Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine

World Century Compendium to TCM Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 4 Volume 5 Volume 6 Volume 7 Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine by Hong-zhou Wu, Zhao-qin Fang and Pan-ji Cheng (translated by Ye-bo He) (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-28-9 (pbk) Introduction to Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine by Hong-zhou Wu, Zhao-qin Fang and Pan-ji Cheng (translated by Chou-ping Han) (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1938134-13-5 (pbk) Introduction to Chinese Materia Medica by Jin Yang, Huang Huang and Li-jiang Zhu (translated by Yunhui Chen) (Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-16-6 (pbk) Introduction to Chinese Internal Medicine by Xiang Xia, Xiao-heng Chen, Min Chen and Yan-qian Xiao (translated by Ye-bo He) (Shanghai Jiaotong University, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-19-7 (pbk) Introduction to Formulae of Traditional Chinese Medicine by Jin Yang, Huang Huang and Li-jiang Zhu (translated by Xiao Ye and Hong Li) (Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-10-4 (pbk) Introduction to Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Ren Zhang (translated by Xue-min Wang) (Shanghai Literature Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-25-8 (pbk) Introduction to Tui Na by Lan-qing Liu and Jiang Xiao (translated by Azure Duan) (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China) ISBN: 978-1-938134-22-7 (pbk)

World Century Compendium to TCM Vol. 1 Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hong-zhou Wu Zhao-qin Fang Pan-ji Cheng Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China translated by Ye-bo He World Century

Published by World Century Publishing Corporation 27 Warren Street Suite 401-402 Hackensack, NJ 07601 Distributed by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE Library of Congress Control Number: 2013931122 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. World Century Compendium to TCM A 7-Volume Set FUNDAMENTALS OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE Volume 1 Copyright 2013 by World Century Publishing Corporation Published by arrangement with Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers. Originally published in Chinese Copyright Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 2007 All Rights Reserved. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN 978-1-938134-34-0 (Set) ISBN 978-1-938134-28-9 (pbk) Typeset by Stallion Press Email: enquiries@stallionpress.com Printed in Singapore

Contents THE FIRST WEEK 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Section 1 A Summary of the Development of Basic Theories of TCM 3 Section 2 The Main Characteristics of Basic Theories of TCM 10 Concept of Holism 10 Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation 13 Section 3 The Essentials of Basic Theories in TCM 15 Chapter 2 The Theory of Essence, Qi and Spirit 19 The Essentials of the Theory of Essence, Qi and Spirit 19 The Application of the Theory of Essence, Qi and Spirit in TCM 21 Weekly Review 25 THE SECOND WEEK 31 Chapter 3 The Theory of Yin and Yang 33 The Essentials of Yin-Yang Theory 34 The Application of Yin-Yang Theory in TCM 39

vi Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chapter 4 The Theory of Five Elements 47 The Essentials of Five-Element Theory 48 Weekly Review 51 THE THIRD WEEK 55 The Essentials of Five-Element Theory 57 The Application of Five-Element Theory in TCM 61 The Application of Five-Element Theory in TCM For Diagnosis of Diseases 66 The Application of Five-Element Theory in TCM For Treatment of Diseases 69 Chapter 5 The Theory of Visceral Manifestation 75 Weekly Review 79 THE FOURTH WEEK 83 Section 1 The Five Zang-Organs 85 The Heart 85 Appendix: The Pericardium 89 The Lung 89 The Relationship of the Lung to Emotions, Fluids, Body Constituents and Orifices 93 The Spleen 94 The Main Physiological Functions of the Spleen 95 The Liver 98 The Kidney 104 Appendix: Mingmen (the Life Gate) 109 Weekly Review 110 THE FIFTH WEEK 117 Section 2 The Six Fu-Organs 119 The Gallbladder 120 The Stomach 121 The Small Intestine 122 The Large Intestine 124

