Axmann 2009 SCA in OA - Introduction Structure of the EU Regulation for Organic Farming Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products. This is the basic regulation on Organic Farming in Europe. Amended by: Council Regulation (EC) 967/2008 1
SCA in OA - Introduction In addition to the Council Regulation: Commission Regulations Commission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 Amended by: Commission Regulation (EC) No 710/2009 - Detailed rules on organic aquaculture animal and seaweed production Commission Regulation (EC) No 271/2010 - Organic logo Commission Regulation (EC) No 1254/2008 Changes concerning production, labelling, control Commission Regulation (EC) No 1235/2008 laying down detailed rules for implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 as regards the arrangements for imports of organic products from third countries SCA in OA - Introduction All legal acts can be downloaded at the following homepage: http://eur-lex.europa.eu 2
SCA in OA - Introduction Scope of the regulation Reg. No. (EC) No 834/2007, Articel 1, Paragraph 1 This Regulation providesprovides the basis for the sustainable development of organic production while ensuring: The effective functioning of the internal market, Guaranteeing fair competition, Ensuring consumer confidence, Protecting consumer interests; Text: Paul Axmann BOKU Vienna 2009 SCA in OA - Introduction Scope of the regulation Reg. No. (EC) No 834/2007, Articel 1, Paragraph 2 This Regulation shall apply to the following products originating from agriculture, where such products are placed on the market or are intended to be placed on the market: Live or unprocessed agricultural products; Processed agricultural products for use as food; Animal feed; Vegetative propagating material and seeds for cultivation. 3
SCA in OA - Introduction Can following products be certified organic according to Reg. No. (EC) 834/2007? Organic bananas, Organic beef, Organic cotton, Organic cotton T-shirt, Organic soap? SCA in OA - Introduction Scope of the regulation Reg. No. (EC) No 834/2007, Articel 1, Paragraph 3 This Regulation shall apply to any operator involved in activities, at any stage of production, preparation and distribution, relating to the products set out in paragraph 2. Reg. No. (EC) 834/2007, Article 28, Paragraph 1 Any operator who produces, prepares, stores, or imports organic products shall, prior to placing on the market notify his activity to the competent authorities and submit his undertaking to the control system. 4
EC Regulation on OA Introduction To ensure the integrity of organic food the whole production chain has to be inspected! => From stable to table <= Traceability of products Axmann 2009 SCA in OA - Introduction Am I organic? production processing storage import Text: Paul Axmann BOKU Vienna 2009 5
SCA in OA - Introduction SCA in OA General production rules General production rules 6
SCA in OA General production rules SCA in OA General production rules 7
SCA in OA General production rules SCA in OA Plant production Plant production rules 8
SCA in OA Plant production Group work Plant production Topics Seed and vegetative propagating material Soil management & Fertilizers Plant protection SCA in OA Plant production 834/A12 Back to definitions In 834 Article 2 9
SCA in OA Plant production 834/A12 SCA in OA Plant production 834/A12 Annex I in Reg. (EC) 889/2008 10
SCA in OA Plant production 889 Annex I in Reg. (EC) 889/2008 Fertilisers and soil conditioners Structure of Annex I Authorisation Name Description, requirements, conditions E.g.: For animal manure and liquid excerments factory farming origin is forbidden! Austria has defined factory farming origin the following way: Stock density is not according to the ÖPUL-criteria or Completely slatted floor, Cage keeping or no free range access for poultry; Source: Bioverordnungen kommentiert Stand 05062009 BMG SCA in OA Plant production 834/A12 Annex II in Reg. (EC) 889/2008 11
SCA in OA Plant production 889 Annex II in Reg. (EC) 889/2008 Pesticides plant protection products Structure of Annex II Authorisation Name Description, requirements, conditions Categories of plant protection products: Substances of crop or animal origin Micro-organisms used for biological pest and disease control Substances produced by micro-organisms Substances to be used in traps and/or dispensers Preparations to be surface-spread between cultivated plants Other substances from traditional use in organic farming Other substances SCA in OA Plant production 889/AII Reg (EC) 889/2008 Annex II 12
SCA in OA Plant production 834/A12 SCA in OA Plant production 889 What does the Reg. (EC) 889/2008 state concerning plant production? Reg. (EC) 889/2008 Title II, Chapter I Plant production Article 3: Soil management and fertilisation Article 4: Prohibition of hydroponic production Article 5: Pest, disease and weed management Article 6: Specific rules on mushroom production 13
SCA in OA Plant production 834 & 889 Conclusion for fertilizers & soil conditioners According to Reg. (EC) 834/2007 & 889/2008 Mineral nitrogen fertilisers shall not be used! Fertility shall be increased by tillage and cultivation practices, crop rotation, legumes and other green manure plants, livestock manure or organic material, preferably composted and from organic production and if applicable by biodynamic preparations. If the above mentioned measures do not meet the needs, it is allowed to use the authorised substances of Annex 1. Only application of the necessary amount! Documentary evidences of the need! Only 170kg N/ha.a of livestock manure is allowed! SCA in OA Plant production 834 & 889 Conclusion for plant protection According to Reg. (EC) 834/2007 & 889/2008 Plant health should be promoted by the protection of natural enemies, the choice of species and varieties, crop rotation, cultivation techniques and thermal processes; If the above mentioned measures do not meet the needs, authorised substances of Annex II may only be used. Documentary evidences about the need of application have to be kept! 14
