CHAPTER 6 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM DISEASES, DISORDERS, AND DIAGNOSTIC TERMS Ms. Doshi
Worksheet 1 pp 154-156
Review Exercises
Infections Disease cellulitis myocellulitis osteitis osteomyelitis osteochondritis Definition acute inflammation that spreads in the subcutaneous tissue acute inflammation that spreads in the subcutaneous tissue and muscle. inflammation of the bone; may be caused by infection, degradation, or trauma infection of the bone and bone marrow caused by infectious microorganisms inflammation of bone and cartilage; attacks the bone forming centers (ossification) of the skeleton
Cellulitis
Tumors and Malignancies Benign tumor -tumor that does not cause cancer Malignant tumor -tumor that causes cancer
Tumors and Malignancies Malignant Bone Tumor -primary starts in the bone -secondary starts in another tissue and spreads to the bone
Tumors and Malignancies Term sarcoma chondrosarcoma fibrosarcoma leukemia multiple myeloma Definition cancers that come from connective tissue, such as bone or muscle malignant tumor made of a lot of cartilage malignant tumor made of fibrous tissue. a chronic or acute disease of the blood forming tissues which is caused by a large amount of leukocytes and their precursors -diagnosed by looking at the bone marrow. disease with many tumors in the bone and bone marrow; a fatal disease
Metabolic Disturbances Metabolic disorders are due to a loss of homeostasis in the body. Example: Anything that disturbs the balance between bone destruction and bone formation.
Osteoporosis bone mass is reduced which results in fractures affects postmenopausal women, people who sit a lot, and people using steroids. causes lower back pain and loss of height
Metabolic Disturbances Term Osteomalacia Spondylomalacia Osteitis deformans (Paget disease) Definition -reversible skeletal disorder -characterized by a defect in the mineralization of the bone -commonly caused by Vitamin D deficiency -softening of the vertebrae -skeletal disease of older people -characterized by chronic bone inflammation -results in thickening and softening of the bones and in the bowing of long bones
Exercise 10
Congenital Defects (problems from birth) Term Spina bifida Definition defective closure of the bones of the spine Scoliosis lateral curvature of the spine Kyphosis (humpback or hunchback) exaggerated curvature of the spine from front to back
Congenital Defects (problems from birth) Term Muscular Dystrophy Definition weakness, atrophy (wasting) of muscles, progressive disability and loss of strength Craniocele defect in the skull hernia protrusion of the brain Tarsoptosis (flatfoot) arch of the foot is flat
Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases Term Arthritis Osteoarthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease or DJD) Rheumatoid arthritis Definition inflammation of the joints characterized by pain, heat, swelling, redness, and limitation of movement form of arthritis in which one or many joints undergo degenerative change, especially, loss of articular cartilage. chronic, systemic disease that results in joint deformities, especially of hands and feet Spondyloarthritis Polyarthritis arthritis of the spine inflammation of more than one joint
Arthritis & Connective Tissue Disease Term Lupus erythematosus (LE) Gout hyperuricemia ankylosed spine arthralgia or arthrodynia ankylosis Definition An autoimmune disease that involves connective tissue -patients have a butterfly rash across the bridge of their nose a form of acute arthritis that involves urate deposits in and around the joints -a result of hyperuricemia excessive uric acid in the blood stiff spine or poker spine painful joint joint cannot move and is stiff
Exercises 11 & 12
Worksheet 2 Read pages 164-166 With a partner do Worksheet 2 from the website. You have 30 minutes to do this worksheet.
Exercises 13 & 14
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