CMAC111 Acupuncture Channel Theory

CMAC111 Acupuncture Channel Theory Session 1 Overview of Channel Theory Work Health & Safety/ Infection control Chinese Medicine Department Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1

Welcome to Acupuncture Channel Theory This topic is the first in a series of subjects that discusses: o Acupuncture Channels o Acupuncture Points o Point Actions and Indications Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 2

Welcome to Acupuncture Channel Theory Acupuncture Channel Theory discusses the Channels and their Collaterals Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 3

Subject Outline o Learning outcomes o Session plans o Assessments Session 1 Content Preparation for classes Introduction to o Channel theory o WH&S o CMBA Code of Conduct Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 4

Subject Outline Learning Outcomes Session Plan Assessments Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 5

Practical Skills Tracing channels accurately on human model Proportional measurement (see videos) Applying o WH&S practices o CMBA Code of Conduct as they pertain to channel theory, when tracing channels in class and in assessments. 80% attendance and active participation requirement. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 6

Theoretical Knowledge Basic channel (jing) and collateral (luo) theory Including o Channel actions, indications and pathologies o Identifying diagrams of channel pathways o Primary and secondary channel functions Application of channel theory to simple Chinese medicine case studies Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 7

Preparation for Classes Please prepare for each session by pre-reading the relevant section of your set text. You need to familiarise yourself with the content in order to maximize your learning and practical work in class. Each week, please come prepared with: o o o o o o Appropriate clothing for the region being palpated Two or more towels or sheets plus one hand towel for face cradle Pillow and pillowslip if desired Chinagraph pencil, eyeliner or non-toxic water based marker (in a variety of colours) Lecture notes Please note the PowerPoints alone do not contain all your learning materials you also need to have your set text or app with you to use as a reference. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 8

Post Class Review Form study groups to practice practical skills. Complete the student study guide for each session. Note any questions you need help with. Flag these with your lecturer next session. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 9

Class Discussion What do you know in relation to Acupuncture Channels and the theories surrounding it? What are some of the terminologies associated with these theories both in Chinese and English? Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 10

Historical Context The inner classic: major text written between 200 B.C and 200 A.D Described a network in which Qi and blood circulates in a channel system that integrates the organs with the external environment. In the inner classic 3 fundamental or pillar concepts came together to form the basis of Chinese Medicine (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-14) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 11

Class Discussion Qi is one of the most fundamental concepts of Oriental Medicine. But what is Qi? Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 12

The 3 Pillars Yin-yang and the five element theory Internal organ theory Channel theory Pillars from the inner court of the Bel Temple Palmyra Syria (XvLun, 2005) This class will focus on channel theory Ju-Yi & Robertson 2008, pp. 1-14 Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 13

Channel Theory Dewy spider web (Fir0002, 2005) Classical works describe the channels as the living web from which the other two concepts are woven (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 14

History of Channel Theory Five basic sources form which channel theory draws Historical autopsy Historical surgery and imperial punishments Esoteric Qi Gong practices Classical clinical experience Classical Chinese Philosophy (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 15

Channel Theory Yin Yang and the five elements assume a physical form in the body as channels and organs with unique natures Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37 The elements (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, p. xxi) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 16

Channel Theory Channels link organs to organs not just hollow pathways carrying substances active participants in process of physiology (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 17

Fundamental Concepts of Channel Theory Interwoven network Connect internal organs together Unify digestive, lymphatic, nervous, reproductive and other bodily systems Communication system that holds and conducts information Pathways that carry Qi, Blood and body fluids Pathways for disease (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 18

Fundamental Concepts of Channel Theory The twelve meridians control human life, yet they are the place where disease can live. If disease starts in the meridians, the physician can use the meridians to treat the root cause of disease. (Nei Jing in Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 19

Functions of the Channels - Transporting Qi and Blood - Protecting the Body - Responding to dysfunction in the body - Transmit Qi to a diseased area - Channels may become diseased - Disease of the Zangfu (internal organs) may manifest in channels - Disease may be transmitted via the channels - Visibly show disease (Deadman, Al-Khafaji, & Baker, 2007, pp. 11-28) Key Concept Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 20

Overview of the Channels 12 Primary Channels 8 Extraordinary Vessels Secondary Channels Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 21

12 Primary Channels Run vertically Bilaterally Symmetrically Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 22

12 Primary Channels Identified according to o Yin and yang o Internal organs they connect to o Limb along which they flow Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 23