SCA in OA Plant production 834 & 889 => Catalogue of farming agents & processing guidelines Annual catalogue published By InfoXgen giving info About trade names of Pesticides & fertilizers Containing only authorised Substances. SCA in OA Plant production 834 Conclusion for seeds & propagating material According to Reg. (EC) 834/2007 & 889/2008 Organic seed or propagating material has to be used! If there is no organic quality available, conversion quality can be used. If organic nor conversion quality is available the member state (in Austria the CB) can authorise non-organic quality. Seeds and potatoes are allowed to be treated with substances which are listed in Annex II only! The authorisation has to be granted before the sowing! The variety must not be registered in the seed database and/or other available varieties are not appropriate // or the seed suppliers can not deliver in time // or for research projects; 15
SCA in OA Plant production 889/A48 SCA in OA Different organic standards Organic standards on private, national & international levels Text: Paul Axmann BOKU Vienna 2009 16
SCA in OA - Different organic standards Different types of standards on international level on national level on private level Text: Paul Axmann BOKU Vienna 2009 SCA in OA - Different organic standards International (private) level IFOAM Standard IFOAM is the International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements which represents the worldwide body of organic agriculture and provides a platform for global exchange and cooperation. IFOAM has developed its own standard. 17
SCA in OA - Different organic standards International level EC Regulation 834/2007 Within the European Union all products which are labelled organic have to comply to EU regulation 834/2007. The community logo will be found on pre packaged food. National and private logos may be used in the labelling. SCA in OA - Different organic standards National / International level USA NOP-Standard 2002 National organic program Standards on production, processing and marketing. Compulsory for all US states and for imported organic products. 18
SCA in OA - Different organic standards National level These standards only apply for products consumed in a specific country. Japan JAS India NPOP Australia - AOS SCA in OA - Different organic standards Private standards Private organic standards are in most cases connected with a special label which covers additional requirements to official public standards like Regulation (EC) 834/2007. The membership is voluntary. Nevertheless, official standards have to be fulfilled as a minimum requirement. 19
SCA in OA - Different organic standards History of organic standrads in Europe before 1980 1980 1991 privat national Reg 2092/91 standards standards applies 2004 2005 2007 Organic Action Plan Commission EC Reg 834/2007 Revision of Reg. First draft in force 2008 2009 2010 EC Reg 889/2008 New Regulations New implement. in force apply Regulations SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation Development of the Organic Regulation 20
SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation European Community - EC EC is one of the 3 pilars of the European Union - EU. Following institutions are situated within the EC: European Comission Representative of EU interests European Parliament Representative of EU citizen interests Council of the European Union Representative of the EU member state interests SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation European Comission Consits of several Directorates General. One of the DGs is DG AGRI DG AGRI is subdivided in several directorates and the directorates into units. Directorate H: Sustainability and quality of agriculture and rural development => Unit H3: Organic farming 21
SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation EC legal acts EC Regulation EC Directive EC Decission SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation EC Regulations can be directed to the EC itself, to member states and/or to citizens of the EU. It is direct law in all member states. No transfer into national law is needed. No modification is allowed. 22
SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation EC Directives are directed to the member states of the EU. They have to be transfered into national law. The objectives of the directives should be reflected by the content of the national law. Some space is left for the interpretation of the directive. SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation EC Decissions are directed to member states or single citizens. Decissions as a legal act are valid for specific single cases. They apply only to a specific addressee. 23
SCA in OA - Development of the Organic Regulation SCOF Standing Committee on Organic Farming Delegates of all 27 Member States have to vote when amendments to the Regulations are proposed by the Commission SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation Why Standards, Why certification,?? Why accreditation 24
SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation 25
SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation 26
SCA in OA - Inspection, Certification and Accreditation Organic turn over in Austria in 2008 914 Mio. 66,4% Super market 607 Mio. 15,3% Organic shops 140 Mio. 4,8% Public kitchen, etc. 44 Mio. 6,9% Direct marketing 63 Mio. 6,6 % Exports 60 Mio. 27