343 868 1862 122 429 25 29 675 224 622 142 153 394 3 34 493 132 393 92 19 247 35 39 369 1 123 286 71 15 1585 4 44 45 111 247 636 117 1516 45 49 325 1 215 561 87 1288 5 54 246 69 192 48 78 993 55 59 165 63 15 268 36 682 6 and over 193 54 154 253 27 681 Unknown age 1 1 2 Total 3938 3 457 538 1441 3412 758 855 18224 NOTE: (1) In micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath. (2) Most will have blood test results (see Table 8). TABLE 7: AGE OF FEMALE OFFENDERS BY BREATH TEST RESULT YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Evidential breath test levels (1) No value (2) 15 151 3 31 4 41 5 51 6 61 1 Over 1 Total 15 19 57 13 169 59 95 19 6 76 2 24 189 114 286 517 37 1143 25 29 134 85 197 454 4 91 3 34 12 42 119 33 42 635 35 39 93 39 113 254 67 566 4 44 132 44 91 239 51 557 45 49 112 26 9 214 42 484 5 54 77 26 59 139 23 324 55 59 4 14 22 67 18 161 6 and over 44 1 33 55 3 145 Unknown age 1 1 Total 98 131 169 459 115 2459 329 5632 NOTE: (1) In micrograms of alcohol per litre of breath. (2) Most will have blood test results (see Table 9).

BREATH AND BLOOD ALCOHOL STATISTICS 125 TABLE 8: AGE OF MALE OFFENDERS BY BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVEL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Blood alcohol test levels (1) No value (2) 3 31 5 51 8 81 1 11 12 121 15 151 2 21 25 251 3 31 35 Over 35 Refused Total 15 19 277 1 37 45 29 2 26 32 5 35 237 2 24 32 1 137 165 178 186 44 6 112 429 25 29 2431 1 85 13 15 16 41 6 9 394 3 34 1558 49 76 11 115 38 1 1 2 97 247 35 39 1224 1 43 53 77 7 3 9 1 77 1585 4 44 111 2 31 74 92 82 27 1 4 1 83 1516 45 49 967 3 47 55 78 31 11 3 66 1288 5 54 748 1 15 4 58 54 22 6 2 47 993 55 59 517 9 23 41 42 18 5 27 682 6 and over 489 2 39 49 34 12 1 2 26 681 Unknown age 2 2 Total 14323 1 37 51 448 667 827 853 268 73 11 5 66 18224 NOTE: (1) In milligrams of alcohol per 1 millilitres of blood. (2) Most will have breath test results (see Table 6). TABLE 9: AGE OF FEMALE OFFENDERS BY BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVEL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 213 Blood alcohol test levels (1) No value (2) 3 31 5 51 8 81 1 11 12 121 15 151 2 21 25 251 3 31 35 Over 35 Refused Total 15 19 653 4 15 4 12 7 6 2 3 76 2 24 953 1 36 37 46 43 8 2 17 1143 25 29 779 24 22 31 26 5 4 1 18 91 3 34 529 16 22 15 12 15 3 23 635 35 39 471 13 16 19 14 11 2 1 1 18 566 4 44 427 13 26 23 34 11 4 1 1 17 557 45 49 37 16 2 19 2 15 5 1 18 484 5 54 245 11 11 14 17 8 3 2 13 324 55 59 119 5 6 7 12 4 2 6 161 6 and over 11 2 7 15 8 4 4 4 145 Unknown age 1 1 Total 4648 4 16 14 179 196 192 83 29 5 3 137 5632 NOTE: (1) In milligrams of alcohol per 1 millilitres of blood.(2) Most will have breath test results (see Table 7).