Pick a cell that isn t yours!

Pick a cell that isn t yours!

Quiz 1: Introduction and Cells

Module 2: Histology The study of tissues

This module is very visual! Know these images! Introduction www.quizlet.com is a very useful tool for studying PLEASE WRITE YOUR NAME ON ALL ASSIGNMENTS No name no credit.

Tissues Groups of cells (similar or different) coming together in a meaningful way to form a meaningful function The term tissue actually comes from the word woven PSALM 139:13-16 13 For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother s womb. 14 I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well. 15 My frame was not hidden from you when I was made in the secret place, when I was woven together in the depths of the earth. 16 Your eyes saw my unformed body; all the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be.

Muscle: Allows for movement Epithelial: (skin, lining of organs, and also forms glands) Tissue Types Connective: (supports, binds, and insulates) - This includes bone, cartilage, tendons, and fat. Nervous: (Sends and receives signals) We will cover all of these but for now we are going to focus on Epithelial THE TYPE OF TISSUE DEFINES ITS FUNCTION!

Intro to Epithelial Cells Look at your skin. Anyone have dandruff? Kinda gross that is actually epithelium. They have a remarkable ability to repair themselves

Free surface, basal, and basement Turn to page 37 of your book Free surface: Top of the tile Basement membrane = Glue Connective tissue=floor

Epithelial Tissue 3 types of epithelial tissue Squamous (Square) STRATIFIED = Many layers Cuboidal (Cube) Columnar (Column) SIMPLE = One layer

Epithelial Cell Shapes

Simple Squamous Description: Single flat cells Location: Found in very small blood vessels and the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs Function: Diffusion

Simple Cuboidal Description: 1 layer cubes Location: Found in eyes, intestines, kidneys, etc. Function: Secrete/absorb

Simple Columnar - Description: Single layer columns. Contain microvilli! Location: Respiratory tract, intestines. Function: Secrete/absorb Microvilli: Hairlike particles that secrete mucus

Stratified Squamous This is found on your skin (epidermis) Prevents you from bleeding out, and exploding when you go swimming Skin is made by new cells gradually diffusing up to the top. Dead cells have a waterproof protective coating called keratin.

Transitional Epithelium STRETCHY! No obvious order Can expand like a balloon Found in the bladder

- Stratified Cuboidal: Multiple layers of cuboidal cells. Found in salivary glands. Excretion and absorption Mammary Glands Sweat Glands Stratified Columnar: Multiple layers of columnar cells. Found in the reproductive systems.

Pseudostratified columnar Looks stratified but is actually not All cells touch the basement membrane Cilia: Hair like extensions that move mucus out of the airway. Found in airways

GLANDS - Exocrine Glands: Outward through a duct Sweat, sabecuous glands, mammary etc. Endocrine Glands: Ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Merocrine: Exocrine glands secrete without losing cellular material - Sweat glands Apocrine: Exocrine glands that loose their cytoplasm - Mammary glands Holocrine: Exocrine glands that are made of of disintegrating cells. - Sebaceous Glands (oil glands)

C o n n e c t i v e 6 Types T I S S U E Loose connective tissue Dense connective tissue Adipose Blood Cartilage Bone Most abundant and diverse group of tissues! 1. Binds structures together 2. Provides support & protection 3. Fills spaces 4. Produces blood cells 5. Stores fat

The Extracellular Matrix (Use the slide after this for explaining -The matrix is pretty much like jello. It is non-living with living cells inside of it. -Tissue cells are widely separated by extracellular matrix (the cytoplasm of connective tissue) - Can be solid, semisolid, or liquid

Fibers of the Matrix Collagen Fibers contain collagen which gives the fibers flexibility and strength - They are the strongest and most abundant of the fibers. They are stronger than a steel fiber of the same size! Elastic Fibers contain elastin. More stretchy than collagen but not as strong. - Contain a rubber band like protein called elastin. Reticular fibers thin, highly branched collagenous fibers that provide support. - They cradle and support your organs like nets.

Connective Tissue Proper Loose Dense Areolar Reticular Adipose Regular Irregular Elastic Under the skin The tendons and ligaments

LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Loose Areolar Connective Tissue (UNDER THE SKIN) Lies between other tissues or between organs binding them Contain all of the fibers mentioned above as well as many different cells! Has a lot of open space or air in the cell. See more on the next slide.

Blast = Immature Cell (Stem cell that is still dividing) - Chondroblasts (cells that form cartilage) Cyte = Mature Cell that has finished dividing but can go back to it s blast form if needed. Macrophages: Giant cells that patrol your connective tissue and eat the junk that is not good for you. White blood cells and Leukeocytes: Like macrophages, are involved in the immune system and kill things that are harmful to the body. Melanocytes: Give the skin pigment

Adipose Tissue Fat cells called adipocytes Keep you warm, provide energy. The average person has about 18% body fat. Females more than males. Without any adipocytes you would die very quickly

Reticular Tissue The net that holds your blood and organs in place. Very similar to areolar connective tissue but it has more reticular fibers instead of collagen fibers.

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Found in your tendons (connects muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone). Made of very strong collagen fibers all arranged in lines for maximum strength in one direction.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Found under the skin. Made also of collagen and able to withstand force from all directions.

Dense Elastic Connective Tissue Found in your joints and in your spine. Made up of elastin and provides strong yet flexible support.

Wiggle your nose or tap your ear. That is CARTILAGE!

Hyaline (Glass) Most abundant form of cartilage Chondrocytes (cartilage cells) are inside their little Lacunae (empty space) house. Found in your ribcage, your nose, and many other places.

Elastic Cartilage Strong and very stretchy. Found in your ear.

Fibrocartilage Shock absorbers. Found in between your vertebrates.

Bone, Blood, and Nervous Tissue. Also considered connective tissue. We will cover this in much greater detail later but for now just know that they are connective tissue!

HOMEWORK Complete study guide for module 2. Refer to week 2-3 intro video for instructions on grading. Complete coloring pages and attach them to study guide 23 25 27 29 31 33 Make sure you place your name on coloring pages and assignments!