Contents vii The Urinary Bladder 124 The Triple Energizer 125 Section 3 The Extraordinary Fu-Organs 127 The Brain 127 The Uterus 129 Section 4 The Relationships Among the Viscera 131 The Relationships Among the Five Zang-Organs 131 The Relationships Between Lung and Kidney 135 Weekly Review 138 THE SIXTH WEEK 141 The Relationships Among the Six Fu-Organs 143 The Relationships Between the Five Zang-Organs and Six Fu-Organs 144 Chapter 6 Qi, Blood, and Body Fluid 147 Qi 147 Blood 154 Body Fluid 156 The Relationships Among Qi, Blood and Body Fluid 160 The Relationships Between Blood and Body Fluid 163 Weekly Review 164 THE SEVENTH WEEK 169 Chapter 7 The Theory of Meridians and Collaterals 171 The Connotation of Meridians and Collaterals and the Composition of Meridian System 171 The 12 Meridians 175 The Eight Extraordinary Meridians 197 Weekly Review 206

viii Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine THE EIGHTH WEEK 213 The Eight Extraordinary Meridians 215 The Divergent Meridian, Divergent Collateral, Meridian Tendon and Skin Division 220 The Physiological Functions of Meridians and the Application of Meridian Theory 224 Chapter 8 Body Constituents, Sensory Organs and Orifices 231 The Body Constituents 231 The Tendons 236 The Organs and Orifices 239 Weekly Review 245 THE NINTH WEEK 251 The Organs and Orifices 253 Chapter 9 Etiology and Nosogenesis 261 Section 1 Etiology 261 The Six Abnormal Climatic Factors 262 Pestilence 270 Internal Impairment Due to Seven Emotions 272 Improper Diet, Overstrain and Indulgence in Leisure 274 Weekly Review 277 THE TENTH WEEK 285 External Injury 287 Parasites 288 Phlegm, Retained-Fluid and Blood Stasis 288 Section 2 Nosogenesis 291 The Relationship Between the Occurrence of Disease and the Struggle of Healthy Qi and Pathogenic Factors 292

Contents ix The Relationship Between the Occurrence of Disease and the Internal or External Environment 293 Chapter 10 Pathogenesis 297 Section 1 Common Types of Pathogenesis 297 Exuberance and Debilitation of Healthy Qi and Pathogenic Factors 297 Imbalance Between Yin and Yang 302 Weekly Review 311 THE ELEVENTH WEEK 317 Disorders of Qi and Blood 319 Disharmony Between Qi and Blood 324 Abnormal Metabolism of Body Fluid 326 Functional Disorders of Body Fluid, Qi and Blood 329 Endogenous Production of Five Pathogenic Factors 330 Section 2 Pathogenesis of the Meridians 336 Section 3 Pathogenesis of the Viscera 338 Disorders of Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang of the Five Zang-Organs 339 Weekly Review 343 THE TWELFTH WEEK 347 Disorders of Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang of the Five Zang-Organs (Continued) 349 Functional Disorders of the Six Fu-Organs 359 Functional Disorders of the Extraordinary Fu-Organs 363 Chapter 11 Life Cultivation, Therapeutic Principles and Methods 367 Section 1 Life Cultivation 367 The Basic Principles of Life Cultivation 368

x Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Main Methods of Life Cultivation 370 Weekly Review 374 THE THIRTEENTH WEEK 381 Section 2 Therapeutic Principles 383 Treatment of Disease before Occurrence 383 Treatment of Disease from the Root 384 Routine Treatment and Contrary Treatment 387 Reinforcing Healthy Qi and Expelling Pathogenic Factors 391 Regulation of Yin and Yang 392 Regulation of Qi and Blood 396 Regulation of the Viscera 397 Treatment in Accordance with the Triple Factors 403 Weekly Review 407 THE FOURTEENTH WEEK 415 Section 3 Therapeutic Methods 417 The Eight Therapeutic Methods 417 Chinese Medicinals 422 Prescriptions 429 Acupuncture and Moxibustion 433 Tuina 438 Weekly Review 441 Index 447