KEY - Sample Exam Biology 2050 Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems - KEY Note: Not all of the lymphatic system will be on the actual exam next Monday so disregard any questions that deal with something that wasn t covered in lecture. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following cavities and/or anatomical spaces does NOT contain the heart? a. mediastinum b. thoracic cavity c. pleural cavity d. pericardial cavity e. both a and b 2. Which of the following is made up of serous pericardium? a. visceral pericaridum b. inner layer of parietal pericardium c. epicardium d. both a and b e. a, b and c 3. The base of the heart is most closely located to the: a. left side of the diaphragm b. right side of the diaphragm c. sternal angle d. jugular notch e. central tendon of the diaphragm 4. The endocardium is made up of: a. endothelium b. mesothelium c. serous pericardium d. fibrous pericardium e. simple cuboidal epithelium 5. The right and left coronary arteries exit behind the cusps of the. a. aortic semilunar valve b. pulmonary semilunar valve c. mitral valve d. bicuspid valve e. tricuspid valve 6. The posterior walls of the right and left ventricles are supplied with blood from an artery which is a branch of the artery. a. right coronary b. left coronary c. middle coronary d. superior coronary e. posterior coronary Note: the posterior interventricular artery is the artery that was described in the question. This artery is a branch of the right coronary. 7. An artery which runs in the atrioventricular sulcus on the left side of the heart is the: a. right coronary artery b. left coronary artery c. circumflex artery d. marginal branch e. coronary sinus 8. All the venous blood draining from the heart drains into the. a. right atrium b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. left ventricle e. aorta 9. The is a remnant of the fetal circulation which is found in the interatrial septum. a. ductus ateriosus b. fossa ovalis c. ligamentum venosum d. foramen ovale e. ligamentum arteriosum 10. These muscles are connected to the AV valves via chordae tendinae a. papillary b. pectinate c. pupillary d. trabecular e. peculary
11. If one listens in the left 5th intercostal space, they can hear the sound of the. a. tricuspid valve b. pulmonary valve c. bicuspid valve d. aortic valve e. foramen ovale Note: this is another name for the mitral valve 12. The inner layer of all blood vessels is:. a. endometrium b. endocardium c. endothelium d. endoneurium e. endomysium Note: Another possible answer be the tunica intima/interna 13. The left common carotid artery would be classified as a(n). a. arteriole b. muscular artery c. elastic artery d. sinusoid 14. The tunica media of the aorta contains a predominance of. a. smooth muscle b. skeletal muscle c. collagen fibers d. elastic fibers e. reticular fibers 15. Which of the following contains an internal elastic lamina? a. muscular artery b. elastic artery c. muscular vein d. elastic vein e. metarteriole 16. Which of the following is a type of capillary found in the glomerulus of the kidney? a. continuous b. fenestrated c. elastic d. muscular e. sinusoidal 17. Sinusoidal capillaries are distinguished by: a. small holes in the endothelial cells b. a predominance of tight junctions between the epithelial cells c. large spaces between epithelial cells d. both a and b e. both a and c 18. Which of the wall layers is the thickest in a vein? a. tunica intima b. tunica media c. tunica adventitia d. could be b or c e. could be a, b or c 19. Which of the following veins does NOT have valves? a. brachial vein b. femoral vein c. great saphenous vein d. renal vein e. splenic vein Note: The splenic vein is part of the hepatic portal system. None of the portal veins have valves, which means blood can flow backwards in these vessels. 20. Several lymph follicles aggregated together and surrounded by CT form a lymph. a. node b. nodule c. cell d. vessel 21. An aggregation of lymph tissue found in the parhynx is called the (a): a. appendix b. lymph node c. spleen d. tonsil e. Peyer's Patch