Yin-Yang and the Channels The channels in the body are divided into Yin and Yang. 6 Yang channels run on Yang surfaces of the body 6 Yin channels run on Yin surfaces of the body Yin Yang (Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 24

Take a moment to identify the yin and yang surfaces on your body Yang = Sunny side of the hill Yin = Shady side of the hill Sun and shade, near to Bromsash, Herefordshire, Great Britain (Eccles, 2010) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 25

For you to contemplate You may wish to view this in your own time https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezmr9attpyc Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 26

12 Primary Channels 12 main channels are named after the organ that governs them Ju-Yi & Robertson, 2008, pp. 1-37 Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 27

Yin and Yang Channels Yin Yang Lung Pericardium Heart Spleen Liver Kidney Large Intestine Triple Energizer Small Intestine Stomach Gallbladder Bladder Table 1. Yin & Yang Channels Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 28

Distribution of Channels on the Limbs Hand Lung Pericardium Heart Large Intestine Triple Energizer Small Intestine Foot Spleen Liver Kidney Stomach Gallbladder Bladder Table 1. Hand & Foot Channels Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 29

12 Primary Channels Hand Foot Yin Lung Pericardium Heart Spleen Liver Kidney Yang Large Intestine Triple Energizer Small Intestine Stomach Gallbladder Bladder Table 1. Hand & Foot, Yin & Yang Channels Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 30

WH&S and CMBA Code of Conduct Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 31

Standard Precautions o Hand hygiene, before and after every episode of patient contact o The use of personal protective equipment o Routine environmental cleaning o Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette o Waste management o Appropriate handling of linen Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 32

The 5 moments for hand hygiene The 5 moments for hand hygiene developed by the World Health Organization (WHO 2009) and adopted by Hand Hygiene Australia (Grayson et al 2009): o Protect patients against acquiring infectious agents from the hands of the healthcare worker o Help to protect patients from infectious agents (including their own) entering their bodies during procedures o Protect healthcare workers and the healthcare surroundings from acquiring patients infectious agents. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 33

The 5 moments for hand hygiene Hand Hygiene (Donskey & Eckstein,2009) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 34

The 5 moments for hand hygiene 5 moments (W.H.O., 2009 in Grayson et al., 2009) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 35

Clips for Home Viewing Glen's Story How Healthcare Associated Infections Can Impact on a Person's Life and Family https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=risbb6tmzva Growing Bacteria Samples from a mobile phone, TV remote, soap dispenser and keyboard https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsze6woflas&list=pl4bqg1mgv7ucdvrhsad3c_v0abnu2znrv&i ndex=8 Bacterial growth on hands Time lapse photography comparing the growth of bacteria from an unwashed hand and washed hand. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xueowtb7qg Bacteria Growth Time Lapse The petri base is divided into thirds: The top bacteria is a sample grown from a restaurant's kitchen table and appliances. The right sample is grown of a public urinal. The left side's bacteria is of a urn's tap handle used in a workplace.. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlmk0zyifje&list=pl4bqg1mgv7ucdvrhsad3c_v0abnu2znrv&in dex=7 Bacterial growth from a handprint https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_uhu3tyzai Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 36

Routine environmental cleaning Frequently touched surfaces can be cleaned with a detergent solution designed for general purpose cleaning. In office-based practice and less acute patient-care areas the risk of contamination, mode of transmission and risk to others should be used to determine whether disinfectants are required. Sehulster, & Chinn (2003) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 37

Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette Is a standard infection control precaution at all times. Cover sneezes and coughs with tissues (or if unavailable into the inner elbow) Hands should be washed with soap and water after coughing, sneezing, using tissues - after contact with respiratory secretions or objects contaminated by these secretions. Sehulster & Chinn (2003) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 38

Handling of linen As students provide linen for their own use in practical classes. They are responsible for ensuring linen is clean stored in a clean dry place that prevents contamination from other sources. Linen soiled with body substances should be placed into leak-proof laundry bags for safe transport. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 39

Work Health & Safety Appropriate lifting techniques are essential when lifting bulky or heavy items. Comprehensive information can be located on the Work safe Australian government site: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/manual-handling Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 40

Work Health & Safety Massage table height positioning should be approximately one half the practitioner s height (Fritz, 2013). Ultralekki stół do masażu Aero (Habys, 2011) This is dependant on the comfort of the practitioner and the needs of the patient. Information on desk set-up can be located at: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702/ergonomicprincipleschecklistsforofficefurniture_1991_pdf.pdf Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 41

