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Tissue in which the body stores lipids. adipose tissue 01 of 32 E-Flash Cards atherosclerosis Hardened and narrowed arteries caused by plaque deposits. 02 of 32 E-Flash Cards blood lipid profile A medical test that measures the amounts of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL in the blood. 03 of 32 E-Flash Cards cancer A disease in which abnormal cells grow out of control. 04 of 32 E-Flash Cards
cholesterol A white, waxy lipid made by the body that is part of every cell. Cholesterol is also found in foods of animal origin. 05 of 32 E-Flash Cards chylomicron A ball of triglycerides thinly coated with cholesterol, phospholipids, and proteins formed to carry absorbed dietary fat to body cells. 06 of 32 E-Flash Cards coronary heart disease (CHD) Disease of the heart and blood vessels. Atherosclerosis and hypertension are the two most common forms of CHD. 07 of 32 E-Flash Cards emulsifier A substance, such as a phospholipid, that can mix with water and fat. 08 of 32 E-Flash Cards
essential fatty acid A fatty acid needed by the body for normal growth and development that cannot be made by the body and, therefore, must be supplied by the diet. 09 of 32 E-Flash Cards fat replacer An ingredient used in food products to replace some or all of the fat typically found in those products. 10 of 32 E-Flash Cards fatty acid An organic compound made up of a chain of carbon atoms to which hydrogen atoms are attached and having an acid group at one end. 11 of 32 E-Flash Cards heart attack The death of heart tissue caused by blockage of an artery carrying nutrients and oxygen to that tissue. 12 of 32 E-Flash Cards
high-density lipoprotein (HDL) A lipoprotein that picks up cholesterol from around the body and transfers it to other lipoproteins for transport back to the liver for removal from the body. 13 of 32 E-Flash Cards hydrogenation The process of breaking the double carbon bonds in unsaturated fatty acids and adding hydrogen to make the fatty acid more saturated. 14 of 32 E-Flash Cards hypertension Abnormally high blood pressure; an excess force on the walls of the arteries as blood is pumped from the heart. 15 of 32 E-Flash Cards lecithin A phospholipid made by the liver and found in many foods. 16 of 32 E-Flash Cards
lipid A group of compounds that includes triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids (lecithin), and sterols (cholesterol). 17 of 32 E-Flash Cards lipoprotein Fat droplets coated by proteins so they can be transported in the bloodstream. 18 of 32 E-Flash Cards low-density lipoprotein (LDL) A lipoprotein that carries cholesterol made by the liver through the bloodstream to body cells. 19 of 32 E-Flash Cards monounsaturated fatty acid A fatty acid that has only one double bond between carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain. 20 of 32 E-Flash Cards
omega-3 fatty acids A certain type of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish oils and shown to have a positive effect on heart health. 21 of 32 E-Flash Cards phospholipids A class of lipids that have a phosphorus-containing compound in their chemical structures, which allows them to combine with both fat and water to form emulsions. 22 of 32 E-Flash Cards plaque A buildup of fatty compounds made up largely of cholesterol that form on the inside walls of arteries. 23 of 32 E-Flash Cards polyunsaturated fatty acid A fatty acid that has two or more double bonds between carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain. 24 of 32 E-Flash Cards
rancid Describes a fat in which the fatty acid molecules have combined with oxygen, causing them to break down, which makes the fat spoil and gives it an unpleasant smell and taste. 25 of 32 E-Flash Cards saturated fatty acid A fatty acid that has no double bonds in its chemical structure and, therefore, carries a full load of hydrogen atoms. 26 of 32 E-Flash Cards sterols A class of lipids that have a complex molecular structure, including some hormones, vitamin D, and cholesterol. 27 of 32 E-Flash Cards stroke The death of brain tissue caused by blockage of an artery carrying nutrients and oxygen to that tissue. 28 of 32 E-Flash Cards
trans fatty acid An unsaturated fatty acid that has had hydrogen added to convert it to a solid fat. 29 of 32 E-Flash Cards triglycerides The major type of fat found in foods and in the body. Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids attached to glycerol. 30 of 32 E-Flash Cards unsaturated fatty acid A fatty acid that has at least one double bond between two carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain and, therefore, is missing at least two hydrogen atoms. 31 of 32 E-Flash Cards very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) A lipoprotein that carries triglycerides and cholesterol made by the liver through the bloodstream to body cells. 32 of 32 E-Flash Cards