22. Which of the following would likely NOT be a constituent of lymph? a. water b. RBCs c. WBCs d. ions e. all of the above WOULD be constituents of lymph 23. Lacteals are: a. intestinal capillaries specializing in the absorption of milk b. lymph capillaries found in skeletal muscle c. intestinal capillaries specializing in the absorption of glucose d. lymph capillaries found in the small intestine 24. Dietary fats first enter the BLOOD circulation through the: a. inferior vena cava b. superior vena cava c. right subclavian vein d. left subclavian vein e. left subclavian artery Note: Dietary fats are absorbed by lacteals in the small intestine. Lacteals would then drain to the cisterna chyli to the thoracic duct. The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein. 25. A lymphatic organ located in the mediastinum, superior to the heart is: a. thymus b. spleen c. lymph node d. thyroid e. lingual tonsil 26. The function of the white pulp of the spleen is: a. destroy aged RBC's b. hematopoiesis c. destroy blood-born antigens d. both a and b e. both b and c 27. The outer capsule of a lymph node and the spleen are made up of CT while the inside of either organ contains fibers. a. dense regular; reticular b. dense irregular; reticular c. dense regular; collagen d. dense irregular; collagen e. dense regular; elastic 28. The function of the hormone thymosin is to: a. promote the maturation of the entire immune system b. promote the growth and development of the heart c. promote the growth and development of the thymus gland d. all of the above 29. The medullary cords of lymph nodes contain predominantly. a. macrophages b. B-lymphocytes c. T-lymphocytes d. both a and b e. both a and c 30. Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of: a. arterioles b. veins c. venules d. arteries. e. capillaries
31. The tricuspid valve is closed: a. while the ventricle is contracting (systole) b. when the ventricle is relaxing (diastole) c. by the movement of blood from atrium to ventricle. d. while the atrium is contracting e. by the contraction of the papillary muscles during ventricular relaxation 32. B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the: a. spleen b. thymus c. lymph nodes d. tonsils e. bone marrow 33. Lymph leaves a lymph node via: a. an afferent lymphatic vessel b. the medullary sinus c. veins from the hilus d. an efferent lymphatic vessel e. the subcapsular space 34. The concentration of lymphocytes as a percentage of all leukocytes is: a. 4% b. <1% c. 20-30% d. 6% e. 60-70% 35. If one found the concentration of eosinophils to be 10% of all leukocytes, they may determine the individual is suffering from: a. a bacterial infection b. a viral infection c. a parasitic infection d. either a or b 36. Which of the following cell types act to directly kill virus-infected or cancerous cells by secreting chemicals called perforins? a. B lymphocytes b. helper T cells c. cytotoxic T cells d. monocytes e. eosinophils 37. Helper T cells are also known as: a. CD4 cells b. CD6 cells c. CD8 cells d. CD10 cells e. B cells 38. Basophils have the same function as cells of the connective tissues. a. acidophils b. mast cells c. macrophages d. plasma cells e. memory cells 39. The percentage of RBCs in whole blood is termed the: a. edema b. hemopoiesis c. hematocrit d. leukocytosis e. hemophilia 40. Any foreign substance capable of eliciting an immune response is called a(an). 41. Which of the following is(are) a chemical substance(s) released by basophils?
42. Which of the following is(are) chemical substance(s) released by plasma cells? 43. Which of the following is(are) chemical substance(s) that function in blood clotting? 44. Which of the following is(are) chemical substance(s) released by eosinophils? 45. Platelets are derived from cells found in the bone marrow called: a. monocytes b. macrophages c. megakaryocytes d. lymphocytes e. erythrocytes 46. This type of WBC is the most abundant type a. basophils b. eosinophils c. neutrophils d. monocytes e. lymphocytes 47. Which of the following cell types is infected by the HIV virus, which causes AIDS? a. B lymphocytes b. neutrophils c. helper T lymphocytes d. natural killer cells e. cytotoxic T cells 48. Endothelium is made up of: a. transitional epithelium b. simple cuboidal epithelium c. simple squamous epithelium d. simple columnar epithelium 49. These blood vessels are also known as blood reservoirs. a. arteries b. veins c. capillaries d. arterioles e. venules 50. This type of capillary has many tight junctions between the endothelial cells. a. continuous b. cribriform c. sinusoidal d. fenestrated e. constipated Bonus Questions (T/F) 51. The diameter of a red blood cell is 75 µm. False The diameter is 7.5 µm. 52. T lymphocytes originate in the thymus. False, They mature in the thymus, but the originate in the bone marrow, as do all other blood cells. 53. The appendix is a large collection of lymphoid nodules located at the junction between the small intestine and the cecum. True. 54. The pacemaker of the heart is known as the SA node True. 55. Arteries that provide the major supply of blood to the brain are the vertebral arteries and the jugular arteries. False. The jugular veins drain blood from the brain. The vertebral arteries and internal carotid arteries supply blood to the brain.