Overview of Risk Management in Infection Control & Prevention o Information provided for Risk Management is derived from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and will be delivered in segments throughout the course. A full copy can be found at: http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachment s/cd33_complete.pdf o It is imperative that all students comply to standards set by the Endeavour College, the Chinese Medicine Board of Australia (CMBA) and state/local regulations throughout this course. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 42

CMBA Code of Conduct Treating patients and practical work with student models in class o Evaluate patient individual needs o Modify practices showing due respect for privacy, cultural and other differences As registered practitioners we are bound by the CMBA Code of Conduct. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 43

Group Discussion Suggest ways this might be applied in class. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 44

CMBA Code of Conduct Read the CMBA Code of Conduct before next session. Pay special attention to sections 3 and 8. http://www.chinesemedicineboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines/code-of-conduct.aspx o Contemplate the following questions to share your conclusions in class next week. o Which portions of this would affect your interactions in practical work throughout this subject? o How will you apply these? Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 45

Draping Draping allows a practitioner to observe, palpate or treat any part of the body while o Being considerate of client modesty o Maintaining client body temperature o Acting as a form of informed consent (this will be discussed later in CMCS121) Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 46

Special Draping Techniques to allow for disrobing in class In a clinical situation the practitioner usually leaves the room whilst the patient disrobes. This privacy is not available in the classroom so use the following techniques to ensure your classmates privacy. Draping: Upper Body Draping: Lower Body Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 47

Class Demonstration: Draping and using proportional measurement to find Cun measurements. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 48

Class Exercise Separate into groups of two/three and practice marking cun measurements utilising draping techniques on various parts of the body Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 49

Essential Reading Chinese Medicine Board of Australia. (2014). Code of conduct. Sections 3 and 8 http://www.chinesemedicineboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines/code-ofconduct.aspx Deadman, P., Al-Khafaji, M., & Baker, K. (2007). A manual of acupuncture (2 ed.). Hove, East Sussex: Journal of Chinese Medicine Publications. pp. 11-17 & 26-27, 73-75, 209-212 and 367-370. A scanned copy of pp.11-27 & 26,27 is available on LMS SN02. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 50

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the Endeavour College of Natural Health pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 51

References Deadman, P., Al-Khafaji, M., & Baker, K. (2007). A manual of acupuncture (2nd ed.). Hove, East Sussex: Journal of Chinese Medicine Publications. [Available as web app 2013, mobile app 2009 or text 2007] Donskey, C & Eckstein, B 2009, Images in clinical medicine. The hands give it away. New England Journal of Medicine vol.360, no. 3, Retrieved May 20, 2015, from < http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/book/export/html/30085> Eccles, P., (2010). Sun and shade, near to Bromsash, Herefordshire, Great Britain [Image]. Retrieved February 2, 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file%3asun_and_shade_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1712898.jpg Fir0002, (2005). Dewy spider web [Image]. Retrieved February 2, 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:dewy_spider_web.jpg#/media/file:dewy_spider_web.jpg Ju-Yi, W., Robertson, J. (2008). Applied Channel Theory in Chinese Medicine, Eastland Press, Seattle. Grayson, L., Russo, P., Ryan, K., Bellis, K., & Heard, K. (Eds.) 2009. 5 Moments for hand hygiene. Retrieved May 20, 2015, from http://www.hha.org.au/userfiles/file/manual/manualjuly2009v2%28nov09%29.pdf Habys, (2011). Ultralekki stół do masażu Aero 2011 [Image]. Retrieved February 2, 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:ultralekki_st%c3%b3%c5%82_do_masa%c5%bcu_aero_2011_r..jpg#/media/fil e:ultralekki_st%c3%b3%c5%82_do_masa%c5%bcu_aero_2011_r..jpg Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 52

References cont d Sehulster, L., & Chinn, R., (2003). Guidelines for environmental infection control in health-care facilities. Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recommendations and Reports Jun 6, 52(RR-10):1-42. Retrieved May 20, 2015, from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5210a1.htm Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2014). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology (14 th edn). John Wiley & Sons, Danvers. XvLun, (2005). 3 pillars from the inner court of the Bel Temple Palmyra Syria [Image]. Retrieved February 2, 2016, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/3_pillars_from_the_inner_court_of_the_bel_temple_palmyra_sy ria.jpg Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 53